Emotional Intelligence and Interpersonal Relations

Abstract

In 7 studies, the authors examined the link between emotional intelligence and interpersonal relations. In Studies 1 and 2, the participants with higher scores for emotional intelligence had higher scores for empathic perspective taking and self-monitoring in social situations. In Study 3, the participants with higher scores for emotional intelligence had higher scores for social skills. In Study 4, the participants with higher scores for emotional intelligence displayed more cooperative responses toward partners. In Study 5, the participants with higher scores for emotional intelligence had higher scores for close and affectionate relationships. In Study 6, the participants' scores for marital satisfaction were higher when they rated their marital partners higher for emotional intelligence. In Study 7, the participants anticipated greater satisfaction in relationships with partners described as having emotional intelligence.     

Social Comparison Orientation Moderates the Effects of Group Membership on the Similarity-Attraction Relationship

ABSTRACT

The present study examined how the similarity-attraction relationship is affected by a combination of the tendency to compare oneself to other people (Social Comparison Orientation, SCO) and group membership. We expected that high-SCO individuals would prefer similar to dissimilar others only when the target belonged to their in-group and was relevant for the evaluation of their self-concept. It was also expected that among low-SCO individuals who are more certain about the self and less concerned about “being evaluated,” a main effect of attitude similarity would appear, regardless of the group membership of the target. Results partially support these predictions and suggest that further research should be carried out into the combined effects of individual and group variables in the attraction literature.     

Systems Theory,Family Attachments and Processes of Triangulation: Does the Concept of Triangulation Offer a Useful Bridge?

This article reviews the usefulness of the systemic concept of triangulation as a bridge between systemic thinking and practice and attachment theory. Traditionally attachment theory has theorized and researched with dyads, parent‐child and adult romantic partners, whereas systemic theory has worked therapeutically with the triangle as the basic human relationship; that is, when any two people interact, their interactions are influenced by their respective relationships with the same third person. Here it is argued, for example, that a child's attachment representations are shaped not only by the relationship with each parent but with the relationship between them. Thus, the process of triangulation in intimate relationships is seen in this article to link attachment theory with systemic thinking, as systemic theory needs a theory of love and attachment theory needs to consider how intimate relationships are nested and interconnected in an attachment network.     

心理健康素质测评系统·中国成年人人际健康素质量表的编制

在文献分析和专家评定的基础之上,构建了人际健康素质的基本结构,并编制了初始的中国成年人人际健康素质问卷。然后通过项目区分度分析和验证性因素分析对初始问卷进行了修订,最终形成了包括合群性、亲仁性、利他性、共情性和友善性5个维度的正式量表。结果表明,人际健康素质量表具有较高的内部一致性信度、重测信度和分半信度以及较好的内容效度、结构效度、校标关联效度和会聚效度。结论：人际健康素质量表具有较好的心理测量学特征,可以作为中国成年人人际健康素质的心理测量工具。     

The Compromise Effect in Choosing for Others

Most research into the compromise effect focuses on cognitive factors related to choosing for oneself. However, there are daily opportunities to make choices for others, from helping friends to buy merchandise to choosing souvenirs for relatives. Although it is a common practice, choosing for others is rarely discussed in the literature. Hence, this research is directed to determine whether (i) the compromise effect is greater for people choosing for others with whom one has a distant relationship compared to choosing for themselves, (ii) the decision maker's susceptibility to interpersonal relationships, accountability, and anticipated regret moderate the relationship between choosing for others versus choosing for themselves and the compromise effect, and (iii) the confidence of the decision maker mediates the relationship between deciding for others and the compromise effect. Five hypotheses are proposed and they are supported by the results from four experiments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence in Mainland China

To validate the consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence (SUSCEP) scale in China, questionnaires were administered to 1114 adult employees and 350 university students. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence scale had a stable three‐factor structure (i.e. the utilitarian, value‐expressive, and informational dimensions) in both samples, while the original two‐factor structure could not be retrieved. Using Chinese samples, the consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence scale and its three sub‐scales demonstrated acceptable internal reliability, as well as convergent and discriminant validity. Positive correlations between the consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence scale (as well as its sub‐scales) and attention to social comparison information also indicated good convergent validity. The distinction between utilitarian dimension and value‐expression dimension in Chinese samples as well as the non‐significant correlations of the utilitarian dimension with self‐esteem and the informational dimension with self‐esteem revealed cultural differences between the East and the West.     

触觉的情绪功能及其神经生理机制

触觉是个体探知外部世界的重要感觉通道,其情绪功能在维系社会联结、促进人际沟通等方面具有重要作用。触觉的情绪功能一方面表现为通过触觉动作本身直接传递情绪信息,另一方面则是通过增强注意和锐化社会评价的方式促进个体对跨通道情绪信息的加工。神经生理学研究发现,触觉情绪信息由无髓鞘C纤维介导,经脊髓丘脑束通路投射于岛叶(头面部触觉情绪信息的传导路径尚不明确),并在杏仁核、内侧前额叶、后颞上沟等"社会脑"网络的核心区域被精细加工。未来还应对触觉情绪的人际依赖性、文化独特性、操作标准化,及其在神经水平上与感觉-辨识系统间的关联性与独立性做深入探究。     

儿童的人际运动同步

人际运动同步是一种“社会胶粘剂”,能促进儿童产生更多的亲社会行为。儿童的人际运动同步能力随着年龄的增长不断提升,其同步表现受到运动方式、节奏刺激类型、同步对象等因素影响。在人际运动同步过程中,时间感知、运动计划和运动执行三大认知因素参与其中,既制约着个体同步能力的发展,也影响个体同步的表现。孤独症作为一种神经发育性障碍,孤独症儿童表现出异常的人际运动同步。未来的研究不仅要探讨孤独症儿童人际运动同步的异常机制,还要更多关注人际运动同步训练在孤独症群体中的实际应用和干预效果。     

人际感恩对关系维持的影响

尽管关系维持策略对形成良好的人际关系和增强个人福祉有着重要意义,但也增加了个体被拒绝的风险和痛苦。以往研究已经发现人际感恩一方面能在关系面临威胁时激活威胁缓冲策略修复人际关系,另一方面也能在威胁解除时激活关系增强策略建立和促进人际关系,但人际感恩也增加了使用非适应关系维持策略的可能。此外,自我评价和他人评价有助于解释人际感恩的关系维持功能。未来研究应从二元互动视角考察人际感恩的关系维持功能;从多元评价视角考察自我评价和他人评价在人际感恩对关系维持的影响中扮演的角色;并结合多种研究方法拓展人际感恩的关系维持功能研究。