Properties of Goal Systems: Consistency, Conflict, and Coherence

The paper provides a formal representation of goal systems. The focus is on three properties: consistency, conflict, and coherence. An aim is to attain conceptual clarity of these properties. It is argued that consistency is adequately regarded as a property relative to the decision situation or, more specifically, the set of alternatives that the agent faces. Moreover, as a condition of rationality, consistency is stronger than some writers have claimed. Conflict is adequately regarded as a relation over subsets of a given goal system and should likewise be regarded as relative to the set of alternatives that the agent faces. Coherence is given a probabilistic interpretation, based on a support relation over subsets of goal systems. Presented by Heinrich Wansing     

时间压力、个人相关性对不同类型框架下决策的影响

该文以178名大学生为被试,考察三种框架下,时间压力、个人相关性对决策及框架效应的影响。结果表明,风险选择框架中,时间压力大,被试思考点数目少,决策保守;但压力和相关性均没有对框架效应造成影响;判定框架下,相关性越高,思考点数目越多,越不易出现框架效应;决策与思考点数目基本保持一致。     

国外青少年身体活动动机理论及其对体育教育的启示

青少年在身体活动领域参与程度的下降趋势已经成为全球性的问题.目前,国内外研究者们对身体活动行为背后的参与动机给予了广泛的研究.本文对国外青少年身体活动动机研究的理论进行了梳理,在此基础上总结青少年身体活动参与动机的特点,并针对我国的体育教育工作提出建议,为我国的体育教育工作提供参考.     

临床思维的逻辑性

卫生法制建设是社会主义法治建设的必然要求,也是卫生与经济、社会协调发展的迫切需要;卫生法制建设需要确立科学的认识观和发展观,需要构架现代化发展战略目标。只有这样,才能务实地推进国家与地方区域的卫生法制现代化进程。     

Goal orientation and performance adaptation: A meta-analysis

The relationship between goal orientation and performance adaptation across studies was assessed in the present article. The relevance of performance adaptation can be exemplified by the desire to optimize performance and mitigate the negative effects of change in organizational and educational contexts (i.e. new co-workers, new software, emergencies). Three-level meta-analyses were conducted for learning goal orientation (LGO) and performance goal orientation (PGO). Furthermore, within PGO a distinction between avoid performance goal orientation (APGO) and prove performance goal orientation (PPGO) could be made. In moderator analyses the influence of measurement method of performance adaptation (subjective ratings vs objective scores) was assessed amongst others. Although significant effects were found they were primarily visible for subjective ratings and not objective scores.     

高中生成就目标倾向与心理健康状态关系的研究

选取普高和职高的451名学生为研究对象,对高中生的成就目标状况及其与学生心理健康状态之间的关系进行了测查。结果表明,高中生学习目标倾向高于成绩目标倾向,其中,职高学生的学习目标倾向又高于普高学生。高学习目标倾向的学生比低学习目标倾向的学生心理健康状态更好,高成绩目标学生的情感特征较为消极。     

Proactive Goal Generation and Innovative Work Behavior: The Moderating Role of Affective Commitment,Production Ownership and Leader Support for Innovation

Building on goal‐regulation theory, we develop and test the hypothesis that proactive goal generation fosters individual innovative work behavior. Consistent with a resource‐based perspective, we further examine two‐three‐way interactions to assess whether the link between proactive goal generation and innovative behavior is jointly moderated by organizational affective commitment and production ownership, or, alternatively, leader support for innovation. In a sample of 442 municipal employees from the administrative division of an Italian city hall, proactive goal generation was positively associated with innovative work behavior. Additionally, as expected, this relationship was stronger when employees were highly affectively committed to their organization and when they exhibited a high level of production ownership or received extensive support for innovation from their supervisors. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.