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排序方式: 共有163条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Common resource dilemmas involve collectively coordinating individual choices to promote group efficiency. Equal division represents one of the most important coordination rules. Previous research suggests that individuals follow the equality rule for different reasons. Some individuals behave cooperatively out of their concern for other's welfare, whereas some individuals cooperate strategically to enhance personal gains. Building on the dual‐process perspective, the authors aim to differentiate strategic fairness from true fairness in solving a resource dilemma. In four experiments, the effect of cognitive processing manipulations on individual harvesting behavior in a one‐shot resource dilemma was tested against participants with different social values. Results consistently showed that prosocials, who value joint outcome and equality, requested significantly less money than did proselfs, who value personal gain. More importantly, prosocials in the intuition and deliberation conditions request similar amounts, whereas proselfs in the intuition condition request more money than those in the deliberation condition. The results were further validated by a follow‐up meta‐analysis based on the four experiments. The implications of the dual‐process perspective for social coordination research are discussed. 相似文献
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Frédérique Lesaulnier 《Médecine & Droit》2019,2019(158):103-111
France has a very rich legal framework, which defines the conditions of access and use of health data for scientific research purposes and ensures their protection. Currently, this legal framework is undergoing revision. The European regulation of April 27th 2016 on protection of natural persons in relation to the processing of personal data came into effect in EU member states since 25th May 2018 and substitute a rationale of administrative process for a rationale that empowers the researchers to document and prove compliance with the regulation (“accountability”). This regulation must be coordinated with the other regulation applicable to research in UE and with national law. 相似文献
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James S. J. Schwartz 《Theology & Science》2019,17(3):324-331
I review Mars science goals, including those associated with the study of Mars’ past and present habitability, as well as those associated with understanding Mars’ atmosphere and climate. I argue that Mars settlement initiatives would likely frustrate attempts to satisfy many of these goals, and therefore that it would be prudent for the Mars science community to prioritize those investigations most threatened by human settlement of Mars. 相似文献
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医护人员对患者权利的保护情况调查分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用现场问卷方式调查统计结果表明:大部分医护人员了解患者的相应权利,对患者权利具有一定的保护意识,但部分患者权利保护不足,存在易发生医患纠纷隐患,需要引起临床医护人员的重视,不断加强法制观念教育. 相似文献
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Speers MA 《Science and engineering ethics》2005,11(1):53-59
This paper was given as a keynote address at the international conference on Ethics of Intellectual Property Rights and Patents
held in Warsaw, Poland on April 23–24, 2004. The address was the introductory presentation to the important topic of protecting
individuals who participate in research as research subjects. 相似文献
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During the fall of 2001 (October 22–25), The Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority (NRPA) and the Agricultural University
of Norway arranged a consensus conference on the protection of the environment against ionising radiation. The motive for
the conference was the need to study the ethical and philosophical basis for protection of nature in its own right. The conference
was funded by Nordic Nuclear Safety Research (NKS), in cooperation with the International Union of Radioecology (IUR). The
National Committee for Research Ethics in Science and Technology (NENT) was hired as facilitators for the consensus process.
This paper will give a brief outline of the aims and method of the conference, distinguishing these from other kinds of consensus
conferences. The paper ends with some general reflections on the appropriateness of seeking consensus on ethics-related issues
among experts. 相似文献