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961.
Impact of Worry on Career Thoughts,Career Decision State,and Cognitive Information Processing Skills
Sixty-nine Amazon Mechanical Turk workers completed the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Berle et al., 2011), the Career Thoughts Inventory (Sampson et al., 1996a), and the Career State Inventory (Leierer et al., 2017). Worry was significantly correlated with negative career thinking and its dimensions of decision-making confusion and commitment anxiety, with readiness and its dimensions of clarity and certainty, and with the self-assessed cognitive information processing skills of self-knowledge, options knowledge, decision-making, and executive processing. Worry was also found to predict the degree of readiness for career decision-making, negative career thinking, and cognitive information processing requisite skills. 相似文献
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963.
本研究就国人的群体关系与问责对谈判者行为及信息共享意愿进行考察,试图探讨文化对谈判者的影响。通过对128名在校大学生的模拟谈判实验,发现谈判者在群内谈判比在群际谈判时有更高的信息共享意愿和更少的强硬行为,群体关系和问责对信息共享意愿及主观利益冲突有交互效应。具体而言,高度问责时,谈判者在群内谈判比群际谈判时有更多的信息共享意愿;低度问责时,谈判者在群内谈判比群际谈判时有更少的主观利益冲突。 相似文献
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966.
从两个方面综述了高水平视觉表征中客体与位置的联系,即客体信息影响位置记忆和客体-位置捆绑。其中,客体信息影响一般的位置记忆及其偏向(如位置估计偏向于区域中央或偏向客体的功能部位)。而有关客体-位置捆绑,以往研究发现确实存在这种捆绑,它离不开背景客体的参与,并且背景客体间的空间关系影响它的形成。未来的研究应关注客体信息影响位置记忆的其他证据及背景捆绑改变条件下客体-位置捆绑的存在与否,并探讨位置信息对客体记忆的影响。 相似文献
967.
Temperamental variables such as trait anxiety are risk factors in children for the development of anxiety disorders. This experiment aimed to test whether temperament moderates the effect of verbal threat information on the physiological component of the fear emotion. An experiment is reported in which 6-10 year old children's (N = 54) fear beliefs about novel animals were measured. They were then given threat, positive or no verbal information about these animals following which their heart rate was recorded while they placed their hands in boxes that they believed these animals inhabited. Children also completed a questionnaire measure of trait anxiety. Child-reported temperament moderated the effect that threat information has on the physiological component of the fear emotion. Fear information is, therefore, a possible mechanism through which temperament leads children to acquire animal fears. 相似文献
968.
Selective Exposure in the Internet Age: The Interaction between Anxiety and Information Utility 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nicholas A. Valentino Antoine J. Banks Vincent L. Hutchings Anne K. Davis 《Political psychology》2009,30(4):591-613
The rise of the Internet forces scholars to reevaluate the frequency and nature of political information seeking in the contemporary period. The functionality of the Internet makes passive exposure more difficult, and selective information seeking easier, than in the past. However, people may also use the Internet in a new and directed way—to arm themselves with information to express and defend their views either online or in the real world. The central question we explore in this paper is what explains balanced versus biased information seeking in the era of the Internet? We combine insights from Sears and Freedman (1967 ) with newer work on emotion to predict motivated selectivity: focusing specifically on the interaction between anxiety and information utility. Our central theoretical claim is that anxiety does not simply boost any information seeking; it triggers information seeking that is useful for addressing the problem at hand. Anxiety alone, therefore, does not guarantee a balanced information search. When counterattitudinal information is useful for some reason—for example, to defend their own opinions to others who may disagree—anxious citizens should seek it out. As a consequence, these subjects should learn more specific information about where each candidate stands on the issues. In an experiment we find support for these hypotheses. We conclude that while today's flexible Internet environment may permit selectivity, balanced seeking should still occur under a fairly common set of circumstances. 相似文献
969.
Deductive inference is usually regarded as being “tautological” or “analytical”: the information conveyed by the conclusion
is contained in the information conveyed by the premises. This idea, however, clashes with the undecidability of first-order
logic and with the (likely) intractability of Boolean logic. In this article, we address the problem both from the semantic
and the proof-theoretical point of view. We propose a hierarchy of propositional logics that are all tractable (i.e. decidable
in polynomial time), although by means of growing computational resources, and converge towards classical propositional logic.
The underlying claim is that this hierarchy can be used to represent increasing levels of “depth” or “informativeness” of
Boolean reasoning. Special attention is paid to the most basic logic in this hierarchy, the pure “intelim logic”, which satisfies
all the requirements of a natural deduction system (allowing both introduction and elimination rules for each logical operator)
while admitting of a feasible (quadratic) decision procedure. We argue that this logic is “analytic” in a particularly strict
sense, in that it rules out any use of “virtual information”, which is chiefly responsible for the combinatorial explosion
of standard classical systems. As a result, analyticity and tractability are reconciled and growing degrees of computational
complexity are associated with the depth at which the use of virtual information is allowed. 相似文献
970.