阿司匹林与其他抗血小板及抗凝药物的合用

动脉粥样硬化性血栓形成是引起心脑血管疾病发生、发展的关键因素。简单而有效的防治方法是合理应用阿司匹林与其他抗血小板及抗凝药物,可以大幅度减少病死率或致残率。阿司匹林既是防治心脑血管疾病的基石,同时也是抗栓治疗的基石,阿司匹林与其他抗血小板或抗凝药物合用,成为抗栓治疗的重要组成部分。抗栓治疗是一柄双刃剑,在临床实际工作中必须合理、有效、正确地应用。有效抗栓治疗同时,尽量避免出血并发症。     

宫腔镜诊治宫腔内疾病的价值

宫腔镜技术在诊断和治疗宫腔内疾病方面已经有着不可替代的地位。对比过去的B超以及诊刮,宫腔镜加诊刮是诊断宫腔内疾病的金指标。宫腔镜电切手术也是宫腔粘连、子宫畸形的最佳手术方式。临床医生应有系统的观点,以循证医学模式为指导,充分尊重患者的意愿,个性化地将这项技术应用于患者。     

古埃及医治心理疾病的方法透析

宗教文化是古埃及文明的重要组成部分,对古埃及心理医学产生了重要影响。为预防心理疾病,保障身心健康,古埃及人发明了一整套预防和医治心理疾病的方法。屏弃其中的迷信成分,这些疗法对于我们今天心理医学的发展、个人心态的调整与和谐社会的构建,仍有借鉴意义。     

解读《恶性肿瘤骨转移及骨相关疾病临床诊疗专家共识》

肿瘤专业工作者不仅要关注患者的抗癌治疗,同时也要关注他们的康复与姑息治疗,骨转移是肿瘤患者的常见转移病灶。《恶性肿瘤骨转移及骨相关疾病临床诊疗专家共识》（2007年版）适时地对恶性肿瘤骨转移及骨相关疾病提出了指导性意见,体现了肿瘤的综合治疗原则,其特点为：（1）多学科合作的结晶;（2）以高级别循证医学证据为基础;（3）突出了实践性和可操作性。和一切“诊断规范”一样,《共识》一方面对指导肿瘤科及其他相关科室医师们的临床实践发挥积极作用,同时又需要在实践中继续得到检验。     

Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Genetic Testing: A Two Year Follow-Up Study in Patients with Asthma,Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease

Adequate knowledge and personal attitudes towards DNA-testing are major determinants of optimal utilization of genetic testing. This study aims to (1) assess the genetic knowledge and attitude towards genetic testing of patients with asthma, diabetes mellitus type II and cardiovascular diseases, (2) determine whether their knowledge or attitude changed since 2002, and (3) investigate the predictive role of knowledge on attitude. Data were collected within the Panel of Patients with Chronic Diseases in 2002 and 2004, resulting in 398 data-pairs. Results show that factual knowledge mainly relates to associations between genes and diseases, less is known on associations between genes, chromosomes, cells and body. The perceived knowledge on DNA-testing has not increased since 2002. The attitude towards genetic testing also appeared to be rather consistent. Less perceived medical genetic knowledge and more perceived social genetic knowledge were found predictive for a more reserved attitude towards genetic testing. In conclusion, advanced developments in the field of genetics are not accompanied by increased knowledge of patients with common multi-factorial diseases. The finding that more perceived social genetic knowledge results in more reluctance can be considered an indicator for the necessity of social debates on genetic testing.     

心理应激与DNA损害

心理应激不仅能使人的行为特征发生变化,而且也能使人的生理状况发生改变,因此,被认为是某些身心疾病的诱因。在此过程中,DNA损害是心理应激造成的最终结果之一。有关DNA损害,虽然以往的研究者以人或动物为对象进行了一系列急性应激和慢性应激的实验研究,但是,心理应激是如何造成DNA损害的过程还不清楚,具体的生理心理机制还未阐明。该文利用健康心理学提出的理论模型对此进行了分析,阐述了心理应激与DNA损害之间联系的可能的机制,强调了氧化应激在这一过程中的重要作用。同时,为临床制订预防疾病的干预措施提供了思路     

‘Sluts’ or ‘Sleazy Little Animals’?: Young People's Difficulties with Carrying and Using Condoms

Qualitative data from a Western Australian study of sexual behaviour in young people were used to describe difficulties experienced in carrying and using condoms. Both men and women were concerned for their sexual reputation if they carried condoms, although this was more of a problem for the women than the men. However, these fears were not matched by the attitudes of the opposite gender: in general, there was less negativity about condom-carrying than was feared. Many of those who described using condoms had experienced condom failure and other difficulties, and it appeared that they were unfamiliar with the correct way to use condoms. It is suggested that many of these barriers to condom use can be removed with appropriate education and information strategies.     

铁过度负荷与疾病

铁是机体微量元素中含量最多的一种,是血红蛋白、肌红蛋白、细胞色素系统、呼吸链的主要复合物、过氧物酶和过氧化氢酶等的重要组成部分,广泛参与机体生理功能和生化反应,缺铁可导致贫血等疾病。体内铁过多,称为铁过度负荷。随着医疗条件改善、生活水平提高,源于生理性因素、病理性因素和外源性铁剂应用(治疗性应用、预防性应用),铁过度负荷相关疾病日益增多。铁过度负荷可对内分泌代谢、心血管、神经系统、肾脏、肝脏等系统器官产生损害,导致多种疾病或使疾病加重。目前铁过度负荷相关疾病的治疗措施主要有放血疗法和药物治疗。放血疗法,只可作于短期治疗。去铁胺作为目前较为有效的去铁剂,由于价格昂贵,不能广泛应用于临床。铁过度负荷对人体的影响和相关疾病尚未外起医学界的重视。深入研究以铁过度负荷为主要和次要病因相关疾病,探索正确补铁措施,是预防铁过度负荷相关疾病、增进人体健康的重要措施,也是临床面临床的新课题。     

试论张仲景辩病结合辩证的辨证论治方法的先进性

张仲景辩病结合辩证的辨证论治方法,与现代医学认识疾病的思想非常近似,通过比较现代医学认识疾病思想与张仲景疾病认识概念在疾病诊治过程中的相似性,为研究<金匮要略>古代疾病与西医现代病的对应性结合、提高病证结合论治在临床的效验,有很大意义.     

消化系统疾病与精神心理因素的辩证关系

消化系统疾病与精神心理因素相互影响,其相互作用呈现个体化差异,这与个体间的内环境以及外环境差别有关。主要病理生理学机制之一为"脑-肠轴"及"脑肠互动"学说。临床医生需要认识到二者之间辩证关系的普遍性和重要性,及时发现躯体症状背后潜藏的精神心理问题,综合运用各种心理干预和药物治疗手段。