The reliability and construct validity of scores on the Japanese version of an academic self‐concept scale for a sample of college students1

Abstract: This study investigated the internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity of scores on the Japanese version of the Dimensions of Self‐Concept (DOSC) academic self‐concept scale for a sample of 177 students at a small Japanese private college. Confirmatory factor analyses showed promising support for the construct validity of scores on the six factor subscales (Level of Aspiration, Anxiety, Academic Interest and Satisfaction, Leadership and Initiative, Identification versus Alienation, and Stress), representing the six hypothesized constructs of academic self‐concept. Internal consistency reliability of scores on the six subscales ranged from 0.82 to 0.87.     

石河子地区老年人骨质疏松性骨折影响因素调查分析

分析石河子地区骨质疏松性骨折老年人的影响因素。采用现场调查的方法,对2010年10月～2011年7月在石河子大学医学院第一附属医院和石河子市人民医院住院的60岁及以上400名骨质疏松性骨折患者进行一对一问卷调查。单因素分析,性别、年龄、父亲髋部骨折史、母亲髋部骨折史、当前是否吸烟、糖尿病史、高血压病史、类风湿性关节炎病史、既往骨折史、是否每日饮用浓茶、是否进行体育锻炼是影响本地区骨质疏松性骨折的因素。多元线性逐步回归分析,性别、父亲髋部骨折史、母亲髋部骨折史、当前是否吸烟、类风湿性关节炎病史是影响本地区骨质疏松性骨折的主要因素。影响石河子地区骨质疏松性骨折的因素是多方面的,其影响因素可为干预本地区未骨折的社区老年高危人群提供科学参考依据。     

中国人格量表编制的本土化研究

为了深入探究中国人人格特质与结构,并编制本土化人格量表; 本文综合QZPS、CPAI-2及CPFFI的因素命名特征,编制出包含116个项目的人格词汇评定表。通过对1455名被试人格词汇评定结果的探索性分析,最终确定7个维度的人格词汇评定量表。该该量表7个因素对总变异的贡献率为51.63%,内部一致性信度在0.663-0.912之间,总量表的内部一致性信度为0.800; 7个因素的重测信度在0.700～0.874(p<0.001)之间。研究结果显示情绪性与外向性两个人格特质是人们共有的人格特质内容,该人格量表中的其他人格因素既有与西方人格因素趋同的方面,也有中国文化背景下本土化内容。同QZPS、CPAI-2及CPFFI相比,该人格因素结构几乎可以包含以上3个模型的绝大多数人格因素内容,且结构清晰全面。     

人际自立与抑郁的关系

前期研究显示人际自立与抑郁负相关, 本研究用两个调查来进一步探索人际自立与抑郁关系的价值与特点。研究一使用青少年学生人际自立量表、社会依赖量表中文修订版和自评抑郁量表对471名有效被试进行了调查, 结果发现：①人际主动、人际灵活与社会依赖无关; ②在控制了社会依赖后, 人际自立对抑郁仍有显著的负向预测作用。研究二使用青少年学生人际自立量表、症状自评量表中的抑郁分量表、社会支持评定量表对287名有效被试进行了调查。结果发现, 调节模型不被支持, 社会支持在人际独立、人际开放、人际主动与抑郁的关系中起到中介作用。综上所述可以认为：人际自立负向预测抑郁的能力很可能不会受其他抑郁相关人格的明显影响, 很可能是新的抑郁的保护性人格因素; 人际因素很可能在人际自立与抑郁的关系中起到中介作用。     

The Japanese Multidimensional Attitudes Scale Toward Persons With Autism Spectrum Disorders1

This study aimed to develop a Japanese Multidimensional Attitudes Scale (J-MAS) as a useful instrument to assess negative attitudes toward persons with autism spectrum disorder among typical Japanese persons. Five hundred and fifty-two Japanese participants completed the Japanese translation of the original version of the MAS, which was derived via the translation/back-translation method. An exploratory factor analysis revealed four factors (Cognitions, Negative Affects, Behaviors, and Calm) that corresponded to the factor model of the original version of the MAS. Nine items were statistically negligible, accordingly. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the factor model of the J-MAS is fairly good, and preferable to the factor models of the English, Spanish, French, Korean, and German versions for a sample of typical Japanese persons. These results indicate that the J-MAS provides a valid assessment of attitudes toward persons with autism spectrum disorder among typical Japanese persons.     

Exploratory factor analysis in transportation research: Current practices and recommendations

Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is a widely used statistical method in traffic and transportation research, particularly for the development and validation of measurement instruments. This article critically examines current practices in conducting and reporting EFA in published transportation studies. One hundred and eighty papers published between 2016 and 2018 were examined, of which eighty-two were included in the present study after applying eligibility criteria. The review suggests that the quality of EFA reported in the field is routinely poor: (a) researchers fail to provide sufficient information to be able to adequately assess the appropriateness and quality of both the input data and the reported output; and (b) the decisions underlying the choices of EFA methods are not justified and rely mostly on procedures advised against, particularly the Little-Jiffy approach. In summary, a significant gap between current practice and experts' recommendations exists. We provide some guidelines that may help in conducting, reporting and reviewing EFA in transportation research.     

Burnout‐depression overlap: Nomological network examination and factor‐analytic approach

Burnout has been defined as a condition in which individuals are left exhausted by a long‐term confrontation with unmanageable job stressors. The question of whether burnout reflects anything other than depressive responses to unresolvable stress remains an object of debate. In this 911‐participant study (83% female; mean age: 42.36), we further addressed the issue of burnout‐depression overlap. Burnout was assessed with the exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory‐General Survey (MBI ‐GS ) and depression with the PHQ ‐8. The relationships of burnout and depression with three job‐related variables – illegitimate work tasks, work‐nonwork interference, and job satisfaction – and three “context‐free” variables – social support, general health status, and trait anxiety – were examined. Burnout and depression were found to be strongly correlated, to cluster together, and to exhibit overlapping nomological networks. Remarkably, the average correlations of burnout and depression with job‐related variables were almost identical. A principal component analysis and a principal axis factor analysis both showed that the items of the MBI ‐GS and of the PHQ ‐8 loaded on a single dimension. All in all, our findings are consistent with the view that burnout is a depressive condition. The distinction between burnout and depression may be an instance of the jangle fallacy.