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981.
Victims of Abuse by Priests: Some Preliminary Observations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper describes the results of psychological assessments of 25 adult males who were victims of sexual abuse by Catholic priests as children or early adolescents. Preliminary data suggest that premorbid personality patterns in these victims put them at greater risk for abuse and also exacerbated the effects of their victimization. These observations are considered in the context of prevalent explanatory models of the traumagenic effects of child sexual abuse. 相似文献
982.
The internal consistency reliability and concurrent validity of the 9-item Short Index of Mystical Orientation (SIMO) are established in relation with the parent 21-item Mystical Orientation Scale (MOS) among a sample of 1,468 Roman Catholic priests. 相似文献
983.
Damien Fouques 《Psychologie Fran?aise》2004,49(1):25-32
This paper reviews the use of the Rorschach (C.S.) in the field of psychotherapy outcome and process evaluation. It appears to be a valid and useful tool, able to measure changes following therapy and whatever the kind of therapy, based on infraclinical information about the patient. Its use requires precise and complex methodological designs which are described in this article, together with the main studies necessary to encourage future research on this topic. 相似文献
984.
Higher-order latent trait models for cognitive diagnosis 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Higher-order latent traits are proposed for specifying the joint distribution of binary attributes in models for cognitive
diagnosis. This approach results in a parsimonious model for the joint distribution of a high-dimensional attribute vector
that is natural in many situations when specific cognitive information is sought but a less informative item response model
would be a reasonable alternative. This approach stems from viewing the attributes as the specific knowledge required for
examination performance, and modeling these attributes as arising from a broadly-defined latent trait resembling theϑ of item response models. In this way a relatively simple model for the joint distribution of the attributes results, which
is based on a plausible model for the relationship between general aptitude and specific knowledge. Markov chain Monte Carlo
algorithms for parameter estimation are given for selected response distributions, and simulation results are presented to
examine the performance of the algorithm as well as the sensitivity of classification to model misspecification. An analysis
of fraction subtraction data is provided as an example.
This research was funded by National Institute of Health grant R01 CA81068. We would like to thank William Stout and Sarah
Hartz for many useful discussions, three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments and suggestions, and Kikumi Tatsuoka and
Curtis Tatsuoka for generously sharing data. 相似文献
985.
Interpreting appropriately face expressions and analyzing social relations between people, according to their actions are useful competence for treating pragmatic aspects of communication. We do research on these competences by presenting a recognition emotion task, and a task in which movements of geometrical figures simulate social interaction, to 98 children (children aged 8, 10, 12 and 14 years, children with autism and mental retardation). Results show that answers qualitatively increase with age, even after 12 years. Children with autism encounter more difficulties to recognize emotional expression than to attribute intentional actions. Emotion recognition is related to simple intention attribution but not with complex one, which develops later. 相似文献
986.
Donald E Gibson 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》2004,65(1):134-156
Career theory proposes the importance of role models as helping to guide individual development. Furthermore, the media often depict role models as essential to career success. However, research on role models as a construct distinct from developmental relationships with mentors and behavioral models has waned. This article makes the case for reinvigorating the role model construct. A revised definition is provided, depicting role models as cognitive constructions based on an individual’s needs, wants, and ambitions. Drawing on recent advances in social comparison and self-concept theories, a dimensional approach to role models integrates current theory and research, suggesting that role models should be construed along two cognitive dimensions (positive/negative, global/specific), and two structural dimensions (close/distant, up/across-down). The article concludes by suggesting new research directions prompted by this new view of the role model construct. 相似文献
987.
Processing speed, intelligence, creativity, and school performance: Testing of causal hypotheses using structural equation models 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
According to mental speed theory of intelligence, the speed of information processing constitutes an important basis for cognitive abilities. However, the question, how mental speed relates to real world criteria, like school, academic, or job performance, is still unanswered. The aim of the study is to test an indirect speed-factor model in comparison to rivaling models explaining the relationships between different mental abilities and performance. In this speed-factor model, basic cognitive processing is assumed to influence higher mental abilities (IQ and creativity). Intelligence and creativity themselves should be valid predictors of school performance. We computed bivariate correlations and structural equation models to test this hypothesis, using indicators of processing speed [Zahlen-Verbindungs-Test (ZVT) and Coding Test], psychometric intelligence [Kognitiver Fähigkeits-Test (KFT) and Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM)], creativity [Verbaler Kreativitäts-Test (VKT) and Verwendungs-Test (VWT)] and school performance (grades). In a sample of 271 students from German gymnasiums (Class Levels 9 to 11) the speed-factor model can reproduce at best the empirical relationships between processing speed, intelligence, creativity, and school performance: It assumes that processing speed influences higher mental abilities (intelligence and creativity), which, in the sequel, influence school performance. Therefore, processing speed seems to have no direct effect on school performance; the effect is indirect as it operates via mediation through higher cognitive abilities. 相似文献
988.
Manuel Sánchez-Pérez María A. Iniesta-Bonillo 《Journal of business and psychology》2004,19(2):141-159
This work seeks to develop an index of the consumer's felt commitment towards the retailer through a formative scale. By using structural equation modeling (SEM), in particular the multiple indicators and multiple causes (MIMIC) model, as well as reflective and formative indicators, the methodology developed by Diamantopoulos and Winklhofer is applied in order to construct this index. To clarify the whole meaning of the concept, the article undertakes a thorough review of literature on felt commitment and formative index development. Several MIMIC models are developed in order to validate the index. The empirical study was carried out in the financial services sector. 相似文献
989.
990.
应用Markov模型进行临床决策分析的思考 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
应用模型进行临床决策分析的研究日益增多,Markov模型就是近年来用于临床决策分析的一种.它优于传统的决策树分析方法,能应用于疾病预后影响因素的研究、筛查试验的评价、疾病治疗结局预测、纵向生命质量资料分析等多个方面.Markov模型用于临床决策分析,是创新思维的体现,是实事求是的典范,体现了认识的辩证过程. 相似文献