Reducing skin picking via competing activities

This study examined the outcomes of a competing activities intervention to decrease skin picking exhibited by a 9-year-old student with comorbid diagnoses. Results of an ABCBAB design revealed that the use of student-selected manipulatives resulted in reduced skin picking.     

Toward a more natural medicine

Modern science and culture attempt to dominate and control nature. Unfortunately contemporary medicine has followed this lead. Traditionally religion has recognized the order and goodness in the natural order and has encouraged followers to comply with the rules of nature. Medicine, from Hippocratic times, has viewed the physician as an assistant to nature. Contemporary medicine, while employing modern science, would be well advised to also recognize the healing effects of religion's admonition to acknowledge and respect the wisdom of nature.     

How to Regulate a Practice: The Case of Cosmetic Surgery

How should a practice, subservient to a public good, be regulated in order to guarantee fair access without encouraging improper claims? In the first place, a clear understanding of the goal of the practice is indispensable for knowing what criteria the regulation must contain. As to the purely formal aspect, the regulation of any practice must include both general rules and particular instances. Finally, to resolve conflicts, committees in which different kinds of expertise are represented should be installed. These three theses are illustrated by the Dutch regulation for cosmetic surgery.     

科学临床思维与临床决策

临床医学不仅是经验科学,更是思维和决策的科学,养成科学的临床思维方式是每位医生的首要目标。本文介绍科学临床思维的理论基础和训练方法,进一步阐述科学临床决策的实施步骤,以提高医生的临床思维能力,使其思维真实与病人的客观真实相统一,以便更好地为病人服务。     

医管、医患双重博弈研究

在中国,老百姓"看病难,看病贵"问题已饱受各方诟病多时,政府不断出台的政策却收效甚微。通过分析医疗机构、管制者和患者所面临的风险与收益、行为与选择、医疗机构与管制者之间的重复博弈,医疗机构与患者之间的一次性博弈,提出医疗机构与管制者、医疗机构与患者的双重博弈假说。指出了"药价虚高"的根源以及解决的可能途径。     

合理用药中用药时间的研究

为了研究用药时间、用药间隔、停药时间对合理用药的影响,确定用药的最佳时间、最佳间隔,以达到高效低毒的效果,为临床合理用药提供依据。以“时辰药理学”理论为依托,阐述时间因素对药物在体内的吸收、分布、代谢、排泄的影响。因此,时间是合理用药最重要因素之一,在用药过程中,我们应将时间和剂量看成同等重要。     

比较治疗专家系统在临床诊断中的应用

比较治疗专家系统是比较治疗学在临床应用的一个方向,它也是辅助医生临床诊断的一种智能化的工具。本文比较了现有各种知识表示方法的优缺点,简要介绍了比较治疗专家系统在医疗诊断中的研究现状;通过分析现存问题提出了一个可行性的研究方向。     

NICE帕金森病指南与循证医学的人文精神

循证医学是一种人性化的医学实践方法,最近发布的英国国家临床最优化研究所(NICE)帕金森病(PD)指南,即《帕金森病诊断与管理指南——第二次咨询稿》,充分体现了PD诊疗决策中的人文关怀和循证医学的人文精神。作者从NICE指南的指导思想、医患交流及姑息护理阐述了PD诊治中的人文思想和循证医学对医学人文精神的不断追求。     

临床决策的基本思路

临床决策是临床工作的科学规划和策略抉择。其范畴包括管理、科研、教学和医疗。诊断决策应遵循6个步骤:资料的收集、甄别、分类、分析、判断和验证;思路方法上要正确处理现象与本质、局部与整体、共性与个性、静态与动态等4个关系。治疗决策应从性质与目的、治本与治标、中医与西医、总体与个体、病理与心理、医生与病人、效果与效价等7个方面提出科学可行的原则和措施。