Construct validity of global life-satisfaction judgments: A look into the black box of self–informant agreement

Life-satisfaction judgments are ubiquitously used as indicators of wellbeing. The construct validity of these judgments relies heavily on self–informant agreement. However, agreement is necessary, but not sufficient to claim that life-satisfaction judgments are valid. In addition, self–informant agreement should be based on the use of valid information about satisfaction with important life domains. An alternative possibility is that agreement is based on impressions about personality traits. We tested these two hypotheses in a model that predicted self-ratings and informant ratings of life satisfaction from shared perceptions of personality and satisfaction with life domains. In a round-robin study of families, we found that life-domains were the key predictor of self–informant agreement. However, the Depressiveness facet of Neuroticism had a small direct effect. In addition, it was indirectly related to self–informant agreement because it predicts lower satisfaction in important life-domains that were used to form life-satisfaction judgments.     

复杂目标实现过程中进展感知与努力的因果关系：基于潜在差分模型的分析

长期、多任务复杂目标实现过程中,个体如何依据过往进展来调节未来努力付诸程度,一直是工业与组织心理学中有争议的话题之一。本研究以创业活动作为研究背景,以PESD数据库中215名创业者为研究对象,构建潜在差分模型对连续5年的创业进展感知与创业努力的客观数据进行分析。结果显示,进展感知和努力间呈现互动式因果关系：前一期努力程度能够预测下一期进展感知的增加,但前一期进展感知却使得下一期努力程度减弱。     

Religious Commitment's Moderating Effect on Refugee Trauma and Growth

The authors assessed religious commitment's moderating effect on the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in adult Liberian refugees who experienced trauma from war (N = 444). Results indicated that religious commitment predicted PTG and had an interaction effect on the relationship between trauma and PTG, albeit a negative one. Counselors should therefore gauge clients’ worldviews in terms of religion or spirituality before integrating spiritual or religious issues in therapy.