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951.
师生关系在青少年发展中的作用全国大城市抽样调查 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
1640中国青少年(平均年龄14.5岁)以及他们的父母和老师参加了一次全国城市青少年抽样调查.该调查的目的是为了研究师生和亲子关系对青少年发展的影响(如学生成绩,心理健康,利他行为和问题行为).结果发现师生关系与青少年发展有很高的相关,甚至超过亲子关系与青少年发展的相关.另外,师生关系等与青少年发展的相关程度不受性别及年龄的影响,此研究的发现指出教师在中国青少年发展中的重要作用,进一步加强了一个正在起步的研究领域--非父母成人(包括教师)在青少年发展中的作用. 相似文献
952.
选取北京市三所中学620名初一和初二的学生为被试,采用追踪调查的方式,先后两次(间隔为九个月)让被试报告其家庭功能和问题行为,以探讨青少年家庭功能和问题行为的发展变化情况,以及家庭功能与青少年问题行为的因果关系。研究发现:(1)青少年的家庭功能和问题行为均存在一定的稳定性,但在任务完成、沟通和卷入方面存在变化,均为后测功能不如前测功能;而危害健康行为随着年龄的增长呈显著下降趋势。(2)家庭功能的每个方面均与青少年问题行为呈显著相关,即家庭功能发挥越好,青少年的问题行为也相应越少。(3)交叉滞后回归分析的结果表明,在更大程度上是家庭功能影响着少年的问题行为,进一步回归分析表明,家庭功能中的卷入维度对青少年问题行为具有显著的预测作用。 相似文献
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Albert D. Farrell Terri N. Sullivan Wendy Kliewer Kevin W. Allison Elizabeth H. Erwin Aleta L. Meyer Layla Esposito 《Journal of School Psychology》2006,44(3):169-190
This study examined the occurrence of problem situations in the peer and school domains and their relation to adjustment among urban adolescents. Students from three urban middle schools (N = 176) serving a predominantly African American population rated 61 problem situations identified in a previous qualitative study and completed measures of adjustment. Ratings of frequency and difficulty confirmed the relevance of these situations for this population. Confirmatory factor analyses suggested that covariation in the frequency and difficulty of problem situations could be represented by separate factors representing peer situations involving friends, other peer situations, and school situations. The number of different problem situations experienced was significantly correlated with physical and relational aggression, delinquency, depression, anxiety, and self-worth. Several of these relations were strongest for peer situations that did not involve friends. There were few gender differences in the strength of these relations. 相似文献
956.
Does anticipated future racial discrimination undermine African-American adolescents' academic motivation and performance? Do face-to-face experiences with racial discrimination at school undermine African-American adolescents' academic functioning? Does African-American ethnic identity buffer these relations? This paper addresses these questions using two waves of data from a longitudinal study of an economically diverse sample of African-American adolescents living near Washington D.C. The data were collected at the beginning of the 7th grade and after the completion of the 8th grade. As expected, the experiences of day-to-day racial discrimination at school from one's teachers and peers predicted declines in grades, academic ability self-concepts, and academic task values. A strong, positive connection to one's ethnic group (our measure of ethnic identity) reduced the magnitude of the association of racial discrimination experiences with declines in both academic self-concepts and school achievement. Most youth responded to anticipated future discrimination with increased academic motivation. 相似文献
957.
Gwendolyn Y. Davis Ph.D. Howard C. Stevenson Ph.D. 《Journal of child and family studies》2006,15(3):293-307
Ecological barriers like racism and discrimination can weigh heavily on the shifting emotions of adolescents. We investigated the relationship of racial socialization experiences to the depression symptoms of 160 Black adolescents, including lethargy, low self-esteem, cognitive difficulties, social introversion, irritability, guilt, pessimism, sad mood, instrumental helplessness, and overall depression. Cultural pride socialization was inversely related to adolescent reports of lethargy and low self-esteem while alertness to discrimination socialization was positively related to instrumental helplessness and gender differences were found. Multiple regression findings showed that racial socialization experiences add significantly more predictability of depression symptoms over and above gender, neighborhood risk and resources. Recommendations for the family, mental health professionals and for the development of culturally relevant social interventions are provided. 相似文献
958.
Theodore Fallon Jr. M.D. M.P.H. Andres Pumariega M.D. Wesley Sowers M.D. Robert Klaehn M.D. Charles Huffine M.D. Thomas Vaughan Jr. M.D. Nancy Winters M.D. Mark Chenven M.D. Larry Marx M.D. Albert Zachik M.D. William Heffron M.D. Katherine Grimes M.D. M.P.H. 《Journal of child and family studies》2006,15(2):140-152
The Child and Adolescent Level of Care System/Child and Adolescent Service Intensity Instrument (CALOCUS/ CASII) is designed to help determine the intensity of services needed for a child served in a mental health system of care. The instrument contains eight dimensions that are rated following a comprehensive clinical evaluation. The dimensions are risk of harm, functionality, co-morbidity (psychiatric, substance abuse, development disability and medical), environmental stressors, environmental supports, the child's resiliency, and the child and family's willingness to engage in treatment. An algorithm connects the ratings to a level of care recommendation. The instrument specifies six levels of care defined flexibly enough to consider whatever services are available. The results of psychometric testing using raters with a broad range of clinical experience and training from four different systems of care around the country are presented. The testing demonstrates excellent reliability when rating vignettes. Using children and adolescents in live system of care clinical settings, the CALOCUS/CASII demonstrates reasonable validity when compared with the Child Global Assessment Scale, and the Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale. 相似文献
959.
The examination of a student’s racial identity beliefs along with the extent to which being Black is a central part of his
or her self-concept provides a novel, insightful approach to understanding the relationship between racial identity and academic
achievement (Chavous et al., 2003,). Using Sellers et al. (1998a) Multi-dimensional Model of Black Identity (MMBI) as a framework,
this study investigated racial centrality, public regard and private regard beliefs in relation to the grade point average
of African–American high-school students. A total of 289 African–American students from a large urban district participated
in this study. Cluster analyses conducted on the three subscales of the MMBI on separate samples of 9th and 12th grade students
replicated three of four racial identity profile groups previously identified by Chavous et al. (2003). Additionally, among
both 9th and 12th grade students, Alienated students achieved significantly higher grade point averages than did Idealized students. 相似文献
960.
为了解女大专生的自主学习策略与学业等级关系,随机整群选取了学前03大专毕业班的147名女生进行了自主学习策略问卷调查。结果发现:女大专生自主学习策略水平处于一般中等水平,她们较多采用复述策略、规范策略;较少采用批判思考策略和计划策略。学业低分组女大专生在复述策略得分上显著高于高分组,在其它策略得分上均显著低于高分组。影响女大专生学业成绩的是批判策略、组织策略、复述策略、监控策略等因子共同影响的结果,但复述策略阻碍学业成绩提高和发展。 相似文献