What Contributes to College Students’ Cheating? A Study of Individual Factors

To better understand the multiple individual factors that contribute to college cheating, we undertook a multivariate analysis of a national sample of 2,503 college students. Our findings indicated that demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, socioeconomic status, and year in college), character qualities (e.g., lack of self-control, others-oriented life purpose), college experience (e.g., academic preparation, extracurricular activities involvement, and working), and student perceptions and attitudes (e.g., attitude toward academic cheating, perception of faculty’s actions against cheating and cheating environment) are all significantly associated with academic cheating.     

大学新生主观社会地位与抑郁的变化轨迹:一项多元潜变量增长模型分析

采用整群取样的方法在全国按东部、中部和西部共抽取了7所高校的1983名新生,进行了历时四个月的四次追踪测试。使用潜变量增长模型建模,分别考察了新生主观社会地位和抑郁的变化轨迹,并就两者间的变化关系进行了分析。结果发现新生入学后四个月内：（1）主观社会地位呈阶段化线性增长,其起始水平和第一阶段的增长速度存在显著个体间差异;（2）抑郁呈二次方增长,其起始水平和增长速度存在显著个体间差异;（3）入学后主观社会地位的下滑速度能有效预测新生抑郁水平的上升速度。研究基于情绪压制理论,对主观社会地位与抑郁间的变化关系进行了分析。     

中学生生活满意度的跨文化比较研究

目的:比较不同国家(地区)中学生生活满意度的差异。方法:运用《多维学生生活满意度量表》对爱尔兰、美国、高加索、以色列、中国五个国家(地区)共计1345名中学生的生活满意度进行了测量。结果:(1)五国(地区)中学生高一般生活满意度组人数分布百分比由多到少依次为爱尔兰、美国、高加索、以色列、中国;(2)五国(地区)女生的家庭满意度高于男生,男生的学校满意度高于女生;(3)爱尔兰学生的家庭满意度最高,中国学生的朋友和学校满意度最高,以色列学生的生活环境满意度最低、自我满意度最高;(4)性别和国家(地区)对中学生的学校、生活环境、自我的满意度存在交互作用。结论:不同国家(地区)中学生的生活满意度存在差异,社会文化背景是影响中学生生活满意度的重要因素。     

Between Imposing One’s Will and Protecting Oneself. Narcissism and the Meaning of Life among Dutch Pastors

In contemporary culture, narcissism is an important and common personality trait. This trait is very significant for the meaning people experience in their lives. This article deals with an inquiry into the relationship between narcissism and the meaning of life among pastors. Narcissism is further specified into several dimensions (centripetal narcissism, centrifugal narcissism, isolation and self-satisfaction) and the significance of these dimensions is examined for two central dimensions of the attribution of meaning (frame of reference and fulfilment). The article discusses the significance of the relationship between narcissism and meaning for the professional performance of pastors. Hessel J. Zondag is lecturer in the psychology of religion at the Theologische Faculteit Tilburg in the Netherlands. His teachings and research interests are psychology of religion, cultural psychology, and pastoral psychology. Currently he conducts research to the functions of narcissism in contemporary culture, especially the effects of narcissism on functioning of pastors. Recent publications have appeared in Pastoral Psychology, Journal of Psychology & Theology, and Review of Religious Research.     

Reducing Consumers’ Perceived Risk through Banking Service Quality Cues in Taiwan

This study not only elucidates how service quality cues and perceived risk are related, but also explores the internal composition of this relationship. Financial and psychological risks found to be affected mainly by reliability and empathy of service quality, whereas functional and social risks are influenced by tangibles cues of service quality. Finally, exactly how demographic variables affect the relationship between service quality and perceived risk is considered, and the family life cycle notably modulates this relationship. People in various stages may perceive different levels of service quality, according to their age, which is a variable in the family life cycle.     

从细胞凋亡看生命的选择

随着医学科学的发展人们逐渐认识到:细胞凋亡是细胞在基因控制下生理性、主动性的死亡方式,对维持整个生命有重要的作用,是生命的自主选择.这一认识改变了人们对死亡的传统理解.死亡不只是生命的终结现象而是伴随着整个生命的始终.细胞凋亡的理论为某些疑难疾病的防治提供了可能.     

青少年学生生活满意度的结构和量表编制

本研究在文献分析的基础上,结合国外已有的生活满意度量表,通过访谈、开放式问卷等方法,构建了我国青少年学生生活满意度的理论维度,并据此编制了青少年学生生活满意度量表。对量表进行探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析后表明：生活满意度是一个多层次、多维度的结构,包括2个层次和6个维度。     

“自杀”：一个重要的伦理问题

自杀现已成为人类死亡十大原因之一 ,而且呈现出低龄化的趋势 ,越来越引起社会的关注。因而 ,从政治、经济、社会、疾病、文化等多视角来寻找自杀的外部原因 ,对探究这个重要的伦理问题是有益的。     

Clinical Validation of the Swedish Version of the Quality of Life Inventory in Crime Victims with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and a Nonclinical Sample

The Swedish version of the Quality of Life Inventory (QOLI) was cross-culturally validated with a crime victim sample (N = 53) with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and a nonclinical group (N = 100) with no lifetime and current psychiatric disorder from the general population in the Stockholm county of Sweden. The QOLI showed excellent internal consistencies in the clinical and the nonclinical sample. In addition, PTSD participants displayed a significantly lower self-perceived quality of life in 13 out of 16 domains of life than the nonclinical individuals. Furthermore, the QOLI was inversely correlated with interview and self-report measures of PTSD symptoms, depression, and anxiety. Overall, the results support the utility of the Swedish QOLI version as a potentially useful measure of self-perceived quality of life in Swedish clinical and nonclinical samples. The results are discussed in relation to the Swedish cross-cultural validation of the QOLI, methodological limitations and future directions.     

Stability and Change in Emotion-Organization

This investigation is based on the assumption that a person's emotion-organization is a stable, idiosyncratic property of great importance in determining that person's distinctive characteristics. The two main issues are whether a stable emotion-organization can be found in the turmoil of everyday life and whether life events affect this organization. A sequence of 323 daily assessments of an emotion list by a 26-year-old woman justifies the conclusion that stable, meaningful clusters of emotions can be distinguished. Highly emotional events have an enduring effect upon the organization of these clusters.