团体宽恕干预在恋爱受挫群体中的运用及其对大学生心理健康教育的启示

为探讨团体宽恕干预在大学生恋爱受挫群体中的应用效果,本研究以31名在恋爱中受到过伤害的女大学生为对象进行6次团体宽恕干预,并设立一般干预组和控制组进行比较。研究结果显示：（1）前测中,三个组在恋爱宽恕问卷的四个维度、抑郁量表、焦虑量表和幸福感量表上均不存在显著差异;（2）后测中,在恋爱宽恕问卷的四个维度上,宽恕干预组均优于控制组,而一般干预组和控制组没有显著差异;在抑郁、焦虑和幸福感三个量表上,宽恕干预组和一般干预组都要优于控制组,但两个干预组之间差异并不显著;（3）前后测比较显示,宽恕干预组在各个指标上均有了显著变化;一般干预组在抑郁、焦虑和幸福感量表的得分上有了显著变化,但在恋爱宽恕的各个维度上（除报复维度）变化不显著;控制组则在各个指标上都没有显著变化。研究表明,面对恋爱受挫群体,宽恕干预的针对性更强,并对大学生的心理健康教育具有一定的启示作用。     

中国大学生应对方式变迁的横断历史研究

为探究近15年来我国大学生应对方式的年代特点,对2001至2015年67篇采用肖计划等人编制的应付方式问卷测量我国大学生（涉及35332名被试）应对方式的研究报告进行了横断历史的元分析。结果表明：（1）近15年来,我国大学生应对方式在“解决问题”“求助”这2个因子上的得分随年代显著上升,总体来说我国大学生愈益倾向于采取积极的应对方式。（2）男生除“解决问题”、女生除“求助”因子没有显著变化外,其余因子都显著升高,而且应对方式各因子得分的性别差异不明显。     

聋人大学生适应量表的修订

聋人大学生在适应方面存在明显不足,这些适应问题既有和健听大学生群体相同的适应问题,又有一些聋人群体存在的特殊适应问题。然而,目前尚无适用于我国聋人大学生适应力测评的标准化工具。本研究以872名聋人大学生为对象,通过访谈和问卷调查,以《中国大学生适应量表（CCSAS）》为基础,基于聋人大学生群体进行了修订,建立《聋人大学生适应量表》。结果表明：（1）问卷包含4个维度,分别是学习适应、人际关系适应、择业适应、情绪适应,共由19个项目组成;（2）修订后的问卷,项目与量表总分相关系数在0.42~0.60之间,项目区分度指标良好。量表内部一致性信度为0.90;量表总分分半信度0.85,量表信、效度指标良好,《聋人大学生适应量表》达到心理测量学指标。     

Consumer Masculinity Behavior Among College Students and Its Relationship to Self Esteem and Media Significance

The purpose of the study was to investigate male college students in the southeastern United States to identify factors associated with consumer masculinity behavior. The variables of self-esteem and media significance were tested as possible predictors of consumer masculinity behavior. A total of 219 surveys were used as the sample for this study. Pearson correlation analysis tested relationships among the variables, and linear regression was used to further test the nature of the relationships identified. Results indicated that media significance and appearance-related self-esteem were significant predictors of consumer masculinity behavior. Limitations and implications are discussed.     

初中生感戴和主观幸福感的干预研究

该研究通过开设班级辅导和“列举恩惠”活动,采用不同的干预方式对初一年级学生进行感戴干预研究,考察不同感戴干预方式对主观幸福感的影响。结果显示：实验班1学生在感戴、生活满意度、积极情感方面的提高水平高于实验班2和控制班;实验班2学生在感戴、生活满意度、积极情感方面的提高水平高于控制班。因此得出结论：班级辅导和“列举恩惠”活动相结合的干预方式与仅采用“列举恩惠”活动的干预方式都可以提高学生感戴和主观幸福感,但是前者比后者的效果好。     

中学生的适应特征及其影响因素

采用《青少年心理健康素质调查问卷》问卷,对1274名中学生的适应状态特征及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明,高中生和初中生的适应及其子维度存在显著差异;不同性别中学生的适应总体上不存在显著的差异。但在生理适应、人际适应和社会适应三个维度上存在显著的性别差异;个性素质、自我、人际素质、应对风格和年级组五个变量对中学生适应有重要的影响作用。     

高等师范院校调剂生学习动机及其与心理健康的关系

以大学一年级新生中的调剂生为调查对象,先后测查了他们间隔六月的学习动机及其心理健康状况。首先探讨了大学生学习动机的整体特点及通过调剂与非调剂生学习动机的横向比较与纵向对比所反映的学习动机的独特性,随后考察了调剂生学习动机与心理健康的关系。研究表明：调剂与非调剂生在学习动机上并无本质的差异,过分夸大两者在学习上的差异并不可取。     

The Factor Structure of Gambling-Related Cognitions in an Undergraduate University Sample

Gambling is relatively common among university students, but few studies examine factors that contribute to gambling behavior in this cohort. Based on evidence that cognitive distortions may play a role in gambling behavior, this study examined the factor structure of gambling-related cognitive distortions using the Gambler’s Beliefs Questionnaire (GBQ; Steenbergh et al., Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 16:143–149, 2002) in a sample of 393 college undergraduates. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test a previously reported two-factor model, comprising dimensions of Illusion of Control (IOC) and Luck/Perseverance (L/P). An oblique, but not orthogonal, two-factor model was confirmed but did not provide an incrementally better fit to the data than a one-factor model. However, multiple regression analyses showed that the L/P scale accounted for significant variance in the criterion when controlling for IOC items. This suggests that IOC items provide redundant information and that gambling-related cognitive distortions in this sample can be adequately assessed using solely the L/P factor.

Nodal structure and the partitioning of equivalence classes

By definition, all of the stimuli in an equivalence class have to be functionally interchangeable with each other. The present experiment, however, demonstrated that this was not the case when using post-class-formation dual-option response transfer tests. With college students, two 4-node 6-member equivalence classes with nodal structures of A-->B-->C-->D-->E-->F were produced by training AB, BC, CD, DE, and EF. Then, unique responses were trained to the C and D stimuli in each class. The responses trained to C generalized to B and A, while the responses trained to D generalized to E and F. Thus, each 4-node 6-member equivalence class was bifurcated into two 3-member functional classes: A-->B-->C and D-->E-->F, with class membership precisely predicted by nodal structure. A final emergent relations test documented the intactness of the underlying 4-node 6-member equivalence classes. The coexistence of the interchangeability of stimuli in an equivalence class and the bifurcation of such a class in terms of nodal structure was explained in the following manner. The conditional discriminations that are used to establish a class also imposes a nodal structure on the stimuli in the class. Thus, the stimuli in the class acquire two sets of relational properties. If the format of a test trial allows only one response option per class, responding on those trials will be in accordance with class membership and will not express the effects of nodal distance. If the format of a test trial allows more than one response option per class, responding on those trials will be determined by the nodal structure of the class. Thus, the relational properties expressed by the stimuli in an equivalence class are determined by the discriminative function served by the format of a test trial.     

Preparing our future counselling professionals: Gatekeeping and the implications for research

Social science research specific to the identification and prevalence of unsuitable students within counselling, psychology, and social work training programmes is briefly reviewed in this article. This area of enquiry relates to the gatekeeping responsibilities of professional educational programmes, to ensure that their graduates are competent to provide ethical and effective practice to the public. Key issues which impede the usefulness of this gatekeeping literature to counselling educators are raised. These include: methodological inconsistencies which limit the comparison of findings and hence the drawing of sound conclusions; the lack of definitional clarity relating to the construct of gatekeeping; and the confusing array of nomenclature used to represent students’ failure to meet acceptable professional standards. It is apparent from this overview that there are common factors irrespective of nomenclature that are associated with students at risk of not becoming competent entry‐level practitioners. This suggests that a structured approach to terminology is appropriate. There is also evidence to suggest that encountering such students is a regular occurrence for faculty, with students indicating higher numbers of impaired students than educators. A working definition of gatekeeping is provided and nomenclature suggested.