From Bourdieu and Wolin, `Inside and Outside the Box': A Frame for the Special Issue

Utilizing the writings of Pierre Bourdieu and Sheldon Wolin,this paper introduces a special issue on ``Educational Rights andEntitlements.' Its purpose is to characterize and critique `the box ofliberalism' that both advances and constrains what is conceived andenacted in education. Following it are a set of significantcontributions from the sixth biennial conference of the InternationalNetwork of Philosophers of Education, August 1998, Ankara.     

Young Offenders with Disabilities: Legal Requirements and Reform Considerations

Delinquency rates have been a persistent concern in the United States with juveniles involved in almost a third of arrests for major crimes in 1993. Further, a disproportionate number of youths incarcerated have a disability. Because youths with disabilities in correctional facilities present legal and educational challenges, we explored the parameters of providing appropriate services based on individual needs. Despite applicable federal legislation, the juvenile correctional system often fails to meet the educational needs of those with disabilities (i.e., some youths are denied special education services, services are often inferior to those provided by public schools, and teachers are often inadequately trained). According to federal legislation, juvenile facilities must observe procedural safeguards afforded to those individuals and provide needed services even for pre trial detainees (services, however, may be balanced against legitimate security concerns). Ultimately, state educational agencies have the responsibility for ensuring that youths with disabilities receive a free appropriate education. Promising practices applicable to all youths may include Positive Peer Culture, aggression replacement training, aftercare programs, and research validated instructional interventions.     

对15种测验等值方法的比较研究

此项研究通过试验方法对４种基于经典测验理论的等值方法和１１种基于项目反应理论的等值方法进行了比较研究。研究数据为ＨＳＫ正式考试的数据,研究采用了较为可靠的检验标准。研究结果表明,在有些情况下,进行等值处理并非是最好的选择;在题库建设中,某些ＩＲＴ方法是可行的;至少对于ＨＳＫ数据,不论是单、双、三参数,不论是ｍｓ方法和ｍｍ方法,ＩＲＴ参数转换等值方法的误差都较大,均不足取。     

政策满意度、教师支持对免费师范生职业认同的作用:从教动机的中介效应

本研究以733名免费师范生为被试,采用问卷测量法,考察师范生对免费教育政策的满意度、所感知到的教师支持,及其师范生从教动机与职业认同的特点及其相互之间的关系,并检验了从教动机在政策满意度、教师支持与职业认同之间的中介效应。结果表明：（1）师范生在政策满意度、从教动机上存在年级差异,在职业认同上存在年级和性别差异。（2）政策满意度、教师支持、从教动机与职业认同两两之间均呈显著正相关。（3）政策满意度与教师支持对职业认同的直接效应显著,从教动机在政策满意度与职业认同之间、教师支持与职业认同之间均起部分中介作用,其中从教动机对政策满意度的中介效应显著高于对教师支持的中介效应。本研究围绕这些结果进行了讨论,并提出了相应的建议和对策。     

Parent–child value similarity in families with young children: The predictive power of prosocial educational goals

Value transmission from one generation to the next is a key issue in every society, but it is not clear which parents are the most successful in transmitting their values to their children. We propose parents’ prosocial educational goals as key predictors of parent–child value similarity. Accordingly, we hypothesized that the more parents wanted their children to endorse values of self‐transcendence (helping, supporting, and caring for others) and the less parents wanted their children to endorse the opposing values of self‐enhancement (striving for power and achievement), the higher would be parent–child overall value similarity. Findings from two studies of families – Study 1: 261 Swiss families, children aged 7–9 years; Study 2: 157 German families, children aged 6–11 years – confirmed this hypothesis. The effect was even stronger after controlling for values that prevail in the Swiss and German society, respectively. We integrate evidence from this study of values in families with young children with existing findings from studies with adolescent and adult children, and we discuss potential pathways from parents’ educational goals to parent–child value similarity.     

改良教育心理学:来自认知神经科学的影响

在教育心理学发展了百余年之后,脑研究以认知神经科学的形式,重新回到她的怀抱。认知神经科学对教育心理学的影响,主要体现在能力、学习和教学上;对这两个领域的关系,应采用开放而谨慎态度,以促进各自研究的科学发展。     

"心理发展与教育"的新认识——写在首届"中学和高校的趋势、机遇和挑战——教育家的会议"之后

心理发展和教育的关系涉及到如何从学生心理发展的角度出发,选择适宜的教育模式问题,它是当代发展心理学与教育心理学的一个重要课题。首届"中学和高校的趋势、机遇和挑战——教育家的会议"从自我同一感和道德教育、心理的连续型发展与教育衔接、内隐学习与实践教育出发,就心理发展和教育间的关系提出了一些全新的理解,为解决中等教育实践中的多个问题提供了宝贵的建议。     

对中学超常儿童的教育实验——北京八中首届超常实验班追踪研究

为期四年的超常儿童的教育实验,详细考察了超常儿童在特殊班级教育条件下的学习潜力、认知和个性发展及身体发育等情况。结果显示,这种教育形式既适应了超常儿童较大的学习潜力,促进了他们认知的进一步发展,激发了他们积极的个性特征,而且身体发育良好。从而证明,特殊班级的集体教育对中学阶段的超常儿童是一种有效的教育形式。