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141.
Although the clinical utility of the functional analysis is well established, its social acceptability has received minimal attention. The current study assessed the social acceptability of functional analysis procedures among 10 parents and 3 teachers of children who had recently received functional analyses. Participants completed a 9-item questionnaire, and results suggested that functional analysis procedures were socially acceptable. 相似文献
142.
疼痛是一种受多重因素影响的复杂主观感受。临床上,疼痛测量主要依赖于患者的主观评价。然而,这种传统的疼痛测量方法具有多方面的局限。近年来,研究者借助生理记录、脑电和功能磁共振等技术,揭示疼痛的神经生理、心理机制,挖掘与疼痛相关的神经生理指标,进而构建有效、客观和精确的疼痛评价体系。在基础研究和临床实践中,这些技术有望弥补传统疼痛测量方法的不足,从而极大推动疼痛测量及其治疗等相关领域研究的发展。 相似文献
143.
Najdowski AC Wallace MD Ellsworth CL MacAleese AN Cleveland JM 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2008,41(1):97-105
Functional analysis has been demonstrated to be an effective method to identify environmental variables that maintain problem behavior. However, there are cases when conducting functional analyses of severe problem behavior may be contraindicated. The current study applied functional analysis procedures to a class of behavior that preceded severe problem behavior (precursor behavior) and evaluated treatments based on the outcomes of the functional analyses of precursor behavior. Responding for all participants was differentiated during the functional analyses, and individualized treatments eliminated precursor behavior. These results suggest that functional analysis of precursor behavior may offer an alternative, indirect method to assess the operant function of severe problem behavior. 相似文献
144.
ABSTRACT— Speech perception includes, minimally, the set of computations that transform continuously varying acoustic signals into linguistic representations that can be used for subsequent processing. The auditory and motor subroutines of this complex perceptual process are executed in a network of brain areas organized in ventral and dorsal parallel pathways, performing sound-to-meaning and sound-to-motor mappings, respectively. Research on speech using neurobiological techniques argues against narrow motor or auditory theories. To account for the range of cognitive and neural attributes, integrative computational models seem promising. 相似文献
145.
Vandenberghe L 《The Behavior analyst / MABA》2008,31(1):67-79
Functional analytic psychotherapy (FAP) is defined as behavior-analytically conceptualized talk therapy. In contrast to the technique-oriented educational format of cognitive behavior therapy and the use of structural mediational models, FAP depends on the functional analysis of the moment-to-moment stream of interactions between client and therapist. This distinctive feature makes FAP particularly sensitive to the challenges posed by cultural differences between client and therapist. Core elements of FAP philosophy are invoked to argue that this vulnerability paradoxically implies an increased ability to capture and use relevant issues in the therapy process with culturally different clients. This argument focuses FAP's preference for concrete behavior over theoretical modeling, its emphasis on functional principles rather than topographically defined techniques, and its inclusion of the therapist's behavior in the assessment of clients' clinically relevant behavior. Suggestions are given concerning how academic and practical training and personal experience may be used to foster sound multicultural practice. 相似文献
146.
黄莛庭 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2006,27(2):23-25
慢性腹痛病史较长,性质不定。引起慢性腹痛的原因很多,除器质性疾病外,一些功能性疾病也引起,如最终找不出具体原因,则可称之为功能性腹痛综合征。诊断比较困难,也容易误诊,甚至误治,外科医生应特别慎重。误诊的思维原因包括对引起慢性腹痛的原因认识不全面,思维惰性,辩证思维不周密和思维简化等。 相似文献
147.
Nathan A. Call Alec M. Bernstein Matthew J. O'Brien Kelly M. Schieltz Loukia Tsami Dorothea C. Lerman Wendy K. Berg Scott D. Lindgren Mark A. Connelly David P. Wacker 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2024,57(1):166-183
Clinicians report primarily using functional behavioral assessment (FBA) methods that do not include functional analyses. However, studies examining the correspondence between functional analyses and other types of FBAs have produced inconsistent results. In addition, although functional analyses are considered the gold standard, their contribution toward successful treatment compared with other FBA methods remains unclear. This comparative effectiveness study, conducted with 57 young children with autism spectrum disorder, evaluated the results of FBAs that did (n = 26) and did not (n = 31) include a functional analysis. Results of FBAs with and without functional analyses showed modest correspondence. All participants who completed functional communication training achieved successful outcomes regardless of the type of FBA conducted. 相似文献
148.
Neuman P 《The Behavior analyst / MABA》2007,30(2):211-216
The topic of intention has recently received attention from behavior analysts (Hineline, 2003; Neuman, 2004). From a behavior-analytic perspective, it is important to identify the circumstances in which people utter such terms, and to identify the potential circumstances that maintain such utterances. It follows that from a behavior-analytic perspective, the focus is primarily on those who observe behavior and attribute intentions to that behavior. However, there has not been a distinction between intention and intentionality. The current analysis stresses the distinction between the two terms, both from a traditional point of view (psychologist and layperson) and from a behavior-analytic point of view. From a behavior analyst's perspective, the distinction is important because observers may be responding to distinct functional relations when they attribute intention or intentionality to behavior. 相似文献
149.
150.
Professor Luc Vandenberghe 《Counselling psychology quarterly》2007,20(1):105-114
This paper argues that Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) can contribute to the treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). FAP is a behavior analytically informed approach to talk-therapy, developed by Kohlenberg and Tsai. It uses natural occurrences of clinically relevant behavior in the client-therapist relationship to promote therapeutic change. A selection of vignettes of client-therapist dialogues involving two clients with OCD is discussed. The examples show how natural interactions between therapist and client can be used to bring therapeutic technique closer to the natural occurrences of obsessive-compulsive behavior. Furthermore, the fragments illustrate that FAP can encompass exposure and response prevention. Therefore, the in vivo learning during the session as promoted in FAP can be an asset in the treatment of clients with OCD, and it deserves attention in future treatment research. 相似文献