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51.
52.
大学生自发反应式的互联自我与独立自我:性别差异与专业差异 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Markus和Kitayama的自我构念理论以文化差异为基础,将人的自我观念分为独立自我和互联自我,研究假说,体育专业的学习由于有更多的社会交互作用,有助于培养学生的互联自我,文理专业的学习由于有列多的独立性,有助于培养学生的独立自我,应用20项陈述测验对258名大学生的研究部分地支持了这一假设;体育专业学生有更多的具体化自我表述,文理专业学生有更多的抽象化自我表述,但是,两类学生在自我定向和社会 相似文献
53.
Sharon H. Thompson Sara J. Corwin Thomas J. Rogan Roger G. Sargent 《Journal of child and family studies》1999,8(1):91-108
African American and White mother/adolescent pairs were examined for familial associations in body size and weight concerns. Mothers' and adolescents' estimates of adolescents' body mass index (BMI) were significantly correlated. Compared to boys, girls had greater body dissatisfaction, higher weight concerns, and perceived higher family/friend weight concerns. By race, White adolescents had more body dissatisfaction and greater concern about weight than African American adolescents. Four items explained 70.4% of the variance in adolescents' weight concern scores: adolescents' weight management practices, mothers' reports of adolescents' saying they were too fat, adolescents' perceptions of family/friends' weight concerns, and adolescents' body dissatisfaction. Our study suggests White girls are more concerned about their weight and perceive greater weight and dieting concerns among family/friends than African American girls. 相似文献
54.
Corporal Punishment by American Parents: National Data on Prevalence, Chronicity, Severity, and Duration, in Relation to Child and Family Characteristics 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
We present data on corporal punishment (CP) by a nationally representative sample of 991 American parents interviewed in 1995. Six types of CP were examined: slaps on the hand or leg, spanking on the buttocks, pinching, shaking, hitting on the buttocks with a belt or paddle, and slapping in the face. The overall prevalence rate (the percentage of parents using any of these types of CP during the previous year) was 35% for infants and reached a peak of 94% at ages 3 and 4. Despite rapid decline after age 5, just over half of American parents hit children at age 12, a third at age 14, and 13% at age 17. Analysis of chronicity found that parents who hit teenage children did so an average of about six times during the year. Severity, as measured by hitting the child with a belt or paddle, was greatest for children age 5–12 (28% of such children). CP was more prevalent among African American and low socioeconomic status parents, in the South, for boys, and by mothers. The pervasiveness of CP reported in this article, and the harmful side effects of CP shown by recent longitudinal research, indicates a need for psychology and sociology textbooks to reverse the current tendency to almost ignore CP and instead treat it as a major aspect of the socialization experience of American children; and for developmental psychologists to be cognizant of the likelihood that parents are using CP far more often than even advocates of CP recommend, and to inform parents about the risks involved. 相似文献
55.
Devoney Looser 《Journal of Aging and Identity》1999,4(1):3-11
This article begins to consider the late careers of late eighteenth-century English women writers. It provides a brief review of some of the eighteenth-century attitudes toward aging women and focuses specifically on the aging female writer. Surveying the available literature on this topic, the author demonstrates the need for a more thorough investigation of aging, gender, literary output, and reception among the first generations of professional women writers in Great Britain. This article concludes with a consideration of Hester Lynch Piozzi and some of her writing from her late years. 相似文献
56.
Bret G. Bentz Donald A. Williamson Cheryl F. Smith 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》1999,21(2):97-108
The prediction of future negative events was studied in a sample of undergraduate students varying on measures of anxiety and dietary restraint. Cognitive theories of psychopathology hypothesize that the emotional concerns of an individual determine which types of information are most often cognitively processed with a biased interpretation. This prediction has generally been called the content specificity hypothesis. Based upon this aspect of cognitive theory, we hypothesized that a high level of trait anxiety would be associated with higher ratings of the probability of future physically threatening events. In addition, it was hypothesized that a high level of dietary restraint would be associated with lower ratings of the probability of future occurrences of overeating. The results of the study supported these hypotheses. These prediction biases were found to be more pronounced in women, as compared to men. The findings were interpreted as supportive of the content specificity hypothesis. 相似文献
57.
Nicola Slee 《Theology & Sexuality》2014,20(3):225-237
AbstractDrawing on feminist liturgical critiques of prayer, Audre Lorde's notion of the erotic and Carter Heyward's relational theology, amongst other feminist, Womanist, Black and queer sources, this article proposes that prayer via gendered and erotic images of God and Christ may be a site for the integration of gender, sexuality and faith — not only in the life of the individual but in the wider body politic. The notion of integration is problematized alongside heteropatriarchal practices of prayer, and an eschatological understanding of prayer and identity offered. The article argues for prayer which engages with a multiplicity of embodied, erotic and queer images of God (and particularly Christ), as necessary to the complex work of personal and political integration with which prayer is charged as well as gesturing towards the fullness and mystery of God who both inhabits and transcends the limitations of metaphorical discourse about the divine. 相似文献
58.
Religiousness, Health, and Health Behavior in Public-Use Data of the National Center for Health Statistics 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Studies of religiousness and health-related variables in large, population-based cross-sectional or, preferably, longitudinal
studies, which are often prohibitively expensive, are important to complement findings from the more commonly performed studies.
Inadequately known among social science researchers, the national health surveys of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s
National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) offer large, high-quality data sets to the public at no or nominal cost and hence
offer important opportunities for research in the area of religion and health, religion and reproductive behavior, sociology
of religion and psychology of religion. This report provides an overview of the data sets and a bibliography of prior research
using these data, which is intended to suggest how the data of NCHS may be further exploited by researchers of religiousness
and health.
相似文献
R. F. GillumEmail: |
59.
60.
Marines,medics, and machismo: Lack of fit with masculine occupational stereotypes discourages men's participation 下载免费PDF全文
Kim Peters Michelle K. Ryan S. Alexander Haslam 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2015,106(4):635-655
Women have made substantial inroads into some traditionally masculine occupations (e.g., accounting, journalism) but not into others (e.g., military, surgery). Evidence suggests the latter group of occupations is characterized by hyper‐masculine ‘macho’ stereotypes that are especially disadvantageous to women. Here, we explore whether such macho occupational stereotypes may be especially tenacious, not just because of their impact on women, but also because of their impact on men. We examined whether macho stereotypes associated with marine commandos and surgeons discourage men who feel that they are ‘not man enough’. Study 1 demonstrates that male new recruits' (N = 218) perceived lack of fit with masculine commandos was associated with reduced occupational identification and motivation. Study 2 demonstrates that male surgical trainees' (N = 117) perceived lack of fit with masculine surgeons was associated with reduced identification and increased psychological exit a year later. Together, this suggests that macho occupational stereotypes may discourage the very men who may challenge them. 相似文献