全文获取类型
| 收费全文 | 1546篇 |
| 免费 | 131篇 |
| 国内免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
| 1691篇 |
出版年
| 2025年 | 1篇 |
| 2024年 | 26篇 |
| 2023年 | 57篇 |
| 2022年 | 31篇 |
| 2021年 | 29篇 |
| 2020年 | 82篇 |
| 2019年 | 69篇 |
| 2018年 | 63篇 |
| 2017年 | 66篇 |
| 2016年 | 51篇 |
| 2015年 | 49篇 |
| 2014年 | 85篇 |
| 2013年 | 161篇 |
| 2012年 | 35篇 |
| 2011年 | 36篇 |
| 2010年 | 46篇 |
| 2009年 | 68篇 |
| 2008年 | 78篇 |
| 2007年 | 71篇 |
| 2006年 | 82篇 |
| 2005年 | 77篇 |
| 2004年 | 80篇 |
| 2003年 | 49篇 |
| 2002年 | 57篇 |
| 2001年 | 48篇 |
| 2000年 | 38篇 |
| 1999年 | 27篇 |
| 1998年 | 20篇 |
| 1997年 | 17篇 |
| 1996年 | 11篇 |
| 1995年 | 17篇 |
| 1994年 | 5篇 |
| 1993年 | 11篇 |
| 1992年 | 9篇 |
| 1991年 | 7篇 |
| 1990年 | 3篇 |
| 1989年 | 5篇 |
| 1988年 | 1篇 |
| 1987年 | 4篇 |
| 1986年 | 1篇 |
| 1985年 | 5篇 |
| 1984年 | 3篇 |
| 1983年 | 2篇 |
| 1982年 | 1篇 |
| 1980年 | 1篇 |
| 1978年 | 1篇 |
| 1977年 | 3篇 |
| 1976年 | 2篇 |
排序方式： 共有1691条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
201.
by Michael Ruse 《Zygon》2010,45(1):221-227
In this discussion review of Robert John Russell's collection of essays I agree with him about the necessity of human existence given the claims of Christian theology. I look in detail at his suggestions for speaking to this issue, especially his thesis of NIODA—noninterventionist objective divine action. I end up disagreeing with the suggestion and argue that in respects Russell is tackling the science-religion relationship in the wrong way. 相似文献
202.
Alfred Allan 《Ethics & behavior》2013,23(4):251-265
The codes of ethics and conduct of a number of psychology bodies explicitly refer to human rights, and the American Psychological Association recently expanded the use of the construct when it amended standard 1.02 of the Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. What is unclear is how these references to human rights should be interpreted. In this article I examine the historical development of human rights and associated constructs and the contemporary meaning of human rights. As human rights are generally associated with law, morality, or religion, I consider to which of forms of these references most likely refer. I conclude that these references in ethical codes are redundant and that it would be preferable not to refer to human rights in codes. Instead, the profession should acknowledge human rights as a separate and complimentary norm system that governs the behavior of psychologists and should ensure that they have adequate knowledge of human rights and encourage them to promote human rights. 相似文献
203.
Matthew H. Kramer 《Metaphilosophy》2012,43(1-2):125-134
This article delineates some of the main issues that are debated by philosophers of law. It explores the connections between legal philosophy and other areas of philosophy, while also seeking to specify the distinctiveness of many of the concerns that have preoccupied philosophers of law. It illustrates its abstract points with examples focused on the separability of law and morality, the nature of the rule of law, the nature of rights, justifications for the imposition of punishment, and the identification of basic legal entitlements. 相似文献
204.
《Canadian journal of philosophy》2012,42(2):184-206
This paper will articulate and defend a novel theory of epistemic justification; I characterize my view as the thesis that justification is potential knowledge (JPK). My project is an instance of the ‘knowledge-first’ programme, championed especially by Timothy Williamson. So I begin with a brief recapitulation of that programme. 相似文献
205.
《Canadian journal of philosophy》2012,42(5):580-605
AbstractCan appealing to children’s rights help to solve the non-identity problem in cases of procreation? A number of philosophers have answered affirmatively, arguing that even if children cannot be harmed by being born into disadvantaged conditions, they may nevertheless be wronged if those conditions fail to meet a minimal standard of decency to which all children are putatively entitled. This paper defends the tenability of this view by outlining and responding to five prominent objections that have been raised against it in the contemporary literature: (1) the identifiability objection; (2) the non-existence objection; (3) the waiving of rights objection, (4) the lack of legitimate complaint objection; and (5) the unfairness objection. 相似文献
206.
Claire St. Peter Pipkin Timothy R. Vollmer Kimberly N. Sloman 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2010,43(1):47-70
Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) is used frequently as a treatment for problem behavior. Previous studies on treatment integrity failures during DRA suggest that the intervention is robust, but research has not yet investigated the effects of different types of integrity failures. We examined the effects of two types of integrity failures on DRA, starting with a human operant procedure and extending the results to children with disabilities in a school setting. Human operant results (Experiment 1) showed that conditions involving reinforcement for problem behavior were more detrimental than failing to reinforce appropriate behavior alone, and that condition order affected the results. Experiments 2 and 3 replicated the effects of combined errors and sequence effects during actual treatment implementation. 相似文献
207.
The present experiment examined the effects of varying stimulus disparity and relative punisher frequencies on signal detection by humans. Participants were placed into one of two groups. Group 3 participants were presented with 1:3 and 3:1 punisher frequency ratios, while Group 11 participants were presented with 1:11 and 11:1 punisher frequency ratios. For both groups, stimulus disparity was varied across three levels (low, medium, high) for each punisher ratio. In all conditions, correct responses were intermittently reinforced (1:1 reinforcer frequency ratio). Participants were mostly biased away from the more punished alternative, with more extreme response biases found for Group 11 participants compared to Group 3. For both groups, estimates of discriminability increased systematically across the three disparity levels and were unaffected by the punisher ratios. Likewise, estimates of response bias and sensitivity to the punisher ratios were unaffected by changes in discriminability, supporting the assumption of parameter invariance in the Davison and Tustin (1978) model of signal detection. Overall, the present experiment found no relation between stimulus control and punisher control, and provided further evidence for similar but opposite effects of punishers to reinforcers in signal-detection procedures. 相似文献
208.
Odum AL 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2011,96(3):427-439
Delay discounting is the decline in the present value of a reward with delay to its receipt. Across a variety of species, populations, and reward types, value declines hyperbolically with delay. Value declines steeply with shorter delays, but more shallowly with longer delays. Quantitative modeling provides precise measures to characterize the form of the discount function. These measures may be regarded as higher-order dependent variables, intervening variables, or hypothetical constructs. I suggest the degree of delay discounting may be a personality trait. In the end, the ontological status of measures of delay discounting is irrelevant. Whatever delay discounting may be, its study has provided the field of behavior analysis and other areas measures with robust generality and predictive validity for a variety of significant human problems. Research on moderating the degree of delay discounting has the potential to produce substantial societal benefits. 相似文献
209.
J.O. FAMAKINWA 《Theoria》2010,76(2):152-166
Gyekye argues for the moral supremacy of certain duties. The individual is, as a natural member of the cultural community, morally obligated to respect community values; co‐operate with fellow community members, be sensitive to the economic plight of others and morally expected to respect the elderly. Though Gyekye recognizes the moral need to respect certain individual rights, in the case of a moral clash between those rights and the values cherished by the community, the latter must be upheld. I wish to critically examine the arguments in support of this position. Contrary to Gyekye's view, I argue that the natural interpersonal bond among members of the same cultural community does not strongly support some of the duties mentioned. However, I am not arguing that the individual person is not morally obligated to the cultural community at all. I argue that natural membership of the cultural community could be a necessary condition for the justification of certain duties; it is not, morally, a sufficient condition. 相似文献
210.
Oliver O'Donovan 《The Journal of religious ethics》2009,37(2):193-207
The historical problem about the origins of the language of rights derives its importance from the conceptual problem: of “two fundamentally different ways of thinking about justice,” which is basic? Is justice unitary or plural? This in turn opens up a problem about the moral status of human nature. A narrative of the origins of “rights” is an account of how and when a plural concept of justice comes to the fore, and will be based on the occurrence of definite speech‐forms—the occurrence of the plural noun in the sense of “legal properties.” The history of this development is currently held to begin with the twelfth‐century canonists. Later significant thresholds may be found in the fourteenth, sixteenth, and eighteenth centuries. Wolterstorff's attempt to find the implicit recognition of rights in the Scriptures depends very heavily on what he takes to be implied rather than on what is stated, and at best can establish a pre‐history of rights‐language. 相似文献