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231.
3~5岁儿童对假装的辨认和对假装者心理的推断 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
研究设置了三种条件:玩具条件、替代物条件和虚构物条件;测查了3~5岁的儿童对假装的辨认和对假装者心理的推断。结果表明:(1) 大部分3岁儿童就能辨认假装,但是对假装心理的推断到5岁才逐步形成;(2) 3~5岁儿童对假装的辨认和对假装者心理的推断还受支持物的影响;(3) 3~5岁的学前儿童主要倾向于从外部特点理解假装 相似文献
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采用DRM范式,探讨不同表象编码时间和不同表象编码加工程度对基于词表的错误记忆的影响。在学习阶段,被试对呈现的词进行记忆。在测试阶段,被试在每个词列表学习结束后立即对该词列表进行自由回忆,分心任务结束后进行再认测试。实验结果发现:(1)被试在5秒编码条件下的错误记忆率显著低于3秒编码条件下的错误记忆率;(2)在5秒表象编码时间条件下,深加工组被试的错误记忆率显著低于浅加工组。这说明在较长的编码时间里,时间越长记住的细节信息越多,错误记忆率越低;加工程度越深,错误记忆率越低。 相似文献
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235.
Peter Goldberg 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2004,85(4):823-840
This paper draws attention to a particular use of the body, one in which basic psychical security is achieved through a radical detachment from body vitality, necessitating the creation of a coercive regime of psychosomatic control and autostimulation for purposes of artificial enlivenment of the self. When the personality is organized predominantly along the lines of a systematic dissociation (and then pseudo-integration) of the mental and the somatic realms of psychical life, the psyche-soma undergoes a far-reaching transmutation: the desiring body is eclipsed and replaced with a fabricated body. Clinical observation of this set-up is obscured by the fact that, in these cases, the body is deployed in a 'realistic' manner, rather than in a recognizably symptomatic way. It is, indeed, the hallmark of a successful somatic false-self organization that the colonization of the body is disguised as natural, ego-syntonic and compatible with social norms. The treatment approach requires a broadening of analytic attention to apprehend shifts in states of consciousness and psychophysical cues. 相似文献
236.
The Prospects for Prospect Theory: An Empirical Evaluation of International Relations Applications of Framing and Loss Aversion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
William A. Boettcher III 《Political psychology》2004,25(3):331-362
International relations theorists have tried to adapt prospect theory to make it relevant to the study of real-world decision-making and testable beyond the constraints of the laboratory. Three experiments with undergraduate samples were conducted in an effort to clarify the advantages and limitations of prospect theory as adapted to explain political behavior. The first experiment tested hypotheses regarding the impact of prospect framing on group polarization, but these were only weakly supported. The second and third experiments examined alternative adaptations of the concept of framing; the results suggest that the political science expansion of the concept of framing may, under certain conditions, produce clear and robust preference reversals. 相似文献
237.
西方关于自闭症研究的新进展——与心理理论的关系研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
自闭症是一种罕见的身体机能失调的综合病症。本文阐述了西方关于自闭症研究的新进展,其中分别介绍了自闭症的重要症状、自闭症起因的理论假设以及自闭症与心理理论的关系研究。在阐述的过程中强调了心理理论的缺失是自闭症产生的重要原因。 相似文献
238.
Fuzzy-Trace Theory and False Memory 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
A key problem confronting theories of false memory is that false-memory phenomena are so diverse: Some are characteristic of controlled laboratory tasks, others of everyday life; some occur for traumatic events with legal consequences, others for innocuous events; some are characteristic of one developmental level, others of another developmental level. Fuzzy-trace theory explains false memories via a small set of principles that implement a single representational distinction. Those principles generate new predictions, some of which are counterintuitive. 相似文献
239.
Takayuki Goto Kenshiro Ichimura Ryunosuke Oka Yuta Kawamura Takashi Kusumi 《The Japanese psychological research》2019,61(2):83-93
Applying the stereotype‐content model, which categorizes stereotypes into two dimensions (warmth and competence), we investigated whether gender‐stereotype‐related concepts activate other concepts on the same dimension and concepts on the other dimension. To test this, we conducted two experiments, both based on the Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm. In Experiment 1, we conceptually replicated the results of previous research, which revealed that when trait‐related words are presented to participants, gender‐stereotype‐related concepts induce the later false recognition of stereotypically consistent non‐presented words. Then, in Experiment 2, we revealed that exposure to gender‐stereotype‐related concepts induces the false recognition of non‐presented words relevant to stereotypical concepts on the same dimension, but not those on the other dimension. We conclude by discussing the underlying process of ambivalent stereotype activations, referring to implicit processes and system justification. 相似文献
240.
Americans are sorting ideologically: Liberals and conservatives are more likely to respectively identify as Democrats and Republicans. They are sorting socially as well: Partisans like and trust copartisans more than opposing partisans. Existing explanations for these phenomena rely on exogenous factors, such as elite polarization. But exogenous explanations cannot fully explain variation in sorting. We argue that psychological characteristics can help explain the tendency to sort ideologically or socially. Specifically, we investigate an individual’s responsiveness to internal values versus normative social pressures as a determinant of sorting. We test this theory with several nationally representative surveys, as well as one survey experiment, and find strong support that an individual’s own tendency to respond to social cues, as opposed to ideological values, has important consequences for this process. Our work allows for a better understanding of the psychological factors that promote partisan sorting and for interpreting variation in the degree to which citizens sort into partisan groups. 相似文献