临床医生如何应对社会发展对医疗的影响

目前我国的网络及教育均有了长足的进步,信息量迅速增加,信息技术得到了充分的发展,人们获取信息的手段更加便捷,信息不对称较以前有了很大的变化,这些都对医学产生了重大的影响。临床医生必须及时认识到这种变化及发展,及时改变自己的学习、思维及医疗行为模式,这样才能根据不同情况做出最适合的医疗决策,才能更好地履行自己的职责。     

网络对青少年学生自尊和自我和谐的影响研究

本研究用自尊量表和自我和谐量表对345名中学生自尊及自我和谐与不同上网次数的学生之间的心理关系进行测量。结果表明,网络在学生的自我和谐和自尊的发展总体不存在显著差异。方差分析和回归分析结果表明从不上网、偶尔上网和经常上网三类学生在自尊与自我和谐的发展各有特点。这提示我们应该辩证地认识网络的作用,相信青少年是有思考力的群体,在对待三类不同的学生采取不同的教育措施。     

Personality,Motivation, and Internet Gaming Disorder: Conceptualizing the Gamer

Using a group correlational design and path analysis, the authors examined the relationships among personality, motivation, and internet gaming disorder (IGD). Findings showed that significant predictors of IGD included male gender, neurotic and introverted personality traits, and motivation related to achievement.     

Exploring the Online Communicative Themes of Child Sex Offenders

This exploratory study aimed to examine online communications between contact reality and non‐contact fantasy child sex offenders (CSOs). This research wanted to ascertain whether it was possible to differentiate between these offenders based on the content of their online communications, something which has not previously been examined. The sample consisted of five contact reality and seven non‐contact fantasy offenders, all convicted of a Child Sex Offence. Content analysis revealed 26 them. Results showed that non‐contact fantasy offenders discussed Adult sexual relationships significantly more than contact reality offenders. All other comparisons were non‐significant. The themes were then grouped into five higher order themes: (i) Adult relationships, (ii) Child sexual interest, (iii) Media, (iv) Sexual self, and (v) Rapport. The average largest proportion of the online communication related to Child sexual interest (34%) followed by Rapport (28%). There were no significant differences between the two types of offenders in relation to these five higher order themes. Explanations for the findings are discussed with implications for police investigations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

What motivates men to offer sperm donation via the internet?

To investigate why men offer sperm donation via the internet, a questionnaire was disseminated via 39 Dutch-language websites thought to be visited by potential sperm donors. Nine internet donors completed the survey, men who typically knew the women they were donating to. Their responses were compared with those of a control group of 35 general sperm bank donors who were recruited using flyers in Dutch sperm banks, and who were typically unaware of the identity of the eventual recipients. The findings shed light on the motives and attitudes of internet donors. Both groups of donors indicated that their primary motivation for donating was altruism (>80% of all respondents). However, internet donors had a more pronounced desire to procreate than sperm bank donors (6 out of 9, i.e. 66 vs. 22%, respectively) and more often felt that they had good genes they wished to pass on (5 out of 9, i.e. 55 vs. 31%, respectively). The main reason internet donors gave for donating via the internet was that they wanted to know the prospective parents and be kept up to date on the progress of the offspring conceived from their donations. This distinguishes them significantly from sperm bank donors. A further finding was that they were not prompted to avoid the formal donation circuit for which, by law in the Netherlands, pregnancies resulting from donations have to be registered in a central database. This study is subject to several, in some cases inevitable, limitations, but it provides an interesting starting point that future studies can seek to confirm and extend.     

The testing environment as an explanation for unproctored internet‐based testing device‐type effects

Device‐type effects on cognitive tests appear to covary with whether unproctored internet‐based test (UIT) scores were obtained operationally or nonoperationally. The present study examined whether the testing environment and distractions therein—one of three contextual factors identified as plausible explanations—accounts for this covariation. Four‐hundred and twenty‐five college students were randomly assigned to one of three conditions which differed by the testing environment and device used to complete a cognitive test. Test scores did not differ between conditions despite greater distractions reported by those who tested in the distracting environment. Results were replicated within‐study, and suggest that the self‐selection and testing‐stakes hypotheses warrant subsequent empirical examination as explanations for the differences in device‐type effects observed in operational and nonoperational settings.     

网易云音乐不同人格用户的网络行为及歌词偏好特征分析

本研究通过网络爬虫技术获取在线音乐用户网络行为与歌词文本数据,并结合大五人格问卷进行分析,旨在探讨用户的人格与网络行为、歌词偏好特征之间的相关模式。结果：（1）用户的人格特质与平台网络行为特征呈弱相关;（2）用户的人格特质与歌词文本的词类分布、关键词特征呈弱相关,用户歌词文本的关键词特征在一定程度上符合其人格特点。     

青少年网络行为自我调控量表的编制及效度验证*

在文献查阅、访谈、问卷调查的基础上编制了《网络行为自我调控量表》,量表的六个维度:网瘾认知、卷入性情绪自控、网络卷入体验、网络行为调控。该量表具备良好的信度和结构效度。以青少年病理性网络使用量表(APIUS)为关联效标,发现网络行为自我调控水平与成瘾倾向呈显著负相关,成瘾组与非成瘾组在自我调控量表得分上差异显著,支持了量表的实证效度。该量表经进一步检验和完善后可作为评鉴青少年网络行为自我调控能力的有效工具。     

网络相关文字刺激和压力对网络成瘾者线索诱发渴求的影响

渴求感特别是线索诱发渴求是成瘾行为维持和戒断失败的主要原因。本研究通过两个实验分别探讨了网络相关文字刺激和压力对网络成瘾者线索诱发渴求的影响。研究一以25名网络成瘾大学生为被试,以网络相关和中性词语为实验材料,采用线索暴露范式（Cue-reactivity Paradigm）的研究发现,只有网络相关文字刺激能显著诱发网络成瘾者的渴求感。在此基础上,研究二以40名网络成瘾大学生为被试,以公开演讲范式为压力诱发情境,以网络相关词语和中性词语为实验材料,采用线索暴露范式（Cue-reactivity Paradigm）的研究发现,在压力条件下,网络相关文字能诱发网络成瘾者更为强烈的渴求感。本研究深化了对网络成瘾形成维持心理机制的研究,也为网络成瘾的干预矫正提供了思路。     

网络成瘾倾向者对负性表情注意的脱离困难

采用Young编制的IAT量表从382名青少年中筛选出网络成瘾倾向者15名,非网络成瘾控制组被试18名,利用视觉搜索范式比较了两组被试对真人面孔和卡通面孔表情的注意偏向差异。结果表明：（1）在注意快速定向阶段,当要求被试快速准确地从中性面孔矩阵中搜索高兴或者愤怒面孔时,相较于控制组被试,网络成瘾倾向者搜索愤怒面孔更迅速,尤其表现为对卡通愤怒面孔的快速定向优势;（2）在注意的维持和脱离阶段,当在愤怒或高兴面孔矩阵中搜索中性面孔时,相较于控制组被试,网络成瘾倾向者在更具威胁性的真人愤怒面孔矩阵中最难脱离。结论：网络成瘾倾向者具有负性注意偏向特点,表现为对负性表情具有快速定向和解脱困难。且相较于控制组被试,网络成瘾倾向者对卡通面孔注意定向更快而更难从真人愤怒面孔矩阵中脱离,也说明了其注意偏向主要为对负性信息的注意解除困难。