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31.
Crewmember performance before, during, and after spaceflight 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kelly TH Hienz RD Zarcone TJ Wurster RM Brady JV 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2005,84(2):227-241
The development of technologies for monitoring the welfare of crewmembers is a critical requirement for extended spaceflight. Behavior analytic methodologies provide a framework for studying the performance of individuals and groups, and brief computerized tests have been used successfully to examine the impairing effects of sleep, drug, and nutrition manipulations on human behavior. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility and sensitivity of repeated performance testing during spaceflight. Four National Aeronautics and Space Administration crewmembers were trained to complete computerized questionnaires and performance tasks at repeated regular intervals before and after a 10-day shuttle mission and at times that interfered minimally with other mission activities during spaceflight. Two types of performance, Digit-Symbol Substitution trial completion rates and response times during the most complex Number Recognition trials, were altered slightly during spaceflight. All other dimensions of the performance tasks remained essentially unchanged over the course of the study. Verbal ratings of Fatigue increased slightly during spaceflight and decreased during the postflight test sessions. Arousal ratings increased during spaceflight and decreased postflight. No other consistent changes in rating-scale measures were observed over the course of the study. Crewmembers completed all mission requirements in an efficient manner with no indication of clinically significant behavioral impairment during the 10-day spaceflight. These results support the feasibility and utility of computerized task performances and questionnaire rating scales for repeated measurement of behavior during spaceflight. 相似文献
32.
Low informant agreement is of particular concern in clinical settings, since diagnoses and interventions are largely based on reports from parents and/or youths. This study explores youth-parent consistencies in an at-risk sample of youths (n = 42), several from immigrant and refugee families, all with stressful background experiences. Data from a community sample (n = 165) was used to contrast the clinical results. Results showed that correlations between clinical youths and parents were within the same range as those in the community sample. Consistencies concerning absolute level of behavior were higher in the clinical sample. However, interesting differences in informant consistencies were found on difficulties and resources between the two samples. This study adds to the picture that there is no simple relationship between severity of behavior deviance and informant agreement. Asking about behavioral resources as well as difficulties may provide valuable additional information regarding differences in the perspectives of at-risk youths and parents. 相似文献
33.
Ric?G.?SteeleEmail author Jill?S.?Nesbitt-Daly Robert?C.?Daniel Rex?Forehand 《Journal of child and family studies》2005,14(4):535-549
We evaluated the relative goodness-of-fit of two factor structures of the Parenting Scale (Arnold, O'Leary, Wolf, {&} Acker,
1993) among two samples of low-income African American families. Participants included 271 mother-child dyads from urban and
rural areas in the southern and southeastern US, who completed the Parenting Scale along with other measures of parenting
style and dyadic relationship. Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) indicated that a two-factor solution, comprising Laxness
and Overreactivity dimensions, was the better fit to the data. Some direct evidence for convergent validity was provided by
a correlation between the Laxness factor of the Parenting Scale and the Firm/Lax Control subscale of the Children's Report
of Parenting Behavior Inventory (CRPBI). Results are discussed in term of Brody and Flor's (1998) “no nonsense” parenting
style. 相似文献
34.
儿童自我控制学生自陈表的编制 总被引:10,自引:3,他引:7
本研究的目的是制定一套测量儿童自我控制能力的自陈式量表,在认知、行为、情绪、社会交往四个主要范畴内编定题目,经过项目分析、因素分析,认为测量儿童自我控制能力的量表包含学习行为、情绪、耐受性和独立性以及生活习惯四个方面的内容,还进一步分析了儿童自我控制的年级差异和性别差异,本量表的信度、效度都较好。 相似文献
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深入了解我省社区卫生服务发展中存在的问题,随机抽样,现场调查。调查分析发现,社区卫生工作在我省呈现出蓬勃发展的趋势,但也暴露出了许多新的问题。应继续加强人才队伍建设,加强对社区卫生服务机构的监管,依法严格社区卫生服务机构、从业人员和技术的准入管理,制定细化的技术规范、操作规程,建立系统的考核标准、评价体系。 相似文献
40.
Christian H. Werner Min Tang Joachim Kruse James C. Kaufman Matthias Spörrle 《创造性行为杂志》2014,48(4):254-275
The present study examines the factor structure of a Chinese version of the Revised Creativity Domain Questionnaire (CDQ‐R; Kaufman, Waterstreet, Ailaouni, Whitcomb, Roe, & Riggs, 2009) as well as its relation to Big Five personality traits within a Chinese sample (N = 787). Analyses indicate the appropriateness of the Chinese version of the CDQ‐R in terms of internal consistency, factorial validity as well as convergent and divergent validity concerning the Big Five personality factors. Revealing some culture‐specific variation, confirmatory factor analysis indicated a slight superiority of a five‐factor model for this Chinese sample over the existing four‐factor model established with American samples. This higher level of differentiation in terms of one factor of the creativity domain could be explained on the basis of the specific characteristics of the Chinese culture. 相似文献