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351.
Dawson JE Piazza CC Sevin BM Gulotta CS Lerman D Kelley ML 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2003,36(1):105-108
We used the high-probability (high-p) instructional sequence with and without escape extinction in the treatment of food refusal. Acceptance increased and refusal decreased only with the introduction of escape extinction. These results raise important questions about the high-p sequence in the treatment of food refusal. 相似文献
352.
采用自编初中生社会交往策略问卷考察了北京市两所普通中学314名初中生的社会交往策略。研究表明:自编初中生社会交往策略问卷具有较好的信度与效度,均达到心理测量学要求;初中生开始交往情境的消极表现策略,冲突解决情境的回避性、求助第三者和消极表现三种策略,维持交往情境的消极表现、求助第三者以及被动等待三种策略存在显著的年级差异;初中生开始交往情境的消极表现和回避策略,冲突解决情境的消极表现和妥协顺从两种策略,维持交往情境中的消极表现策略存在显著的性别差异;同伴接纳水平不同的初中生在开始交往情境的消极表现策略,冲突解决情境的沟通协商、消极表现和妥协顺从三种策略以及维持交往情境的消极表现、回避性和积极沟通三种策略上存在显著差异。 相似文献
353.
354.
The deformation and failure of the pristine PBX 9501 high explosive are studied experimentally by combining Brazilian disk compression with the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The Brazilian disk specimen was loaded by a pair of compressive forces across the diameter. The full-field deformation on the surface of the disk, during the loading process, was obtained using DIC on a series of random speckle images acquired during the test. In this series of experiments, we focused on the effect of temperature while keeping the loading speed quasi-static. Tests were conducted under three different temperatures, ?15°C, 23°C, and 50°C. For all testing conditions, it was observed that as the applied load reaches maximum, localized deformation starts at the two regions near the loading points. The localized deformation then proceeds along an irregular path toward the center of the specimen and coalesces. Finally, deformation of the Brazilian disk subjected to cyclic compressive load at ambient temperature was also measured and studied. 相似文献
355.
Xi Li Yves Fautrelle Annie Gagnoud Guanghui Cao Yudong Zhang Zhongming Ren 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(3):118-126
It is reported that the application of a high magnetic field is capable of inducing the formation of twinned dendrites during directional solidification of Al–4.5wt%Cu alloy. Numerical results reveal that a unidirectional thermoelectric magnetic force acts on tilted dendrites during directional solidification under a magnetic field. This force should be responsible for the formation of twinned dendrites. The work may initiate a new method for inducing twinned dendrites in Al-based alloys via an applied high magnetic field during directional solidification. 相似文献
356.
ABSTRACT The current study investigated whether a 5-month, adult mentoring intervention delivered by school personnel could enhance the school engagement of ninth grade urban minority adolescents. Compared to 20 at-risk students who did not receive an intervention, 20 at-risk students who were randomly assigned to mentoring exhibited significantly less decline during the first year of high school in perceived teacher support and decision making and were less likely to enter the discipline system. The effects were stronger and included sense of school belonging for participants who were “mentored as intended.” Moreover, mentee and mentor reports of relationship quality were associated with changes in mentored participants' school-related cognitions and behaviors. The findings indicate that adult mentoring may help to prevent normative declines in urban minority youths' school engagement. 相似文献
357.
《Journal Of Applied School Psychology》2013,29(2):87-109
The Kentucky IMPACT Program is described and formative evaluation results are reported. This information suggests that the Program has value for children and youth with serious emotional and behavioral disorders. 相似文献
358.
《European Journal of Developmental Psychology》2013,10(4):377-394
Many researchers face the problem of missing data in longitudinal research. Especially, high risk samples are characterized by missing data which can complicate analyses and the interpretation of results. In the current study, our aim was to find the most optimal and best method to deal with the missing data in a specific study with many missing data on the outcome variable. Therefore, different techniques to handle missing data were evaluated, and a solution to efficiently handle substantial amounts of missing data was provided. A simulation study was conducted to determine the most optimal method to deal with the missing data. Results revealed that multiple imputation (MI) using predictive mean matching was the most optimal method with respect to lowest bias and the smallest confidence interval (CI) while maintaining power. Listwise deletion and last observation carried backward also scored acceptable with respect to bias; however, CIs were much larger and sample size almost halved using these methods. Longitudinal research in high risk samples could benefit from using MI in future research to handle missing data. The paper ends with a checklist for handling missing data. 相似文献
359.
360.
Pesanayi Gwirayi 《Journal of Psychology in Africa》2013,23(1):121-124
This exploratory study investigated the functions served by corporal punishment as perceived by high school students in a developing country. A qualitative research design was used. Participants were a convenient sample of five high school students. Data were collected using the focus group interview technique. Results show that adolescents have contesting views on the functions served by corporal punishment in school. Adolescents' perspectives coalesced into three main conceptual spheres namely: hedonistic/sadistic, regulatory and instrumental functions. Teachers and other professionals, whose mandate is the welfare of adolescents, need to recognise the influence and importance of adolescent perspectives on functions served by corporal punishment. 相似文献