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431.
432.
不同认知风格小学生的外显和内隐记忆发展研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以小学三年级和五年级146名学生为被试,采用2(年级:三年级、五年级)×2(图片类型:具体图片、抽象图片)×2(认知风格:冲动型、反省型)混合设计,依据Gruppuso等人提出的单一测验加工分离程序的范式,对不同认知风格小学生的外显记忆和内隐记忆发展进行了探讨。结果发现.外显记忆具有明显的年龄特征,内隐记忆则无。认知风格对外显记忆未表现出显著的影响。五年级反省型被试的内隐记忆成绩显著高于同年级冲动型被试的成绩。 相似文献
433.
Paul R. Nail Katrina E. Bedell Casey D. Little 《Personality and individual differences》2003,35(8):152
Conducted in the fall of 2000, this study investigates personality and social variables that should predict attitudes regarding the desirability of prosecuting President Clinton for perjury following the expiration of his term (in January of 2001). Prosecution was favored by High Preference for Consistency (PFC) more than Low PFC individuals, by High Self-Esteem more than Low Self-Esteem individuals, and by Republicans more than Democrats. In addition, PFC and Party Affiliation interacted: High PFCs wanted Clinton prosecuted regardless of Party Affiliation, but Low PFCs desired prosecution strongly only if they were Republicans. Overall, the results are consistent with the general self-theory principle that human beings tend to adopt attitudes and positions that restore, maintain, or enhance self-esteem. 相似文献
434.
Recent research has recognized that many people simultaneously hold positive and negative attitudes about important political issues. This paper reviews the concept of attitudinal ambivalence and introduces a survey measure of ambivalence adapted from the experimental literature. An analysis of two statewide telephone surveys of Florida voters reveals that (1) a number of voters have ambivalent attitudes about abortion rights; (2) the amount of ambivalence varies according to the circumstances (elective versus traumatic) under which an abortion is obtained; (3) ambivalence about elective abortions is essentially unrelated to ambivalence about traumatic abortions; (4) voters who support abortion rights are more ambivalent about elective abortions than about traumatic abortions, whereas the pattern is reversed for abortion rights opponents; and (5) extreme views in support of or opposition to abortion rights can sometimes mitigate the amount of ambivalence felt by voters. 相似文献
435.
该研究对北京市男性未成年犯与一般青少年的自尊特点进行了对比研究,结果表明,他们的内隐自尊水平没有显著差异;外显自尊方面,除身体自尊外,未成年犯在整体自尊、学业自尊、人际自尊、家庭自尊以及品德自尊均显著低于一般青少年;未成年犯在元自尊各个因子,即自尊调节、目标意识、自我检查、监控策略、现状意识上均非常显著低于一般青少年;未成年犯的外显自尊和元自尊有显著相关,和正常少年相比,少年犯的内隐自尊、外显自尊和元自尊处在不同的发展水平,且存在显著的分离现象,即外显自尊和元自尊低于正常少年,而内隐自尊和正常少年无显著差异。 相似文献
436.
采用开放式与封闭式问卷相结合的方式对27对60~84岁(M=69.93±5.89)的老年夫妻测查了老年人夫妻依恋风格及夫妻冲突的特点。结果表明,老年人夫妻冲突具有低频率、低强度、较低的威胁性、较高的建设性及易解决的特点;不同依恋风格的老年人夫妻冲突的强度、频率、冲突解决程度均不存在显著差异;在冲突性质上,安全型依恋风格老年人感知到的冲突建设性显著高于不安全型依恋风格个体,但其感知到的冲突威胁性无显著差异;老年夫妻对冲突的感知存在冲突知觉一致性效应。 相似文献
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Treating conditionals as probabilistic statements has been referred to as a defining feature of the “new paradigm” in cognitive psychology. Doing so is attractive for several reasons, but it complicates the problem of assessing the merits of conditional arguments. We consider several variables that relate to judging the persuasiveness of conditional arguments with uncertain (probabilistic) premises. We also explore ways of judging the consistency of people's beliefs as represented by components of conditional arguments. Experimental results provide evidence that inconsistencies in beliefs are more prevalent if the arguments’ components are spatially and temporally dispersed than if they are contiguous in space and time. This supports the idea that assuring the consistency among even a small number of beliefs is difficult to do, especially if the beliefs in question are not brought into consciousness at the same time; but consistency can be enhanced when beliefs are considered simultaneously or nearly so. 相似文献
440.