Ecologies of care: addressing the needs of immigrant origin children and youth

ABSTRACT

Immigrant origin children and youth are now, and will continue to be, a diverse and demographically important segment of all post-industrial nations’ populations. In order to realize their potential, receiving contexts will need to find effective ways to integrate them into the fabric of their society. Using an ethic of care approach, we must begin by taking a comprehensive perspective on integration, which incorporates both a risk and resilience framework and an ecological perspective. A number of practices have emerged that have promise for positive implications for the schooling performance and educational integration of immigrant students These practices include 1 – short-term newcomer programs; 2 – specialized services for Students with Interrupted Formal Education; 3 – sustained services focused on new language development; 4 – services focused on heritage language development; 5 – providing explicit college pathway knowledge; 6 – summer and after-school academic enrichment programs; 7 – facilitating parental involvement (including translation and interpretation services); and 8 – advisory groups, after-school academic supports, mentoring and health services, and postsecondary supports. Providing the kinds of ecologies of care outlined here will go a long way toward helping these children and youth thrive and become the kinds of contributing members to their new society that will serve our collective future well.     

Understanding own teaching: becoming reflective teachers through reflective journals

Reflective journal facilitates teachers to reflect on their teaching and then generate feedback for the improvement of their classroom practices. This study examined how in-service English teachers in a MA Linguistics program at a US Mid-Western University perceived the influence of reflective journals toward their teaching attitudes. At the time of the research, participants were 25 years of age or older. The findings generated from interviews indicated that most participants were convinced that reflective journals help them become reflective teachers. It also found that most in-service teachers regard reflective journals as an effective tool to increase teaching awareness, and thus improve their performance during teaching.     

Reflecting on being an effective teacher in an age of measurement

This reflective study examines what effective means in terms of teaching in secondary schools in England. The article questions whether quality assurance and observations produce better teachers or better ‘fabricators’. The study explores the pressures of performativity and the resulting fabrication: the ‘ticking of boxes’ in order to be classed as ‘outstanding’ and ‘effective’. A journey to recapture the pleasure in teaching and learning through reflective diaries will be considered. Here the process leads to the outcome without an overemphasis on assessment criteria and performativity or extrinsic motivators which can counter intrinsic motivation and professional judgement.     

EVOLUTION OF RELIGIOUS CAPACITY IN THE GENUS HOMO: ORIGINS AND BUILDING BLOCKS

The large, ancient ape population of the Miocene reached across Eurasia and down into Africa. From this genetically diverse group, the chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, and humans evolved from populations of successively reduced size. Using the findings of genomics, population genetics, cognitive science, neuroscience, and archaeology, the authors construct a theoretical framework of evolutionary innovations without which religious capacity could not have emerged as it did. They begin with primate sociality and strength from a basic ape model, and then explore how the human line came to be the most adaptive and flexible of all, while coming from populations with reduced genetic variability. Their analysis then delves into the importance of neurological plasticity and a lengthening developmental trajectory, and points to their following article and the last building block: the expansion of the parietal areas, which allowed visuospatial reckoning, and imagined spaces and beings essential to human theologies. Approximate times for the major cognitive building blocks of religious capacity are given.     

记忆监控的准确性与有效记忆

以大学生为被试,采用2（记忆方式：自我调控、程序预设）×2（测试间隔：5分钟、3天）的混合设计,考察记忆监控的准确性对有效记忆的影响。结果发现：（1）在即时测试中,“自我调控”组的回忆成绩与“程序预设”组之间的差异未达显著水平,但在延时测试中,后者的成绩显著高于前者;（2）“自我调控”条件下被试的学习判断相对准确,未出现高估;（3）“自我调控”未导致记忆的有效保持,可能是由于被试低估了程序预设那些可暂时提取的词对的作用。     

Reliability and validity of the Japanese language version of Pro‐Change's decisional balance measure for effective stress management1

This study aimed to develop the Japanese language version of Pro‐Change's decisional balance measure for effective stress management (PDSM). Effective stress management refers to activities that are practiced, for at least 20 min per day, to reduce a person's perceived stress. Six hundred and sixty‐five female and 456 male Japanese university and college students participated in this study, which consists of two surveys. Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the Japanese language version of the PDSM was developed, which contains 12 items and consists of two factors, the Pros and the Cons. The levels of internal consistency are acceptable (Pros = 0.78 and Cons = 0.64). The scores for the Pros and the Cons subscores were not affected by social desirability (Pros = ?0.04 and Cons = ?0.12). We confirmed the construct validity of the Japanese language version of PDSM with theoretically predicted relationships between the decisional balance and the stage of change for effective stress management. The Japanese language version of the PDSM with construct validity and reliability was developed.     

诺舒阻抗与宫腔镜两种子宫内膜切除术的比较研究

探讨诺舒阻抗子宫内膜切除术在月经过多患者中的临床应用及优越性。将我院2010年1月至2014年5月行诺舒阻抗子宫内膜切除术的57例患者,纳为治疗组。同期宫腔镜单极子宫内膜切除术的45例患者,纳为对照组,比较两组患者术中情况及术后随访各项指标。发现治疗组的手术时间、术中出血量、膨宫液吸收量、电解质紊乱、术后阴道出血时间、阴道排液时间、宫腔积血、宫腔粘连、药物辅助治疗、再次手术（全子宫切除术）均低于对照组,组间对比有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。诺舒阻抗子宫内膜切除术具有学习曲线短、手术易掌握、操作安全、疗效肯定的优点,是目前子宫内膜切除术的首选方法。     

Equivalent and effective strains during severe plastic deformation (SPD)

ABSTRACT

This paper considers the characteristics of severe plastic deformation (SPD) to estimate its efficacy and to compare different processing techniques. In contrast to effective strains by von Mises and Hencky, the rotation component of the strain rate is included in the analysis as a mode of deformation, which ranges from simple shear to pure shear. Distortions of material elements during a uniform plane plastic flow are calculated using a kinematic approach. For the fixed deformation mode, the current state is defined by the accumulated shears that are identical to the von Mises effective shear strains. In specific cases of pure shear and simple shear, the accumulated shears match the specific distortions of round or square elements prescribed by Hencky or von Mises approach, respectively. The mode of deformation is important to the structural effects of SPD. In general, two separated characteristics, accumulated shear and the coefficient of deformation mode, are necessary to describe strains during SPD.