医学化与医学界限的反思

自20世纪下半叶以来,医学在科技、资本、政治等社会力量影响下,日益从传统的疾病、健康领域扩展到日常生活领域,导致了原属于生活方式和正常生命历程事件的酗酒、性取向、分娩等问题的医学化,这体现了医学跨越固有界限的趋势。从历史看,医学在古代并没有把上述社会生活问题纳入其视域,而随着社会的现代转型,医学的传统界限常常被打破,医学对社会生活问题的干预范围越来越广泛。但是,某些医学实践对科学界限和伦理界限的跨越却缺乏足够的科学性和正当性,其重要根源在于经济系统和权力系统对这一日常生活世界的侵蚀。

     

新医科背景下医学院系治理边界嬗变研究

医学院系是医学教育的关键实体组织和实践主体,各项教育改革任务的推进都离不开院系的底部支撑。以新医科统领的医学教育变革对医学院系治理提出具有针对性的内在要求,医学院系治理边界呈现出整体性、系统性、开放性等价值旨向。面对当前治理实践中客观存在的组织边界路径依赖,医学院系应守正创新、主动赋能,通过多元参与、问题导向的垂直治理,多维激活、包容自反的水平治理,开放议程、价值共享的外部治理,融合创新、精准安全的数字治理,进一步优化组织建构,促进现代化治理能力提升,以组织良治的行动路向助力新医科建设。

     

肢体严重毁损伤保留与否的循证思考

肢体严重毁损伤的修复是当今医学领域的一个研究热点.从循证医学角度对肢体严重毁损伤的保肢与截肢提出思考并加以阐述,同时结合当前我国医疗环境提出一些这方面的倡议.     

IMAGINATIVE CONTAGION

Abstract: The aim of this article is to expand the diet of examples considered in philosophical discussions of imagination and pretense, and to offer some preliminary observations about what we might learn about the nature of imagination as a result. The article presents a number of cases involving imaginative contagion: cases where merely imagining or pretending that P has effects that we would expect only perceiving or believing that P to have. Examples are offered that involve visual imagery, motor imagery, fictional emotions, and social priming. It is suggested that imaginative contagion is a more prevalent phenomenon than has typically been recognized.     

Microstructures and strengthening mechanisms in high-carbon titanium-microalloyed interstitial-free steels

We report the mechanical properties and microstructures of titanium-microalloyed interstitial-free (IF) steels with different carbon contents smelted and rolled in the laboratory. The results show an increase of yield strength and tensile strength with carbon content, which are enhanced with lower coiling temperature (CT). Microstructure analysis reveals that the ferrite grain size varies from 11 to 23?μm, while the average size of TiC as the main second-phase particle ranges from 10 to 35?nm. The sample with 80?ppm carbon and 853?K CT reaches a mechanical strength close to that of high-strength IF steels. The increase of yield strength is mainly attributed to both grain-refining and precipitation strengthening.     

Feeling happy and (over)confident: the role of positive affect in metacognitive processes

The relationship between affect and metacognitive processes has been largely overlooked in both the affect and the metacognition literatures. While at the core of many affect-cognition theories is the notion that positive affective states lead people to be more confident, few studies systematically investigated how positive affect influences confidence and strategic behaviour. In two experiments, when participants were free to control answer interval to general knowledge questions (e.g. question: “in what year”, answer: “it was between 1970 and 1985”), participants induced with positive affect outperformed participants in a neutral affect condition. However, in Experiment 1 positive affect participants showed larger overconfidence than neutral affect participants. In Experiment 2, enhanced salience of social cues eliminated this overconfidence disadvantage of positive affect relative to neutral affect participants, without compromising their enhanced performance. Notably, in both experiments, positive affect led to compromised social norms regarding the answers’ informativeness. Implications for both affect and metacognition are discussed.     

On the Question, “What is Law?”

Res Publica - Re-framing discussion of the question, “What is law?“ in terms of the contexts in which the whole question makes sense allows us to see that jurisprudence is about...     

平滑滚动引导式和快速系列视觉呈现式中文文本阅读工效研究

本研究在机控速度条件下,考察了显示窗口大小(10字和20字)、显示速度(300字／分和600字／分)和文本显示方式(平滑滚动的引导式和快速系列视觉呈现)等因素对VDT中文文本阅读工效的影响。实验结果发现：(1)300字／分的显示速度有利于阅读理解;(2)在本实验条件下,平滑滚动引导式的可读性优于快速系列视觉呈现式。最后,作者结合有关中文眼动研究理论,对上述结果的成因进行了简要探讨。     

Boundary Violations and the Psychoanalytic Training System

A number of features of psychoanalytic training contribute to boundary violations and their sequelae. Intergenerational transmission of sexual misconduct is well-known and often operates unconsciously in the generation inheriting the legacy. Idealization and loyalty are frequent components of collusion and cover-up when a senior member of an institute is sexually involved with a patient. Other factors include the unique features of the termination of training analysis, the compartmentalization required in analytic work, and the ambivalent attitude towards autonomy and consultation.