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101.
Barbara Hoff Esbjrn Sonja Breinholst Bianca Munkebo Christiansen Lotte Bukh Monika Walczak 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2019,60(4):323-328
Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for child anxiety. However, access to treatment is limited. It has been suggested that low‐intensity formats of parent‐delivered CBT may improve access to treatment. Our aim was to develop and pilot‐test the acceptability and effect of a low‐intensity therapist‐guided parent‐delivered group program for anxious children (age 7–12 years) adjusted to the Scandinavian culture. The program required 1.5 hours of therapist‐time per family. Mothers, fathers and children reported on revised child anxiety and depression scale (RCADS) at referral, pre‐ and post‐treatment. Mothers and fathers also gave a qualitative account of their experiences. Thirty‐one families were enrolled and only one family dropped out. Mean age of the children was 9 years. Intent‐to‐treat analyses revealed significant reductions in anxiety and depressive symptoms from pre‐ to post‐treatment for all informants. Large effect sizes were found for child anxiety symptoms as reported by mothers and fathers, and for child depressive symptoms as reported by mothers. Medium to large effect sizes was found for the self‐reported anxiety symptoms by the children, and for depressive symptoms reported by both children and fathers. More than 93% of the parents would recommend the program. Results suggest that our program may provide a new approach to improve access to treatment for anxious children in Scandinavia; however, further research must be conducted before firm conclusions can be drawn. 相似文献
102.
Ivey G 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2008,89(1):19-38
This critical review of the current disputes concerning countertransference enactment systematically outlines the various issues and the perspectives adopted by the relevant psychoanalytic authors. In the light of this the 'common ground ' hypothesis concerning the unifying influence of contemporary countertransference theory is challenged. While the existence of enactments, minimally defined as the analyst's inadvertent actualization of the patient's transference fantasies, is widely accepted, controversies regarding the specific scope, nature, prevalence, relationship to countertransference experience, impact on the analytic process, role played by the analyst's subjectivity, and the correct handling of enactments abound. Rather than taking a stand based on ideological allegiance to any particular psychoanalytic school or philosophical position, the author argues that the relative merits of contending perspectives is best evaluated with reference to close process scrutiny of the context, manifestation and impact of specific enactments on patients' intrapsychic functioning and the analytic relationship. A detailed account of an interpretative enactment provides a context for the author's position on these debates. 相似文献
103.
Sequeira Sdos S Specht K Hämäläinen H Hugdahl K 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2008,49(4):305-310
It has previously been shown that the right ear advantage in dichotic listening to consonant-vowel syllables is affected if a background noise is presented at the same time as the dichotic stimuli. What is not known is, however, if there is also an effect of varying the intensity level of the background noise. We therefore presented conversation or traffic noise background noise simultaneously with the dichotic syllable stimuli to healthy adult subjects. The intensity of the background noises varied between 50-65 dB in steps of 5 dB. The results showed that the right ear correct reports decreased, while left ear correct reports increased as a consequence of increasing background noise intensity. The effects were also stronger for the right ear, and for the traffic background noise condition, particularly at the two highest intensity levels. The results are discussed in terms of alertness and attentional mechanisms. 相似文献
104.
105.
朱宁 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2009,30(3):13-17
心房纤颤增加缺血性脑中风4倍~5倍,抗凝治疗可减少60%的缺血性脑中风,但是同时会增加出血的风险,尤其是脑出血。我国是脑中风,特别是出血性脑中风的高发国家,所以对于房颤抗凝的临床决策往往偏保守,造成我国房颤患者抗凝比例很低。本文就如何在我国房颤患者中进行抗凝提出意见。 相似文献
106.
不同刺激强度训练后一日龄小鸡的记忆形成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一日龄小鸡,分别接受不同浓度的回避性刺激物邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯(MeA)训练,间隔一定时间后测试记忆保持。主要结果为:5%和20%MeA训练,分别使动物记忆保持15分钟和50分钟左右,相当于记忆形成多阶段模型中的STM和ITM阶段。40%MeA训练,记忆保持到训练后8-10小时,相当于不依赖新糖蛋白合成的LTM形成的早期阶段。只有60%以上浓度的MeA训练才使记忆保持至少24小时。上述结果提示,利用弱化训练的方法,不仅可以将STM,ITM和LTM分离开,而且可把LTM形成的早期阶段分离出来独立研究,增加了对LTM新的理解,为进一步探讨记忆形成机制提供了一条新的途径。 相似文献
107.
108.
Maurice Apprey 《Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies》1999,1(2):131-143
There are many clinical methods for understanding and transforming the impact of historical trauma, and reinventing the self in the clinical process. However, the approach advocated here requires that regardless of what clinical method of intervention is chosen, a particular strand must run through the process of treatment to produce durable and meaningful change. This strand must run through psychoanalysis, creative and expressive arts therapies, as well as many forms of intervention in aggrieved communities. The strand includes understanding human suffering, the way that particular suffering is mentalized by the victimized group and subsequently reenacted by generations to come. In technical terms there must first be many profiles of understanding of the historical injury. Then there must be an understanding of how the aggrieved community has stored in their communal memory those psychological hurts—those feelings of humiliation and changing historical accounts of the actual injuries. Subsequently those sendimentations of historical grievances are enacted within the transference in the clinical situation where the grievances are not only staged, but re-staged, distorted or extended. Then comes the most decisive obligation the clinician has towards the analysand, patient, client or community that is attempting to transform itself. That decisive obligation is to extract the errand or ambush towards extinction and to undergo the unpleasant drudgery of constantly engaging the mandate to die or destroy oneself in order to find new and more flexible forms of adaptation. 相似文献
109.
M T Hynan 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1976,25(3):401-409
In two studies, free-roaming male rats (aggressors) were shocked in the presence of male target rats restrained in either an upright or a supine posure. In addition, in Experiment II, two levels of aggressor shock intensity (0.8 mA or 2.0 mA) were used while targets received one of three levels of shock (0.5 mA, 1.5 mA, or 2.5 mA). In both studies, upright targets were attacked less than supine targets. Frequency of aggression was directly related to level of aggressor shock intensity in Experiment II. Also, attack by 0.8-mA aggressors against supine targets was inversely related to level of target shock intensity. The low level of attack against upright targets was interpreted in terms of a threat diaplay. Similarily, it was concluded that the target shock-intensity effect in Experiment II was due to specific threat behaviors displayed by those supine rats that received the highest-intensity shocks. 相似文献
110.