《Cognitive Systems Research》2019

Zero-Shot Recognition (ZSR) has gained its popularity recently owing to its promising characteristic that extends the classifiers to the unseen classes. It is typically addressed by resorting to a class semantic space to transfer the knowledge from the seen classes to unseen ones. Therefore, constructing the effective interactions between the visual space and the class semantic space is the key for ZSR. In this paper, under the assumption that the distribution of the semantic categories in the semantic space has an intrinsic manifold structure, we propose two manifold embedding-based ZSR approaches to capture the intrinsic structures of both the visual space and the class semantic space, i.e., ME-ZSR and MCCA-ZSR. Specifically, ME-ZSR builds embedding from visual space to semantic space, while MCCA-ZSR explores to embed both visual and semantic features into a common space. The linear, closed-form solutions make both methods efficient to optimize. Extensive experiments on three popular datasets AwA, CUB and NAB validate the effectiveness of both methods.  相似文献   

    

Giorgia Cona  Gianvito Laera  Nicola Edelstyn  Patrizia S. Bisiacchi 《Journal of Neuropsychology》2019,13(3):398-416

Identifying the neurocognitive mechanisms that lead individuals remembering to execute an intention at the right moment (prospective memory, PM) and how such mechanisms are influenced by the features of that intention is a fundamental theoretical challenge. In particular, the functional contribution of subcortical regions to PM is still unknown. This study was aimed at investigating the role of the medial subdivision of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (mMDT) in PM, with particular focus on the processes that are mediated by the projections from/to this structure. We analysed the performance of a patient (OG) with a right-sided lesion involving the mMDT in a series of PM tasks that varied for focality (i.e., overlapping of processes for the PM and ongoing tasks) and emotional valence of the stimuli, comparing the patient's performance with that of a control group. We found that the mMDT damage led to deficits in PM that were modulated by focality and emotional valence. OG indeed showed: a greater cost in the ongoing performance when a non-focal PM task was added; a slowing down in retrieving the intentions, in particular when these were associated with focal PM cues; an abnormal performance in the task with positive PM cues. Our findings provide evidence of a contribution of mMDT to PM and suggest a modulation of prefrontal-dependent strategic monitoring and a possible interaction with the limbic structures in the integration of emotion and PM processes. They also give support to the still controversial idea that connections with the perirhinal cortex mediate familiarity-based recognition.  相似文献   

Physiological Stress and Face Recognition: Differential Effects of Stress on Accuracy and the Confidence–Accuracy Relationship     

《Journal of applied research in memory and cognition》2019,8(3):367-375

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Meike Ramon  Anna K. Bobak  David White 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2019,110(3):495-498

This article provides a response to five excellent commentaries on our article ‘Super‐recognizers: From the lab to the world and back again’. Specifically, the response summarizes commonalities between these commentaries. Based on this consensus, we propose a flexible framework for the assessment of superior face recognition and outline guiding principles to advance future work in the field.  相似文献   

    

Christel Devue 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2019,110(3):483-485

In this commentary, I will expand on three aspects suggested by Ramon et al. (2019, British Journal of Psychology, 110, 461) to improve the predictive value of laboratory‐based tasks in real‐world applications. There are potential benefits that may arise from three interrelated considerations, particularly in terms of predicting agents’ susceptibility to errors in operational settings. The first is a proposal to conduct a detailed examination of performance on face processing tests rather than only analysing overall accuracy scores. The second involves considering non‐face‐related cognitive and meta‐cognitive sub‐processes involved in face processing tasks. The third highlights the contribution of superior recognisers in creating challenging tests that simulate difficult real‐world situations.  相似文献   

    

Paul Redding 《Inquiry (Oslo, Norway)》2019,62(5):586-606

ABSTRACT

Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit provides a fascinating picture of individual minds caught up in “recognitive” relations so as to constitute a realm—“spirit”—which, while necessarily embedded in nature, is not reducible to it. In this essay I suggest a contemporary path for developing Hegel's suggestive ideas in a way that broadly conforms to the demands of his own system, such that one moves from logic to a philosophy of mind. Hence I draw on Hegel's “subjective logic”, understood in the light of modern modal logic, in an attempt to model the way minds might be thought as connected by way of shared intentional contents. Here, we should not be surprised at some of the parallels that emerge between the approaches of Hegel and the modal logician Arthur Prior, as Prior had testified to the influence of his teacher, John N. Findlay, who himself had strong Hegelian leanings. In the final section, Robert Stalnaker's version of possible-world semantics is suggested as a framework within which Hegel's recognitive account of the mind might be understood.  相似文献   

    

Jiaying Wang  Yiqun Gan 《International journal of psychology》2019,54(3):397-405

The current study explored the influence of need for cognitive closure (NFCC) on preventive coping via its effects on the attention‐recognition stage and sought to determine whether this influence was moderated by individuals' existing knowledge. An experiment involving 90 university students used the vignette‐reading paradigm to explore the relationships between NFCC, attention and preventive coping behaviour. The results indicated that when preventive coping situations were consistent with participants' previous knowledge, people with high, relative to low, NFCC were more inclined to use preventive coping strategies. As a stage of preventive coping, gaining awareness of potential stressors mediated the relationship between NFCC and preventive coping. However, when coping situations were inconsistent with participants' knowledge, the relationship between NFCC and preventive coping was non‐significant.  相似文献   

    

Hana Hawlina  Alex Gillespie  Tania Zittoun 《创造性行为杂志》2019,53(2):133-144

The relationship between diversity and creativity can be seen as paradoxical. A diversity of perspectives should be advantageous for collaborative creativity, yet its benefits are often offset by adverse social processes. One suggestion for overcoming these negative effects is perspective taking. We compared four dyads with low scores on trait perspective taking with four dyads who were high on trait perspective taking on a brainstorming task followed by reconstructive interviews. Trait‐based perspective taking was strongly associated with greater creativity. However, contrary with expectation, interactional perspective taking behaviors (including questioning, signaling understanding, repairing) were associated with lesser creativity. The dyads that generated the fewest ideas were most likely to get stuck within ideational domains, struggling to understand one‐another, having to elaborate and justify their ideas more. In contrast, the dyads that generated many ideas were more likely to recognize each other's ideas as valuable without extensive justification or negotiation. We suggest that perspective taking is crucially important for mediating diversity in the generation of new ideas not only because it enables understanding the perspective of the other, but because it entails an atmosphere of tolerance, playfulness, and mutual recognition.  相似文献   

    

Amity Noltemeyer  Michael Petrasek  Karen Stine  Katelyn Palmer  Cricket Meehan  Emily Jordan 《Journal Of Applied School Psychology》2018,34(3):215-241

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《International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies》2018,15(2):128-135

The paper proposes the value of a number of psychoanalytic concepts in the understanding of the intra‐psychic, interpersonal and transpersonal processes that are involved in recognition. It is argued that there is an urgent need for such understandings, given the current “disadvantage gap indices.” The importance of dreaming (as a manifestation of what Bion calls “alpha functioning”), in the form of collaborative partnerships which can facilitate recognition, is highlighted. The value of an adaptation of Fairbairn's Endopsychic Model as a means of understanding tensions that may develop in such partnerships is also considered, as is Bion's concept of the “container‐contained”. This latter concept is also proposed as a useful psychoanalytic lens through which to understand how a colonial invasion destroyed a vital container‐contained relationship for Aboriginal people and the traumatizing effect this had on individuals and communities. The paper concludes by suggesting how partnering initiatives, especially those which involve psychoanalytic understanding, might make a modest contribution to the aims of recognition and their over‐arching goal of uniting our nation and bringing all Australians together on an equal footing.  相似文献