规则多边图形的离散度、图基边数及显示条件的交互作用研究

用实验方法研究规则多边图形的离散度、图形基边数、显示条件及三因素的交互作用对图形信号认知绩效的影响。实验的自变量有：（１）图形的离散度参数;（２）图形的基边数;（３）图形的显示条件。因变量是各图形信号的平均反应时。实验的刺激材料是２５个不同离散度、不同基边数的规则多边图形。刺激材料的呈现与被试的反应记录都由计算机控制。结果表明：（１）离散度对图形信号认知绩效的影响十分显著,离散度适中及偏小的图形信号认知绩效较高;（２）图形基边数对认知绩效的影响十分显著,认知绩效反比于图形的基边数;（３）显示条件对认知绩效的影响不显著;（４）离散度与基边数的交互作用影响显著,离散度偏大的０．６,０．７图形与离散度偏小及适中的０．３,０．４,０．５图形的认知绩效在基边数大于８后出现明显的分离趋势。     

儿童情绪表达规则发展的影响因素研究综述

近年来,有关儿童情绪表达规则的研究总结了一些影响儿童情绪表达规则的认知发展和运用的因素,这些研究围绕年龄、社会文化、家庭环境、情绪的性质和强度、人际关系,性别等因素,对影响儿童情绪表达规则发展的因素做了较全面、系统的整合。     

Effects of pH on the rate of aggressive display for mirror image reinforcement in siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens)

A hypothesis suggesting that fluctuations in hydrogen ion (pH) intensity may suppress the rate of aggressive display in Betta splendens was offered. The effect of pH upon the rate of ring swimming for aggression-releasing mirror image presentation was therefore investigated under pH intensities of 5.0, 7.0, and 9.0 in a steady-state design. The results indicated no significant variation in the rate of response over pH levels. Two possible mechanisms of pH resistance are discussed.     

Réalité virtuelle et santé des personnes âgées institutionnalisées. Vers un EHPAD 2.0 ?

Virtual reality (VR) is used in general health care: prevention, physical medicine, chronic and acute pain, quality of life in palliative care, and in psychiatry: anxiety, depression, addiction, psychosis. Our objective is showing VR using among elderly people in French retirement home. Virtual reality is showing efficacy as distraction, anti-pain, tranquillising, antidepressant methods. It should be an answer to many elderly health problems. VR is easy to use, with low side effects. Non-drug treatments among elderly people are recommended. Used as complementary or alternative medicine, VR must be shaped for using with old and fragile people in retirement home.     

The influence of a pedestrian countdown display on pedestrian behavior at signalized pedestrian crossings

Pedestrian behavior has been a subject of surveys carried out at two signalized pedestrian crossings, in the city of Doboj (BIH, Republic of Srpska). The analysis is made on the basis of video recordings, and includes behavior at pedestrian crossings, in various conditions (two locations, different vehicle flows, with or without a countdown display). The analysis also includes the distribution of illegal crossings (at the pedestrian red light) of different categories of pedestrians (gender, age), before and after the installation of a pedestrian countdown display, at two different pedestrian crossings. The results of the study have shown that a countdown display reduces statistically significantly the total number of violators, regardless of its location and traffic flow. However, this reduction is not the same at various categories of pedestrians (male, female, elderly, young people). The influence of the display has been particularly dominant at the pedestrian crossing located outside the centre of the city, with the smaller intensity of traffic. Children pedestrians do not accept the behavior in accordance with the countdown display in case of a reduced intensity of traffic, at a pedestrian crossing located in the backstreet. A countdown display does not statistically significantly change the distribution form of the number of offences during the red light for pedestrians, regardless of the pedestrian environment. However, there is a statistically significant difference in certain intervals (during the first and last 4 s) in the total distribution, as well as in the categories (female pedestrians, children). A countdown display does not reduce the overall number of “slow” pedestrians, but the impact on certain categories of “slow” pedestrians (gender/children), as well as on pedestrian violators, per age categories, varies depending on the location and traffic flow at an intersection.     

The effects of gender differences on the usability of automotive on-board navigation systems – A comparison of 2D and 3D display

This study integrated gender with the user interface of automotive on-board navigation systems to analyze whether gender differences or 2D (2 dimensional) vs. 3D (3 dimensional) display affect the interface usability of an on-board car navigation system (CNS). An experimental design was adopted for collecting data from three tasks – locating points, planning routes, and searching polygons – each emphasizing a different aspect of way-finding. The participants reported their subjective usability via the System Usability Scale after each trial. Study results show that gender, the CNS interface the subject used, and a combination of both predict the usability of an on-board CNS. This study’s results provide a clearer understanding of whether manufacturers should develop interfaces that fit a CNS 2D or 3D display based on gender.