青少年罪犯焦虑抑郁特征研究

青少年罪犯存在抑郁症状的比例达74.5%以上,患焦虑症的比例为30.5%.引起青少年罪犯抑郁的因素有自罪、精神性焦虑、胃肠道症状、体重下降、迟滞与疑病;引起焦虑的因素有躯体性障碍、焦虑的心理障碍.     

Mass Murder: An Analysis of Extreme Violence

Mass murder involves the slaughter of four or more victims by one or a few assailants within a single event, lasting but a few minutes or as long as several hours. More than just arbitrary, using this minimum body count—as opposed to a two- or three-victim threshold suggested by others (e.g., Ressler et al., 1988, Holmes and Holmes, 2001)—helps to distinguish multiple killing from homicide generally. Moreover, by restricting our attention to acts committed by one or a few offenders, our working definition of multiple homicide also excludes highly organized or institutionalized killings (e.g., war crimes and large-scale acts of political terrorism as well as certain acts of highly organized crime rings). Although state-sponsored killings are important in their own right, they may be better explained through the theories and methods of political science than criminology. Thus, for example, the definition of multiple homicide would include the crimes committed by Charles Manson and his followers, but not those of Hitler's Third Reich, or the 9/11 terrorists, despite some similarities in the operations of authority.     

家庭伦理失范:青少年犯罪的重要原因

青少年犯罪的原因是复杂的、多方面的,分析和研究青少年犯罪现象,可以得出结论:家庭伦理道德的失范是青少年犯罪的重要原因。     

Elaboración de un modelo empírico sobre la realización de actividades delictivas en la mujer mediante la técnica del Rep-Test

RESUMEN

El objetivo de nuestra investigación era encontrar un modelo explicativo de la conducta delictiva de la mujer de carácter psicosocial (habida cuenta de la falta de la operatividad de las teorías encontradas), y que no fuera específico como tal de la delincuencia femenina. Para ello se emplea la técnica de la rejilla, pero sin las connotaciones de Kelly sobre la misma, puesto que el motivo de este trabajo no era estudiar la complejidad cognitiva. Se hipotetizó que encontrar este modelo era posible, pero no se formularon hipótesis dado el carácter correlational del estudio. A la vista de los resultados obtenidos, se constata que era necesaria la creación de dos modelos diferentes, según que las acciones cometidas por los sujetos sean de satisfacción individual, o de que sean de satisfacción grupal. Dichos modelos ponen de manifiesto que no es posible establecer distinciones entre sujetos delincuentes y no delincuentes.     

男性少年犯与同龄中学生人格特征的比较研究

采用加利福尼亚心理调查表(CPI-RC)对178男性少年犯和219名同龄男性中学生进行了测查。结果表明：(1)少年犯与同龄中学生的人格特征存在显著差异,少年犯的自我确认、社会价值内化、成就潜能、生活和社会态度、自我实现和个人整合水平都较同龄中学生差;(2)在人格类型上,少年犯与同龄中学生亦存在差异,少年犯的人格类型以常规异向居多。     

Violence Exposure and PTSD Among Delinquent Girls

Summary

This study focuses on the unique trauma histories of incarcerated girls. In particular, this study draws upon data obtained from 100 incarcerated adolescent girls, highlighting areas of similarity to and difference from incarcerated boys, including: overall levels of traumatic violence exposure, exposure to unique forms of traumatic violence, psychological symptomatology, and hypothesized trajectories of involvement in serious delinquent activity. In addition, a case example is presented to illustrate our hypotheses about the trajectories of adolescent girls' involvement in serious delinquent behavior, as well as the prominent role of early trauma histories and repeat victimization in these trajectories.     

More Alike than Different? Comparison of Formerly Incarcerated Youth with and Without Disabilities

We describe and compare the demographic characteristics of incarcerated youth with and without disabilities. These data were gathered as part of a 5-year longitudinal study that examined the experiences of 531 incarcerated youth from Oregons juvenile justice system as they left the correctional system on parole and returned to the community. Data on the demographic characteristics of the sample were gathered from files and through interviews conducted while the sample was still in state custody. We compared the two groups on 22 selected variables. Statistical comparisons indicated that the two groups were similar on most variables. The final statistical model indicated that participants with disabilities were more likely to have flunked a grade while in school, been committed to the juvenile correctional system for a person-related crime, and to have been last adjudicated for a felony in an urban setting. The implications of these findings for research and practice are discussed.