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121.
Toshiko K. Isarida Takayuki Kubota Saki Nakajima Takeo Isarida 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》2017,70(3):533-543
The present study reexamined the mood-mediation hypothesis for explaining background-music-dependent effects in free recall. Experiments 1 and 2 respectively examined tempo- and tonality-dependent effects in free recall, which had been used as evidence for the mood-mediation hypothesis. In Experiments 1 and 2, undergraduates (n?=?75 per experiment) incidentally learned a list of 20 unrelated words presented one by one at a rate of 5 s per word and then received a 30-s delayed oral free-recall test. Throughout the study and test sessions, a piece of music was played. At the time of test, one third of the participants received the same piece of music with the same tempo or tonality as at study, one third heard a different piece with the same tempo or tonality, and one third heard a different piece with a different tempo or tonality. Note that the condition of the same piece with a different tempo or tonality was excluded. Furthermore, the number of sampled pieces of background music was increased compared with previous studies. The results showed neither tempo- nor tonality-dependent effects, but only a background-music-dependent effect. Experiment 3 (n?=?40) compared the effects of background music with a verbal association task and focal music (only listening to musical selections) on the participants’ moods. The results showed that both the music tempo and tonality influenced the corresponding mood dimensions (arousal and pleasantness). These results are taken as evidence against the mood-mediation hypothesis. Theoretical implications are discussed. 相似文献
122.
The structural, elastic, electronic and phonon properties of HfX (X = Rh, Ru and Tc) in the caesium-chloride phase have been investigated using the density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation. The optimized lattice constant (a0), bulk modulus (B) and the elastic constants (Cij) are evaluated. The results are in a good agreement with the available experimental and theoretical data in the literature. Electronic band structures and densities of states have been derived for these compounds. The present band structure calculations indicate that the phases of caesium-chloride HfX (X = Rh, Ru and Tc) compounds are metals. Phonon dispersion curves and their corresponding total and projected density of states have been obtained using the direct method. The phonon spectra suggest that these compounds are dynamically stable in the caesium-chloride phase. 相似文献
123.
Michael S. Gordon 《Journal of Cognitive Psychology》2017,29(1):53-64
ABSTRACTListeners made same/different evaluations of a pair of musical presentations separated by a broadband noise. In the first experiment, the pair had either the same or a different: singers voice, language (Spanish or English), and reverberation (dry or very high reverb). A second experiment was conducted using the same vocal melodies played on guitars to emphasize non-linguistic content. In both Experiments 1 and 2, large-scale changes to Reverb were either completely undetected or ignored. A change of language in Experiment 1 supported only minimal sensitivity to change detection. Changes to multiple variables tended to increase listener sensitivity to a stimulus change. The results seem to indicate that the semantic coherence created by a musical background may limit attention to linguistic changes and voicing. Rather, those changes that more directly influence musical quality may be of greater salience in a musical context. 相似文献
124.
本研究在前人研究的基础上进一步探讨音乐对情感词的启动机制。采用内隐情感启动范式,运用脑电技术考察多种情感类型的音乐片段对情感意义一致或不一致的词加工的启动影响。行为实验结果显示,音乐对情感词产生启动效应。脑电实验的结果发现,音乐对情感词的启动效应表现为早晚两个子成分的N400效应,首先是音乐直接引发的情绪产生第一个启动,表现为早成分的N400;其次是音乐通过联想引发的情感语义而产生第二个启动,表现为晚成分的N400。据此可以认为,音乐对情感词的启动是双启动模式。 相似文献
125.
This study examined whether pilots operating a flight simulator completed digital or paper flight checklists more accurately after receiving postflight graphic and verbal feedback. The dependent variable was the number of checklist items completed correctly per flight. Following treatment, checklist completion with paper and digital checklists increased from 38% and 39%, respectively, to nearly 100% and remained close to 100% after feedback and praise for improvement were withdrawn. Performance was maintained at or near 100% during follow-up probes. 相似文献
126.
We examined the effects of manipulating the intensity (i.e., volume) of music on engagement in vocal stereotypy in 2 children with autism. Noncontingent access to music decreased immediate engagement in vocal stereotypy for each participant, but it produced only marginal effects on subsequent engagement in the behavior (i.e., after withdrawal). Manipulating the intensity of music did not produce differential effects on immediate engagement in vocal stereotypy. The implications of the results and applications for future research are discussed. 相似文献
127.
128.
Laure Guilbert Sylvain Leduc Gérard Valléry Ingrid Demailly 《Psychologie du Travail et des Organisations》2010,16(2):104-124
This research is conduced a full year after the implementation of numerous instant messaging services within National Gendarmerie. The objective is to study their use and impact on communication and information management, considering the specificities of this military institution. Our methodology confronts semi-directive interviews with gendarmes and commanders, with observations of real-life, work situations. Results show a rapid integration of messaging systems by those agents. They facilitate a quick circulation of information that can sometimes be seen as too dense, easier communication with colleagues and civilians, a more accessible and much relied-upon command, and eventually transparency that is sometimes perceived as a feeling of control. 相似文献
129.
130.
Although much research has explored emotional responses to music using single musical elements, none has explored the interactive effects of mode, texture, and tempo in a single experiment. To this end, a 2 (mode: major vs. minor) × 2 (texture: nonharmonized vs. harmonized) × 3 (tempo: 72, 108, 144 beats per min) within-participants experimental design was employed, in which 177 college students rated four, brief musical phrases on continuous happy-sad scales. Major keys, nonharmonized melodies, and faster tempos were associated with happier responses, whereas their respective opposites were associated with sadder responses. These effects were also interactive, such that the typically positive association between tempo and happiness was inverted among minor, nonharmonized phrases. Some of these effects were moderated by the gender and amount of musical experience of participants. A principal components analysis of responses to the stimuli revealed one negatively and one positively valenced factor of emotional musical stimuli. 相似文献