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801.
Despite mounting evidence that first-born children are overrepresented among incumbents in political office, there is no consensus about the cause of this overrepresentation. Some stress the impact of differential parenting, arguing that the first-born receive a larger share of parental resources and have a greater need to live up to parental expectations. Others emphasize the interaction among siblings, arguing that first-born children are better prepared for power struggles, having experience both as followers and as leaders within the family. This study, using birth-order data for nearly 1,200 incumbents in various offices in local and national politics in the Netherlands, found more support for the parental impact perspective. Singletons were also overrepresented among incumbents, whereas middle-born children were underrepresented. The data suggest that this birth-order effect is weaker among younger generations and is more pronounced among women. 相似文献
802.
Predictive Validity of Adult Attachment Measures in Relation to Emotion Regulation Behaviors in Marital Interactions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Donald Bouthillier Danielle Julien Monique Dubé Isabelle Bélanger Manon Hamelin 《Journal of Adult Development》2002,9(4):291-305
This study examined the predictive validity of 2 assessment approaches to adult attachment in relation to emotion regulation behaviors during marital conflict interactions. Both partners of 40 couples completed the Adult Attachment Style self-report (AAS; C. Hazan & P. Shaver, 1987), the Adult Attachment Questionnaire (AAQ; J. A. Simpson, 1990), the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; C. George, N. Kaplan, & M. Main, 1985), and a videotaped interaction during which the partners engaged in a problem-solving discussion. The discussions were coded by means of the Interactional Dimensions Coding System (IDCS; D. Julien, H. J. Markman, & K. M. Lindhal, 1989). Results showed that AAI classification predicted proactive emotion regulation behaviors, whereas the AAS and the AAQ did not. Issues concerning the predictive validity of current measures of adult attachment are discussed. 相似文献
803.
804.
Extant theory holds that variation in attachment security is largely determined by caregiver sensitivity whereas disorganization has its roots in atypical interactions that frighten the infant. These hypotheses were confirmed in the current study of a high-risk sample but, contrary to current theory, both atypical maternal behavior and maternal sensitivity were also significant independent predictors of attachment disorganization and security. 相似文献
805.
Many studies concur that students’ perceptions of their home and school environments, such as relationships with parents and
teachers, are related to their academic self-concept (for example, Chang et al., Int J of Behav Dev 27(2):182–189, 2003; Ireson and Hallam, Br J Educ Psychol 75:297–311, 2005; Jang, J Kor Home Econ, 39:101–114, 2001; Lau and Leung, Br J Educ Psychol, 62:193–202, 1992; Lau and Pun, Social Behav Pers, 27(6):639–650, 1999; Masche and Barber, “Connectedness and separation in parent-adolescent relationships: Indicators of
a successful identity development.” Paper presented at the SRCD Biennial Meeting, Minneapolis, MN, April 19–22, 2001; Sanders,
“School–family–community partnerships and the academic achievement of African American, urban adolescents.” Report No. 7.
EDRS. ED 402404, 1996). Nonetheless, little is known about whether the strength of the relationships is comparable for students
of different ability streams, or if the predictors of variance of their academic self-concept are similar. To fill the empirical
gap, a 3-year longitudinal study was conducted with Secondary One students (approximate age 13) from three government schools
in Singapore. Pearson product–moment correlation and Fisher’s z
r transformation showed that there were significant differences in the strength of the relationships between higher- and lower-ability
stream students’ academic self-concept and their perceived home environment and classroom climate. In addition, stepwise multiple
linear regressions established that lower-ability stream students’ perceived teachers’ expectations had more consistent and
substantial impact on their confidence level than that of their higher-ability stream counterparts. In comparison, higher-ability
stream students’ perceived parental academic support had more consistent impact on their academic self-concept than that of
their lower-ability stream peers. 相似文献
806.
The sense of agency concerns the experience of being the source of one’s own actions and their consequences. An altered sense of agency can occur due to task automation and in psychosis. We tested in a non-clinical sample the hypothesis that reducing voluntary task control diminishes intentional binding as an implicit indicator of the sense of agency, possibly interacting with psychosis-relevant personality traits. Agent-device interactions were manipulated obtaining positive-control (voluntary interaction), no-control (automation), and negative-control (device-commanded interaction) groups. The main results showed reduced prospective intentional binding (predictive coding of action consequences) in the no-control and negative-control groups, compared to the positive-control group. Psychosis-like experiences covaried positively with intentional binding in the no-control group, but negatively in the negative-control group. Moreover, positive-social traits were associated with increased intentional binding in the positive-control group. These findings demonstrate the interplay between environmental and individual differences variables in establishing the implicit sense of agency. 相似文献
807.
808.
Despite the presence of forward‐looking religious leaders at higher levels, there is little recognition and understanding among local‐level leaders about climate change and the irreversible impacts of global warming. This article illustrates this lack of insight among religious leaders and provides suggestions to increase their awareness of the environmental crisis and its solutions. It uses as examples Islamic teachings that Muslim muftis can use to protect the environment, and emphasizes religious leaders’ influence, roles, and responsibility in establishing justice for the earth, for the next generations, and for all creation. Although most of the facts and examples in this article are from a Middle East and North Africa Region and Islamic perspective, its arguments can be applied generally. 相似文献
809.
Sarah E. Fredericks 《Zygon》2019,54(2):354-381
In Consecrating Science: Wonder, Knowledge, and the Natural World, Lisa H. Sideris makes a compelling case that a new cosmology movement advocates for a new, universal, creation story grounded in the sciences. She fears the new story reinforces elite power structures and anthropocentrism and thus environmental degradation. Alternatively, she promotes genuine wonder which occurs in experiences of the natural world. As Sideris focuses on the likely logical outcome of the assumptions and arguments of the new cosmologies, she does not investigate whether and how people react to these new myths. I suggest that methods of documentary studies, applied to popular book reviews on Amazon and Goodreads, shed light on the ramifications of the new cosmologies among the general public. While many reviewers exhibit attitudes and behaviors that would concern Sideris, responses are far from univocal. Using this case as a guide, I suggest that attention to the experience of laypeople could contribute productively to religion and science research in general. 相似文献
810.
落实当代护理伦理职责存在的问题及对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在临床护理实践中,要落实当代护理伦理职责尚存在不少问题,例如忽视多元文化护理、关爱与人性化服务不够以及不能充分认识和维护患者的权利。要解决这些问题,宜促进护理伦理学课程改革,努力提高护士自身素质;同时,营造理想的医疗护理伦理环境,加强管理,也是落实当代护理伦理职责的必由之路。 相似文献