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901.
从动物权利的讨论看道德的交互性本质 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
道德的交互性是人类道德生活的基本特征之一。有关动物权利的讨论能为我们清楚地揭示出这一点。它主要指向收益和负担之间的某种程度的均衡,对人类的道德实践提出了真正的挑战。 相似文献
902.
Slobodanka Vladiv-Glover 《Studies in East European Thought》2006,58(3):205-238
Mamardašvili’s ‘classical’ paradigm of knowledge is seen to be minimally based on extrapolations from Descartes’ classical
philosophy to which Mamardašvili attributes features that rather anticipate his own post-classical ontology. The latter is
oriented towards the primacy of perception as a subjective process, in which the self-conscious subject constructs the world,
not as illusion, but as a ‘picture’ or ‘model’ (Wittgenstein’s Bild). By examining Mamardašvili’s definition of the ‘phenomenon’ against the␣background of Husserl’s ‘reduction’, Wittgenstein’s
‘object’ and the Freudian and post-structuralist psychoanalytic model of subjectivity, the paper arrives at the inference
that Mamardašvili is essentially a post-Structuralist thinker who appropriates concepts from various critical and philosophical
disciplines to construct his own multi-disciplinary theory of consciousness and perception. 相似文献
903.
哲学性向、生活事件与精神信仰关系的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该文从实证的角度,探讨哲学性向、生活事件与精神信仰的关系。研究表明:1)哲学性向对宗教、神灵、金钱、家族崇拜起负向作用;对政治、国家和民族主义起正向作用。2)生活事件对神灵、生命和家庭起负向预测作用;生活事件通过与哲学性向的交互作用对民族信仰起预测作用。 相似文献
904.
Lara Descartes 《Journal of Adult Development》2006,13(3-4):137-147
Qualitative data are used to examine parents’ support to their adult children, and their motivations and feelings about it.
The sample is 40 adult children and parents from four racial/ethnic groups: African-Americans, Asian-Americans, non-Latino
Whites, and Latinos. Ideals of adult independence versus interdependence emerge as determinants of feelings about aiding adult
children. The ambivalence concept provides the means to elucidate the tensions between these ideologies and children’s structurally
shaped circumstances. Parental assistance to adult children was seen as acceptable for education, home ownership, and on behalf
of young children, especially if the child was “working hard.” Parents still provided aid, however, even if these conditions
were not met. In these situations, more intrafamilial tension characterized the aid transfer. 相似文献
905.
This paper presents a theoretical framework that advances current understanding of motivational and affective causes and consequences
of small group processes and behaviors. Theories on the approach and avoidance systems of motivation state that these systems
are active in the presence of potential positive or negative outcomes, respectively. In many instances, groups are associated
with rewards and are perceived to facilitate positive outcomes (“strength in numbers”), and are a source of security and thought
to reduce the occurrence of negative outcomes (“safety in numbers”). Accordingly, group membership and interaction should
impact activation of group members’ approach and avoidance motivation systems. Thus, systematic group influences on mood,
information processing, perceptions, attention, and behavior should be expected. The integration of approach and avoidance
theories with small group research can potentially broaden our knowledge of the group experience, and lead to a theoretical
framework for investigations of goal-directed behaviors in group settings. 相似文献
906.
Who's Gay? Does It Matter? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ritch C. Savin-Williams 《Current directions in psychological science》2006,15(1):40-44
ABSTRACT— To answer the question "Who's gay?"—and its logical follow-up, "Does it matter?"—researchers usually define homosexuality with reference to one of three components or expressions of sexual orientation: sexual/romantic attraction or arousal, sexual behavior, and sexual identity. Yet, the three components are imperfectly correlated and inconsistently predictive of each other, resulting in dissimilar conclusions regarding the number and nature of homosexual populations. Depending on which component is assessed, the prevalence rate of homosexuality in the general population ranges from 1 to 21%. When investigators define the homosexual population based on same-sex behavior or identity, they enhance the possibility of finding a biological basis for homosexuality and a compromised mental health (suicidality). 相似文献
907.
本研究拟考察早期各种情绪性成分及其交互作用对学前儿童问题行为和社交能力的影响。被试为299名儿童及其父母。母亲在儿童6和14个月时报告儿童的各种情绪性成分,父母在儿童48个月时分别报告儿童的问题行为和社交能力。结果发现:(1)6个月时的受限后沮丧和恐惧不能显著预测学前儿童的问题行为与社交能力,但14个月时的受限后沮丧能显著正向预测外显问题行为,恐惧能显著正向预测内隐问题行为,负向预测社交能力。6和14个月时的微笑/大笑均能显著正向预测社交能力。(2)在14个月时,恐惧能显著负向预测高受限后沮丧的学前儿童的社交能力,但不能显著预测低受限后沮丧的学前儿童的社交能力;在14个月时,恐惧能显著负向预测低微笑/大笑的学前儿童的社交能力,但不能显著预测高微笑/大笑的学前儿童的社交能力。 相似文献
908.
909.
910.
Stephanie J. Tarle Connor H. G. Patros Elaine F. Arrington Delanie K. Roberts 《Child neuropsychology》2019,25(5):664-687
The stop-signal paradigm is the premier metric of behavioral inhibition in contemporary attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) research. The stop-signal paradigm’s choice-reaction time component, however, arguably places greater demands on working memory processes (e.g., controlled-focused attention) relative to alternative inhibition metrics (i.e., go/no-go (GNG) tasks), and consequently obscures conclusions about inhibition and working memory deficits in affected children. The current study, therefore, aimed to determine whether shared variance between stop-signal behavioral inhibition and working memory performance in children with ADHD reflects overlap between the working memory and inhibition constructs or insufficient specificity of the stop-signal paradigm. Fifty-five children (8–12 years) with and without ADHD were administered established phonological (PH) and visuospatial (VS) working memory measures, as well as stop-signal and GNG tasks that vary with respect to demands on controlled-focused attention. Although working memory and GNG performance each uniquely predicted children’s inattention, stop-signal task performance was not a significant predictor of unique variance in inattention, above and beyond variance associated with working memory. Collectively, these findings suggest that performance on the stop-signal task, compared to the GNG task, is confounded by greater demands associated with working memory and consequently reflects an impure estimate of the inhibition construct. 相似文献