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221.
Philosophic concepts of death are pervasive throughout all societies as shared values, differing in particulars, but similar in general. So, too, is the prospect of a death a consideration for every person, an eventual reality brought most forcefully to mind as it nears. This article explores various mindsets those who provide pastoral counseling will encounter among clients and suggest effective approaches to providing the mental and spiritual solace sought. Further, consideration is given to the psychological and spiritual mein of the pastoral counselor, and how this can affect both client and counselor. 相似文献
222.
223.
Steven A. Rogers H. Newton Malony Esther M. Coleman Leslie Tepper 《Journal of religion and health》2002,41(2):167-178
Despite the increased attention given to the religious experiences of those with mental illness, the specific nature of the changes in religious attitudes that occur within this population remain yet unknown. In this study, 406 individuals with persistent mental illness who attended one of 13 Los Angeles County Mental Health facilities completed a demographic questionnaire, an adapted version of the Religious Coping Index, and the Symptom Checklist 90-R. Over 54% of the participants reported a change in their religious beliefs such that their faith became stronger or weaker as a result, and 66% perceived these changes to be positive in nature. Qualitative codings suggest that a constructive or destructive use of religion and the quality of one's self-image and relationship with God are the primary themes underlying these changes. Those changes that were predominantly positive were associated with less severe symptomatology and more religious coping when compared to predominantly negative changes. These findings suggest that religious attitudes may be an ongoing and dynamic part of the experience of mental illness that should be considered in the treatment and research afforded by mental health professionals. 相似文献
224.
Adolescent Neurodevelopment and Psychopathology 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Elaine F. Walker 《Current directions in psychological science》2002,11(1):24-28
Adolescence is a high-risk period for the onset of psychopathology. The occurrence of depression increases markedly in the years following the onset of puberty, and most individuals who are eventually diagnosed with a psychotic disorder show a marked rise in adjustment problems during adolescence. It is well established that puberty involves increases in the secretion of gonadal hormones. More recently, research has shown that stress hormones show a similar normative rise following puberty. Accumulating findings indicate that the postpubescent period is also characterized by significant neurodevelopment; there are changes in brain structure and function that are partially a consequence of hormonal factors. Researchers are now challenged to elucidate the neural mechanisms relating postpubertal neurodevelopment with the elevations in risk for psychopathology that characterize adolescence. One plausible mechanism is the effect of hormones on gene expression. The normal neuromaturational processes observed in adolescence partially reflect the effect of gonadal hormones on the expression of genes that control brain development. Hormone surges following puberty may also trigger the expression of genes that code for brain abnormalities that give rise to mental disorders. 相似文献
225.
Laura Sciacchitano Helen Lindner James McCracken 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》2009,27(1):23-50
The aim of the current study was to investigate the factors of secondary beliefs and illness representations, and their relationship
with particular coping strategies used in the management of arthritis, and more specifically, if secondary beliefs, as defined
in Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT), mediated the relationship between illness representations and coping, as outlined
by the Self-Regulatory Model (SRM). A sample of 63 arthritis sufferers aged between 32.0 and 100.1 years was recruited. Participants
were asked to complete three questionnaires: Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WOCQ); revised Illness Perception Questionnaire
(IPQ-R); Secondary Beliefs Scale (SBS). Analyses revealed that all eight coping strategies measured were significantly related
to one or more illness representation, lending support to the SRM. Furthermore, secondary beliefs were found to mediate the
relationship between illness representations and coping for three of the strategies measured: confrontive coping, accepting
responsibility and seeking social support, while they also appeared to be directly related to the escape-avoidance strategy.
Therefore, support for the REBT model was also evidenced. Overall, these results have highlighted the importance of cognitive
factors in influencing coping behavior, a finding that could prove useful when designing interventions aiming to promote beneficial
coping in arthritis sufferers. 相似文献
226.
Eric F. Dubow L. Rowell Huesmann Paul Boxer 《Clinical child and family psychology review》2009,12(2):113-126
In this article, we describe a theoretical framework for understanding how persistent and extreme exposure to ethnic–political
conflict and violence interacts with cognitive, emotional, and self processes to influence children’s psychosocial adjustment.
Three recent strands of theorizing guide our approach. First, we focus on how observational and social learning processes
combine to influence the development of social-cognitive structures and processes that affect behavior. Second, we focus on
the role of developing self and identity processes in shaping the child’s interactions with the world and the consequences
of those interactions. Third, we build on the complex systems perspective on development and assume that human development
can only be understood accurately by examining how the multiple contexts affecting children and the adults in their lives
interact to moderate biosocial factors which predispose individuals to develop in certain directions. We review the recent
empirical literature on children’s exposure to ethnic–political violence and we apply the social-cognitive-ecological framework
to the empirical findings in this literature. Finally, we propose future directions for research and clinical implications
derived from this framework. 相似文献
227.
228.
Donald Capps 《Pastoral Psychology》2009,58(2):193-206
This article endorses the contention that God suffers from a mental disorder, but challenges J. Henry Jurgens’ diagnosis of
bipolar disorder as reported in The Onion (“God diagnosed with bipolar disorder”, 2001) and proposes narcissistic personality disorder instead. It uses the diagnostic criteria for narcissistic personality disorder
from The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC, 1994) and various biblical citations in support of this diagnosis. It
rejects the idea that a major personality change is reflected in the New Testament and claims that God did not experience
a major transformation of his narcissistic personality structure as described by Heinz Kohut (Forms and transformations of
narcissism, in A. P. Morrison, Ed., Essential papers on narcissism, pp. 61–87, New York University Press, New York, 1966/1986). However, it concludes that God’s creativity accounts for the stability of his narcissistic personality structure and helps
to explain his lack of empathy toward human beings.
相似文献
Donald CappsEmail: |
229.
Louis D. Brown 《American journal of community psychology》2009,43(3-4):177-188
The goal of this study is to develop a more comprehensive theoretical understanding of the processes by which people can benefit from mental health consumer-run organizations (CROs). To accomplish this goal, the concept of roles is used to create a preliminary framework that draws connections between several established theoretical explanations. To ground theory development in empirical data, 194 CRO members from 20 CROs answered open-ended questions about what personal changes occurred as a result of their CRO involvement and what CRO participation experiences enabled personal change. Data analysis led to the identification of 18 personal change categories and 7 experiences that led to change. These categories were integrated into the preliminary theoretical framework, which needed to be extended to accommodate all categories. While inevitably tentative, the final conceptualization provides a more comprehensive understanding of the processes by which people can benefit from CRO participation. 相似文献
230.
张奇 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2014,35(2A):24-26
精神病患者是社会弱势群体,其权利易遭受他人的侵害,同时其有可能对他人权利造成损害。因此为维护本人和他人权利,有必要对其实施特殊的措施。大陆和台湾地区均规定对严重精神病患者实施强制住院医疗措施,但二者在强制医疗的对象、程序以及人身自由的限制等方面存在重大差异。大陆强制医疗采取的是行政程序,而台湾地区是"准司法程序",其强制医疗决定由第三方作出。台湾地区精神卫生法为精神病患者提供了较为完善的权益保障体系。 相似文献