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261.
江新  房艳霞 《心理学报》2012,44(1):76-86
要求学习汉语的欧美和日本留学生对三种条件下(只有词没有语境、只有语境没有词、既有词也有语境)的语义半透明的双音复合词进行猜测, 考察语境和构词法线索在欧美和日本留学生汉语生词猜测中的作用。结果显示:在猜测词义中语境和构词法线索分别都能提供一定的信息, 但同时提供两种信息能得到更好的猜测; 语境和构词法线索在生词猜测过程中所起的作用不同, 语境能提供更多句法上的信息, 构词法能提供更多语义上的信息; 目标词的结构方式对生词猜测产生影响, 与动宾式生词相比, 偏正式生词的猜测较为容易且构词法线索在其中的作用较大; 母语文字背景可能影响词义猜测的效果, 日本留学生对于构词法、语境线索以及两者的整合都比欧美留学生好。  相似文献   
262.
在中国文化背景下,针对营利性组织中人际交往中互动公正的因素结构展开研究,通过实证调研、数据分析得出互动公正的二维结构,即尊重与认可、解释和领导方式,同时提出互动公正在人力资源管理实践中的指导意义。  相似文献   
263.
    
Traditional Confucian political culture (including its concepts, systems, practices and folk customs) has a legacy that deserves careful reconsideration today. Its theories, institutions, and practices address the source, legitimacy, division and balance, and restriction of political power. Confucian politics is a type of “moral politics” which sticks to what ought to be and what is justifiable, and holds that political power comes from Heaven, mandate of Heaven or Dao of Heaven, which implies that justification and standards rest with the people referring to scholars peasants, workers and merchants. This type of justification is rooted in the public space and the autonomous strength of the people, and it finds guidance in the involvement, supervision, and criticism of the class of scholar-bureaucrats (shi 士). In this article, Western political philosophy will be taken as a frame of reference for evaluating Confucian conception of justice as well as Confucian ideas of distribution, fairness of opportunity, caring kindness for “the least advantaged,” and institutional construction. It will argue that the leading characteristic of Confucian political theory is that of “substantive justice.”  相似文献   
264.
张雪  刘文  朱琳  张玉 《心理科学进展》2014,22(11):1740-1746
分配公平性是指个体如何以公平的方式对资源进行分配, 其主要依据3个原则:贡献(equity)、平等(equality)和需要(need)。最新研究表明, 幼儿很早就已经具有基于贡献原则的分配公平性判断与行为, 双加工理论对于该研究结果能够给出更为适当的解释, 心理理论与情境卷入水平分别从认知和情绪方面对幼儿分配公平性的发展有着重要影响。未来研究应注重研究内容的具体化, 对幼儿基于贡献原则的分配公平性发展特点、相关影响因素及其内部动机进行深入探究。  相似文献   
265.
采用问卷调查法,检验教师组织公平感与组织公民行为之间关系以及教师工作倦怠在二者之间的作用。通过对来自重庆和湖南郴州共32所中小学1325名教师的调查数据进行层次回归分析、中介效应检验和优势分析,结果显示:学校组织程序公平是教师组织公民行为的显著正向预测变量;教师工作倦怠是教师组织公民行为的显著负向预测变量;教师工作倦怠在教师组织公平感与其组织公民行为关系之间有显著的中介作用,其中热情枯竭和成就丧失的中介效应更为显著。  相似文献   
266.
RESUMEN

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto realizar una revisión histórica de la tradición cognitivista en la psicología social. Como se recoge en este artículo, la Psicología Social fue siempre, al menos en parte, cognitiva y en los últimos años más aún, constituyendo incluso lo que se ha venido en llamar Psicología Social Cognitiva. Es más, las relaciones de colaboración entre la Psicología Social y la Psicología Cognitiva han sido estrechísimas en los últimos años. Sin embargo, no todos los psicólogos sociales actuales aceptan esta unidad cognición social-cognición no social. También es importante resaltar que el enfoque cognitivo no es el único en la Psicología Social actual existiendo otros enfoques que resaltan otras facetas del ser humano, como son los factores transculturales, antropológicos, etc.  相似文献   
267.
    
《Ethics & behavior》2012,22(6):445-460
This article discusses the paradox of exclusion/inclusion: U.S. health policy prohibits Latinos who fall under certain classifications from accessing health services and insurance yet permits them to be “human subjects” in health research. We aim to advance the discussion of health research ethics post the Tuskegee syphilis experiment in Latinos by (a) tracing the impacts of policy exclusion and the social context of anti-Latino sentiment on Latinos' low participation rates in health research and inequitable access to treatment modalities; (b) challenging researchers to address social sources of vulnerabilities; and (c) offering recommendations on adapting a social justice ethical stance to address these challenges, which are part of the Tuskegee Study legacy.  相似文献   
268.
    
The term ‘People of the Book’ is utilized in the text of the Qur'an to refer to both Jews and Christians. The Qur'an employs some positive expressions regarding the People of the Book in various places, but it also sometimes seems to have a negative view of them in some respects. Q 5.51 (on taking Jews and Christians as allies) is one such negative reference. The prime concern of this article is to shed light on Q 5.51 with special reference to its historical context, and to illustrate how it has been interpreted by some exegetes from the classical and modern periods. It provides some key points for the understanding of this verse and similar verses in the light of the historical background, the context of the overall qur'anic message, and linguistic analysis with reference to some classical and modern exegetes.  相似文献   
269.
    
Protestant Christian ethicist Timothy Jackson and secular feminist philosopher Eva Feder Kittay each explore the relationship between love or care and justice through the lens of human dependency. Jackson sharply prioritizes agape over justice, whereas Kittay articulates a more complex and integrated understanding of the relationship of care and distributive justice. An account of Christian love and its relation to justice must account for the gratuity, mutuality, and reciprocity that pervade human existence. Such an account must integrate provision for another's basic needs, a feature of agape, with a distributive justice that fairly allocates the material prerequisites of care and the burden of caring labor. Kittay's treatment of care and justice is more adequate to the realities of human embodiment and the social organization of care than Jackson's, but neither offers a fully adequate ground for the moral personhood of all human beings, including deeply dependent persons.  相似文献   
270.
    
Gender expansive youth, including trans and non-binary (TNB) individuals, encounter unique challenges in educational contexts, often marked by hostility, exclusion, and discrimination. This research, adopting the social justice youth development (SJYD) framework, aims to investigate the challenges experienced in Italian secondary schools, amplifying the voices of TNB activists. A total of 15 activists (average age 23.8), comprising 5 trans men, 2 trans women and 8 non-binary individuals, were recruited. Most identified as White Italian, with one of Italian-African descent and one multiracial. Interviews collected participants' perceptions of barriers and areas for improvement in school contexts. Reflexive thematic analysis confirmed schools as challenging contexts for TNB identities, highlighting critical flaws in the educational system, such as macro- and micro-aggressions, insufficient knowledge among teachers and staff to support gender expansive students, and a tendency to systematically exclude LGBTQIA+ culture-related content from curricula. Participants reported engaging in individual and collective activism, striving to adapt and transform educational environments into inclusive spaces for gender identity exploration. Activism stemmed from a sense of responsibility to enhance the well-being and recognition of the TNB community. Practical implications for school community practices and policies, informed by the SJYD framework in dialogue with participants' experiences, are proposed. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.  相似文献   
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