不规则几何图形识别中的信息取样优先序

研究了不规则几何图形识别中的信息取样优先序。被试为浙江大学本科生80 名,男女各半,年龄18－22 岁,色觉正常,视力或矫正视力正常。刺激材料为20个不规则几何图形。实验的自变量有3个：①作业任务,认同与匹配2种;②显示条件,良好与不良2种;③显示方式,旋转与不旋转2种。因变量用了反应时与错误指数二项。实验的作业有二项,一项是对呈现在CRT上图形做判别作业;一项是有关信息取样优先序的问卷作业。Friedman 双向方差分析和Kendall一致性系数检验的结果表明：不规则几何图形的信息取样优先序有按取样特征信息差异度序进行编排的趋势。较稳定的取样序,特别是将整体信息置于较优先地位的取样序有助于提高图形识别的作业绩效     

Wittgensteinian Pedagogics: Cavell on the Figure of the Child in the Investigations

This paper discusses Stanley Cavell's approach to the Investigations,focusing upon his essay – `Notes and Afterthoughts on the Opening ofWittgenstein's Investigations'. First, the paper investigates the waysin which Cavell makes central the figure and `voice' of the child to hisreading of the opening of the Investigations. Second, it argues thatCavell's Notes provides a basis for a Wittgensteinian pedagogics,for not only does it hold up the figure of the child as central to the Investigations but it does so in a philosophical style that, thoughdistinctively Cavell's own, comes closest to the spirit of philosophizing inWittgenstein's sense. Third, the paper concludes by discussing the complexvocal and figural structure of the Investigations which serves tohighlight different aspects of the figure of the child and the child's `voice'.     

弱智儿童心理旋转的研究

该研究探讨了一组9~12岁弱智儿童的“心理旋转”能力,该组儿童平均年龄10.1岁,平均智商（IQ）53.8（中度智力残疾）。研究结果与正常儿童（均龄8岁）作了比较。结果显示,弱智儿童的心理旋转能力明显较之正常儿童为差,智力缺陷对视觉图形空间定向能力（心理旋转）有着明显的影响。但无论弱智儿童或是正常儿童的结果均未发现性别差异。     

人脸图形识别取样的眼动特征

通过眼动数据的分析,探讨人脸图形识别的取样特征。实验为2×2的被试内设计,自变量为显示条件（良好显示和不良显示）和显示方式（旋转显示和非旋转显示）。实验的因变量有反应时、总注视时间、注视比率、首视点注视时间、注视点数量、扫视总距离、扫视平均距离、正确率等8个指标。被试为12名大学生,刺激材料为10幅中国人脸部图形,主要实验设备是一台Eyelinkll型服动仪。结果发现,显示条件和显示方式对人脸图形识别绩效的影响显著;随着作业难度加大,被试图形识别的首视点注视时间显著增加;人脸图形识别中,显示条件对信息取样注视比率影响显著．而显示方式显著影响信息取样点数量．     

Joan as Jesus: A Feminist Theological Analysis of Dreyer's The Passion of Joan of Arc

The aim of this article is to explore Carl Theodor Dreyer's portrayal of Joan of Arc in his film The Passion of Joan of Arc (1928) as a female Christ‐figure. At the same time I argue that the film can serve as an important dialogue partner in ongoing christological discourse. The conclusion is that Dreyer's Joan provides a vivid image of Jesus Christ that challenges our fixation on Jesus’ maleness, and helps us to understand better what we really mean when we claim that God, dressed in flesh, became human, like us, female or male.     

Attachment‐style differences in the appraisal of the attachment figure

The present study investigated the distinctive effects of global and specific attachment styles on the processing of attachment‐figure cues, focusing specifically on the role of cognitive inhibition. We manipulated the temporal accessibility of specific attachment styles and measured automatic inhibitory processes using a negative affective priming (NAP) task presenting positive and negative words. We also measured one's explicit attitude towards the attachment figure. Results showed that specific, but not global, attachment styles influenced the processing of attachment‐figure cues. We also found that participants primed with a secure attachment style showed a better inhibition of negative traits than those primed with an insecure style. At the explicit level, the anxious attachment types showed a more negative evaluation of their attachment figure than primed secures. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

图形推理任务中儿童策略获得的发展机制

运用微观发生学设计对30名6岁儿童在矩阵填充任务中策略获得的发展机制进行了研究。结果发现：(1)从策略获得点前的错误类型分析,这个阶段主要是元认知机制起决定作用,图形推理的策略获得是一个渐进过程;(2)从反应时的变化趋势分析,元认知机制仍起决定作用,而在策略获得后期,联结机制代替元认知机制起决定性作用;(3)从自我解释中提到的维度分析,也表明元认知机制起着决定性作用,但联结机制在某些题目维度上已经逐渐“竞争”超过了元认知机制。     

The Facilitative Effects of Ambiguous Figures on Creative Solution

Empirical studies of creativity emphasize the importance of ambiguity advantage in idea generation and creative problem‐solving. This study examined whether ambiguous figures could directly induce a mind‐set that would transfer to the creative problem‐solving. In Experiment 1, we examined whether presentation of ambiguous figures would influence participants' performance in alternative uses tasks, and the results showed that prior exposure to ambiguous figures significantly enhanced participants' performance in the dimension of fluency, flexibility, and originality than those exposed to non‐ambiguous figures; in general uses tasks, there were no significant difference in the reaction time and originality between the ambiguous figure condition and non‐ambiguous figure condition. In Experiment 2, the facilitative effect of ambiguous figures on creative thinking was further examined with creative story generation tasks that demand more mental effort and increased cognitive load. Results showed that creativity of stories generated in ambiguous figure condition was scored significantly higher than those in non‐ambiguous figure condition. The current research extends our understanding of the facilitative effect of ambiguous figures on creative problem‐solving.     

一次有关数字脑图的调查记实

本研究是在哲学教学过程中,用心理学方法对学生进行思维训练的意外收获,通过对604名大学一年级学生的问卷调查,发现在三分之二以上人的大脑中,对数字的记忆是有脑图的,没有脑图的人是相同,有脑图的人,其图形多种多样,精彩纷呈。数字在人脑中究竟是怎样存在的？这是从毕达哥拉斯时代就为哲学家关注的课题。本文在调查的基础上得出了几点推论,并就脑图的形成及其对记忆和思维的影响等提出疑问。     

"沙盘游戏"的理论分析及其在幼儿教育中的应用研究

受荣格积极想象技术及其理论的启发 ,吸收了威尔斯 (H .G .Wells)、玛格丽特·洛温菲尔德 (MargaretLowenfeld)等人有关儿童游戏理论与操作之精要 ,多拉·卡尔夫 (DoraKallf)在 2 0世纪 6 0年代初创设了“沙盘游戏”理论。沙盘游戏作为一种有效而独特的挖掘人类潜意识的技术 ,在国外的发展非常成熟 ,应用十分广泛 ;而国内缺乏对该理论的引介与探讨 ,我们结合正在广州育才幼儿园所做的个案研究 ,概要介绍沙盘游戏的理论与操作 ,进而探索“沙盘游戏”在幼儿园教育实践中的具体应用。