现代医学在人文困境中自我蜕变

从现象学方法论的观察与分析视角,围绕医学现代性和医学人文困境对现代医学给予了过程上的、人性层面上的剖析,对当下医学模式转型于医学现代性的内在关联发表了独到见解,得出医学作为“人学”最终不能回避文化救赎的结论。     

《管子》为杂家著作考

《管子》书非管仲所著已成学界公论,但其具体著者和成书年代当前却无一致认识,同时《管子》书的学派归属问题也存在着很大争议。笔者认为,《管子》为齐国稷下部分学者集体创作而成,其成书于战国晚期。《管子》的学派归属既非"齐法家",亦不是"道家黄老",而是先秦杂家。《管子》对于中国哲学、中国封建政治文化的发展起了重要的作用,它所体现出的"和而不同"的文化观对当代文化现代化的建设具有时代的价值。     

The role of Hebrew letter names in early literacy: the case of multiphonemic acrophonic names

English-speaking children spell letters correctly more often when the letters' names are heard in the word (e.g., B in beach vs. bone). Hebrew letter names have been claimed to be less useful in this regard. In Study 1, kindergartners were asked to report and spell initial and final letters in Hebrew words that included full (CVC), partial (CV), and phonemic (C) cues derived from these letter names (e.g., kaftor, kartis, kibepsilonl, spelled with /kaf/). Correct and biased responses increased with length of congruent and incongruent cues, respectively. In Study 2, preschoolers and kindergartners were asked to report initial letters with monosyllabic or disyllabic names (e.g., /kaf/ or /samepsilonx/, respectively) that included the cues described above. Correct responses increased with cue length; the effect was stronger with monosyllabic letter names than with disyllabic letter names, probably because the cue covered a larger ratio of the letter name. Phonological awareness was linked to use of letter names.     

Elephants painting? Selfness and the emergence of self states as illustrated in conceptual art

Abstract :  The traditional view of the self is that of a singular entity whose ground is an inherent function of the mind. The more recent conception of the self is moving toward the social constructionist concept that its ground is the discourses of the particular culture into which one is born. These two divergent views have created an irresolvable binary of inner/outer that limits their explanatory power. To resolve this dilemma I suggest that the abstract noun 'selfness', indicating a  general  state, should replace the representational noun 'self', that indicates a  specific  state. I will propose that 'selfness' is indeed the 'ground' from which our unique self states emerge. I will illustrate this with examples from conceptual art and will discuss its relevance to analytic theory and treatment.     

Public Policy, Participation and the Third Position: The Implication of Engaging Communities on their Own Terms

Policy development and implementation should be fundamental for community psychologists in their endeavors to create social change. Policy necessarily is engaged at broad social and political levels, but it is mediated through communities and individuals, and thus appealing for our discipline. We argue that there are increasing opportunities for social input in liberal democracies with the growing awareness of the need to consider social factors in policy. Public participation is one aspect of policy development, but it can be problematic and can disempowered communities, especially disadvantaged communities. Using the framework of the ‘third position’, a case study of attempts to ameliorate institutional oppression of Australian Aboriginal people through policy change is described. Structural reform to community engagement is described in terms of empowerment and capacity building. Power relationships are deconstructed to allow understandings of the dynamics of policy change, and the broader implications for community psychological praxis are discussed.     

Noah’s Ark: technical and theoretical implications concerning the use of metaphor in the treatment of trauma1

In this paper, using my clinical work with a 3-year-old boy who lost his hearing when he was between 9 and 12 months old, and whose disability was only discovered when he was 22 months old, I will explore two issues of paramount technical importance when working with trauma. Firstly, it is crucial to create a boundary around the traumatic event, so that life before, during and after the trauma can be circumscribed and the traumatic event explored and hopefully understood and integrated. Secondly, it is of paramount importance to establish the level of developmental organization at the time of the trauma, especially in relation to the capacity to integrate bodily affects into mind. I will show how trauma and its vicissitudes are directly dependent on the person’s capacity to resolve the splitting that trauma creates in the mind, and also the key role played by the use of metaphors in the process whereby trauma becomes thinkable and can therefore be integrated into the self.     

齐鲁古典戏曲溯源及山东元杂剧兴盛初探——齐鲁古典戏曲述略之一

任何一种文学现象的出现,既要有长期发展的历史积淀,也要有那个时代所提供的政治、经济和文化等基本的社会条件。元代山东能成为杂剧艺术的兴盛之地亦是如此。文章考略了齐鲁古典戏曲的渊源,就山东元杂剧兴盛的原因作了较为全面、系统地探寻,并概述了其主要的表现及影响。     

Visual ergonomics of head-mounted displays

Head-mounted displays (HMDs) are increasingly used in the field and in the laboratory. Prolonged use of HMDs requires their ergonomics to be optimized in order to reduce discomfort. Among factors causing visual load are the physical/optical properties of eyepieces used in HMDs. Many HMD eyepieces are adjusted manually to fit the individual requirements of the user. Proper adjustment of the eyepieces requires some knowledge of visual ergonomics. Additionally, in order to enable comfortable viewing, restrictions on the visual information presented in HMDs, such as the motion of objects in virtual depth, must be considered. Visual performance and therefore visual load depends on the display technology used in HMDs.     

Some observations on the process of mourning

The main proposal of this paper is that normal mourning is not completed after six months to a year or two as suggested in earlier literature, but may bring about a permanent alteration of psychological structures that affect various aspects of the mourning persons’ lives. These structural consequences of mourning consist in the setting up of a persistent internalized object relationship with the lost object that affects ego and superego functions. The persistent internalized object relationship develops in parallel to the identification with the lost object, and the superego modification includes the internalization of the value systems and life project of the lost object. A new dimension of spiritual orientation, the search for transcendental value systems, is one consequence of this superego modification.     

Sense of reality,reality testing and reality processing in borderline patients1

Although borderline patients are suitable for it, they often undergo repeated testing of phantasies against objective reality without success. A reason for these partial failures is that subjects have not been able to build a solid sense of reality and have found many diffi culties for processing reality demands and possibilities. The author puts forward some thoughts on this question, such as the importance of working through the depressive position and the Oedipus complex in the process of building up a solid sense of reality. A sense of reality also favours continuous reality processing. When reality processing becomes as continuous as life itself, the repetition of individual reality tests becomes less frequent and necessary, and more satisfying. The author also presents some recommendations for the psychoanalytic treatment of such patients, stressing the importance and the diffi culties of the introduction of the borderline patient into the triangular situation because primitive defences‐such as disavowal and denial‐are mobilized.