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111.
Toni Rønnow-Rasmussen 《The Journal of Ethics》2007,11(4):405-435
It is argued that the so-called fitting attitude- or buck-passing pattern of analysis may be applied to personal values too
(and not only to impersonal values, which is the standard analysandum) if the analysans is fine-tuned in the following way: An object has personal value for a person a, if and only if there is reason to favour it for a’s sake (where “favour” is a place-holder for different pro-responses that are called for by the value bearer). One benefit
with it is its wide range: different kinds of values are analysable by the same general formula. Moreover, by situating the
distinguishing quality in the attitude rather than the reason part, the analysis admits that personal value is recognizable
as a value not only by the person for whom it has personal value, but for everyone else too. We thereby avoid facing two completely
different notions of value, viz., one pertaining to impersonal value, and another to personal value. The analysis also elucidates
why we are (at least pro tanto) justified in our concern for objects that are valuable for us; if value just is, as it is suggested, the existence of reasons for such a concern, the justification is immediately forthcoming. 相似文献
112.
The Self-Regulation of Motivation Model suggests that the experience of interest is an important source of human motivation
and that people often strategically regulate the experience of interest. Previous work based on this model suggests that the
social context may influence this process at multiple points. The present research focuses on whether talking to others about
an activity experience is one means by which individuals evaluate how interesting that activity is. In Study 1 college students
completed questionnaires that asked about real life experiences where working on an activity was more interesting because
they worked with others. They described experiences that occurred first in any domain, and then that occurred specifically
in the school domain. Results suggested that the more students talked with others about the activity after it happened the more they reported greater interest in the activity after the conversations. In the school domain, this was
especially true for Latinos and for individuals who scored higher on the Relational Self-Construal scale. Study 2 employed
a lab paradigm to control for the task that individuals talked to others about and to examine whether the nature of listeners’
reactions influenced the speaker’s interest even after the study was ostensibly over. First, replicating Pasupathi and Rich
(2005, ‘Inattentive listening undermines self-verification in personal storytelling’, Journal of Personality 73, pp. 1051–1086)
college students who talked to a distracted friend about a computer game during the lab session reported a significant drop
in interest relative to those who talked to attentive friends, regardless of whether the attentive listeners agreed or disagreed
with participants. Importantly, interest ratings at a 4–6 week follow-up were affected by the perceived responsiveness of
listeners during spontaneous conversational retellings outside the lab, controlling for interest levels at the end of the
lab session. Taken together, results suggest that social interaction plays an important role in regulating activity interest
even beyond the immediate activity experience. 相似文献
113.
学习不良儿童的元认知偏差:内部线索的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过改变实验材料内部线索,旨在考察内部线索在学习不良儿童元认知偏差形成过程中的影响。实验1发现,学习不良儿童低关联字对的元认知偏差显著高于一般儿童,关联强度对学习判断的影响显著小于对测试成绩的影响;实验2发现,学习不良儿童反向方向字对的元认知偏差显著高于一般儿童,关联方向对学习判断的影响显著小于对测试成绩的影响。综合以上研究发现,相对一般儿童,学习不良儿童存在更大的元认知偏差,内部线索对学习判断和测试成绩的影响不一致模式适用于两组儿童。 相似文献
114.
自我决定理论认为,内部动机是主观幸福感的重要影响因素。为了探究大学生专业内部动机与主观幸福感的内部机制,研究者使用专业内部动机问卷、专业投入问卷、主观专业成就问卷、主观幸福感问卷对3527名在校大学生进行了调查。研究结果表明:(1)专业内部动机正向预测主观幸福感;(2)专业投入在专业内部动机与主观幸福感之间起中介作用;(3) 主观专业成就在专业内部动机与主观幸福感之间起中介作用;(4)专业投入和主观专业成就在专业内部动机和主观幸福感之间起链式中介效应。据此得出结论:专业投入和主观专业成就在专业内部动机和主观幸福感之间起链式中介效应。 相似文献
115.
116.
117.
《The Journal of social psychology》2012,152(6):620-629
ABSTRACTWe examined generational differences in reasons for attending college among a nationally representative sample of college students (N = 8 million) entering college between 1971–2014. We validated the items on reasons for attending college against an established measure of extrinsic and intrinsic values among college students in 2014 (n = 189). Millennials (in college 2000s–2010s) and Generation X (1980s–1990s) valued extrinsic reasons for going to college (“to make more money”) more, and anti-extrinsic reasons (“to gain a general education and appreciation of ideas”) less than Boomers when they were the same age in the 1960s–1970s. Extrinsic reasons for going to college were higher in years with more income inequality, college enrollment, and extrinsic values. These results mirror previous research finding generational increases in extrinsic values begun by GenX and continued by Millennials, suggesting that more recent generations are more likely to favor extrinsic values in their decision-making. 相似文献
118.
This study examines the relationships between intrinsic/extrinsic aspirations and subjective well‐being (SWB; positive affect, negative affect, satisfaction with life) in a sample of 583 Spanish adults. Firstly, the results showed that high scores for SWB are related to high scores for intrinsic aspirations and, to a lesser extent, to low scores for extrinsic aspirations; it was also found that intrinsic aspirations are mainly related to positive indicators of well‐being, whereas extrinsic aspirations are mainly associated with negative indicators. Secondly, the study also enabled exploration of the links between the domains of the Five‐Factor Model and aspirations; thirdly, the results showed that intrinsic/extrinsic aspirations predict SWB beyond the Five Factors. The results demonstrate the importance of studying the content of human aspirations for understanding psychological health. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
119.
This research investigates 266 business students' panel data across 4 time periods and tests a theoretical model involving intrinsic religiosity, the love of money (Time 1), Machiavellianism (Time 2), and propensity to engage in unethical behaviors (PUB; Times 3 and 4). There was a short ethics intervention between Times 3 and 4. We identified good apples and bad apples using the PUB measure collected at Time 4. From Time 3 to Time 4, good apples became more ethical, whereas bad apples became less ethical after the ethics intervention. Moreover, for the whole sample, intrinsic religiosity deterred unethical intentions not only directly but also indirectly through the absence of Machiavellianism. Before the ethics intervention, intrinsic religiosity curbed unethical intention directly for good apples but indirectly for bad apples. After the intervention, only the indirect effect was significant for bad apples. Intrinsic religiosity offers us hope to open the hearts of the lost sheep and bring them home. Research results were discussed in light of this study's theoretical, empirical, and practical contributions; Judeo-Christian ethics and values; challenging roles of educators and executives in educating Gen-Yers; creating a sea change of the ethical social norm in schools, organizations, and society, or ethical community building, and promoting ethical behavior; and future directions for research. 相似文献
120.
Robert Britton Arrowood Cathy R. Cox Maddie Weinstock Jill Hoffman 《Mental health, religion & culture》2013,16(5):534-545
ABSTRACTThe present study examined the role of internalised religious beliefs in defending against existential concerns aroused from a creaturely Jesus. Prior work has found that biologically human traits (e.g., vomiting, sweating, etc.) can increase death concerns when applied to both humans and a god. Intrinsic beliefs, however, have been shown to reduce mortality awareness. In the current study, religious participants were primed with thoughts of either a human or neutral Jesus followed by a single item measure about fear of death. A moderated regression analysis found that whereas high intrinsic individuals were buffered from existential concerns, low intrinsic individuals experienced a greater fear of death when primed with a human Jesus. These results replicate prior work within terror management theory and the psychology of religion suggesting that internalised beliefs serve a protective function against existential anxieties. 相似文献