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61.
Miguel Sánchez-Mazas 《Argumentation》1989,3(1):75-96
The aim of this study is to try to make use of real numbers for representing an infinite analysis of individual notions in an infinity of possible worlds.As an introduction to the subject, the author shows, firstly, the possibility of representing Boole's lattice of universal notions by an associate Boole's lattice of rational numbers.But, in opposition to the universal notions, definable by a finite number of predicates, an individual notion, cannot (as Leibniz pointed out) admits this sort of definition, because each state of an individual subject is characterized by the values (present or absent, applicable or inapplicable) taken by an infinite number of predicates, each of whom may appear or disappear in the next state.The notion of degree of identification of an individual notion is then introduced and arithmetized by a rational number.As an individual notion can be defined by a convergent succession of degrees of identification, the real characteristic number of such an individual notion can be defined by the corresponding convergent succession of rational numbers, satisfying Cauchy's conditions for the convergence of successions.
Essai de représentation par des nombres réels d'une analyse infinite des notions individuelles dans une infinité de mondes possibles相似文献
62.
63.
Philip Hefner 《Zygon》1994,29(4):507-528
Abstract. The question of whether nature can embody love or be considered in this sense as "friend" is a thorny problem for Christian theology. The doctrines of finitude and sin argue against nature as a realm of love, whereas the doctrine of creation out of nothing, which links God and the creation so forcefully, would seem to argue for such a view of nature. This paper explores the thesis that Western culture has not offered a concept of nature rich enough to allow for an understanding of it as a domain of gracious-ness. From pre-Socratic times through the Enlightenment and the rise of modern science, nature was conceived of as a realm of defect or lacking in creative possibilities. Christian theology has consistently spoken of nature in terms that defy the limitations of the authorized views proposed by the ambient Western cultures. The present times, under the influence of the sciences, have furnished for the first time an authorized concept of nature that is large enough and dynamic enough to entertain the dimension of grace. Consequently, ours is a time of great promise for developing a more adequate theology of nature. 相似文献
64.
Edward J. Bedrick 《Psychometrika》1997,62(2):191-199
We present a simple approximation to the conditional distribution of goodness-of-fit statistics for the Rasch model, assuming that the item difficulties are known. The approximation is easily programmed, and gives relatively accurate assessments of conditionalp-values for tests of length 10 or more. A few generalizations are discussed. 相似文献
65.
杜治政 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2005,(13)
医患关系紧张的原因首先是来自看病贵,而看病贵则主要源于大医院的无限急速扩张。约束大医院的无限扩张冲动,是建立和谐医患关系的重中之重。 相似文献
66.
Some philosophers have tried to establish a connection between the normativity of instrumental rationality and the paradox
presented by Lewis Carroll in his 1895 paper “What the Tortoise Said to Achilles.” I here examine and argue against accounts
of this connection presented by Peter Railton and James Dreier before presenting my own account and discussing its implications
for instrumentalism (the view that all there is to practical rationality is instrumental rationality). In my view, the potential
for a Carroll-style regress just shows us that since instrumental rationality involves a higher-order commitment to combine
our willing an end with our taking the necessary means, it therefore cannot, on pain of regress, itself be added as a conjunct
to one of the elements to be combined. This view does not support instrumentalism. 相似文献
67.
The psychologist who is not a psychologist: a deconstructive reading of Wolfgang Giegerich's idea of psychology proper
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Stanton Marlan 《The Journal of analytical psychology》2016,61(2):223-238
This paper represents an archetypal and deconstructive reading of the work of Wolfgang Giegerich. In an attempt to extend and philosophically develop Jung's late‐life view of the objective psyche, Giegerich, via Hegel, defines psychology proper as fundamentally separate from the everyday person and the ‘human, all‐too‐human’ aspects of the soul. It is argued that, in so doing, Giegerich removes the human person from being the primary focus of his psychology and creates instead a hierarchy of ideas and values privileging syntax over semantics, the logical over the empirical, and thinking over imagination. This bypasses the emotionality of the everyday person/patient and also renders psychology proper unable to address the day‐to‐day practice of the analyst. Giegerich attempts to rectify this problem by re‐incorporating what he had previously rejected, making his theory more complex than is apparent in his binary oppositions. In the end, however, it remains a question to what extent Giegerich is successful in avoiding a binary scission (Saban 2015) or a tendency to regularly de‐emphasize the human aspect of the soul (Hoedl 2015) in his need to continue to heroically push off from the ego seeking total freedom from neurosis and from our humanity. 相似文献
68.
Ricki Bliss 《Metaphilosophy》2014,45(2):245-256
Metaphysicians of a certain stripe are almost unanimously of the view that grounding is necessarily irreflexive, asymmetric, transitive, and well‐founded. They deny the possibility of circles of ground and, therewith, the possibility of species of metaphysical coherentism. But what's so bad about circles of ground? One problem for coherentism might be that it ushers in anti‐foundationalism: grounding loops give rise to infinite regresses. And this is bad because infinite grounding regresses are vicious. This article argues that circles of ground do not necessarily give rise to infinite regresses, and where they do, those regresses are not necessarily vicious. 相似文献
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70.
Provided here is an account, both syntactic and semantic, of first-order and monadic second-order quantification theory for domains that may be non-atomic. Although the rules of inference largely parallel those of classical logic, there are important differences in connection with the identification of argument places and the significance of the identity relation. 相似文献