Oral behavioral patterns in facial pain, headache and non-headache populations

Patterns of oral behavior have been suggested as factors leading to head and facial pain. The present study evaluated the frequency with which certain oral habits were self-reported by five groups of Ss: Facial Pain. Tension Headache, Migraine Headache, Combined Migraine and Tension Headache and No Pain. Four oral behavior patterns were found to be significantly different among groups. These were diurnal bruxism. thrusting the jaw forward, cupping the chin in the hand and resting the hand on the side of the face. When Ss were reclassified into those reporting no facial pain, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, or a combination of TMJ and jaw muscle pain, the variables of diurnal bruxism and resting the hand on the side of the face were found to predict significantly both pain groups. However, the resting the hand factor was negatively weighted for the TMJ Pain group only. One other factor, nocturnal bruxism. was found to be self-reported at a significantly higher frequency in the Combined Facial Pain group compared to the No Facial Pain and TMJ Pain groups. Discussion focuses on the implications of the present findings on research in the facial pain and headache areas.     

《孙子兵法》与商业经营散论

《孙子兵法》在商业经营中有着非常的启发作用。书中很多军事论断如兵为诡道、致人而不致于人、避实而击虚、不战而屈人之兵等等完全可以用来指导我们的商业活动。     

《序卦》研究辨析

本文就唐宋以来对通行本《序卦》的义理与象数两个方面的研究进行了综述,对各种研究的结果进行了考辨。并在前人研究的基础上提出了个人的看法,指出似乎从当时《易经》成书及揲蓍变卦等方面考虑《序卦》之卦序安排,则可能会得到令人信服的结果。     

邵雍易数哲学探微

本文将分五个部分以论邵雍之易数思想：首先,以天地之数和圆方之数作为天地源起之象征,并以此二数分为十六大位,以穷究天地体用之变化。其次,以阴阳奇偶之数作为天圆地方之数的基础,并以阴阳刚柔之四象、八卦配合干支之数,参以天地变化之数和体四月三之原则,以导出象征生灵万有之动植通数。再次,结合前两部分所探讨之天圆地方变化十六位数和阴阳刚柔奇偶动植通数,以呈现出一体用生物运行具象之数,以此代表天地万物的流行生化之象《天主运行,地主生化》。再次,将天行刚健之数进一步具体细分为元会运世之数．以成就邵雍独创之历法纪年。同时,将地生柔顺之数进一步体现于律吕声音之多元性和差异性来表现动植生物之不齐与参差。最后,以此五类大数施行、旁通而统贯于自然界与人文界之一切万有,以作为邵雍易学中穷理之学的终结。     

Genocide and Mass Killing: Origins, Prevention, Healing and Reconciliation

This article focuses on intense collective violence, especially mass killing and genocide. It briefly presents a conception of their origins, with new elements in the conception and comparisons with other approaches. Various aspects of genocide and mass killing are considered, including their starting points (such as difficult life conditions and group conflict), cultural characteristics, psychological and social processes (such as destructive ideologies), the evolution of increasing violence and its effect on perpetrators and bystanders, and the roles of leaders and of internal and external bystanders. Actions that might be taken by the community of nations and other actors to halt or prevent violence are described. In considering prevention there is a focus on processes of healing within previously victimized groups and reconciliation between hostile groups. A project on healing, forgiveness, and reconciliation in Rwanda is briefly described.     

试析中国国家主导的公民道德建设之合理性

针对中国国家主导的公民道德建设的合理性,从中国共产党性质、目标、任务的先进性、合理性;现代化经济建设的客观要求;社会主义国家文化职能等方面进行阐述,同时,从思想史上对国家职能认识的角度,强调了社会主义中国对国家在道德建设中的作用重视的必要性。     

《周易》古经咸卦本义正解——兼论诸家得失并及艮解二卦

以往对咸卦的解读多不能切近其本义。事实上,咸卦的主题是讲交往处事的道理或原则。关于卦辞,传统解读多基于男女相感来理解,其实卦辞着重强调的是屈身虚己、礼贤下士。关于初爻,诸家均未着眼于足拇趾与其他足趾的不同去体会“拇”的本质特征。依此角度理解,初爻讲的是要重视与外界的交往。解卦九四亦取“拇”象,且与“朋”象相合,比喻能力再强者遇到险难时往往也需要他人的配合支持。关于二爻,诸家多以腓体躁动取象,认为二爻“感物以躁”乃“凶之道”,实则二爻取象腿肚抽筋,喻勿与坏人、恶人相交。艮卦六二亦与腿肚抽筋有关,喻本当止而不得止之,是以有憾。关于三爻,诸家多以股随足或随身而动,不能自处,喻人无主见而听任摆布,基本得其正解。艮卦九三不取股象而取腰限之象,体现了取象的唯变所适之理,喻本不当止而强止之,将会导致严重后果。关于四爻,诸家皆以九四为有心之感而未及无心之感,其实四爻讲的是交往处事要心思端正、以心交心。关于五爻,诸家皆未抓住脢的本质特征。该爻实则是讲交往处事要有奉献精神,甘于做配角。关于上爻,诸家解读大致能得其正解,讲的是交往处事不能夸夸其谈,务必言实相符。     

Response to Barbara Stephens's 'the Martin Buber-Carl Jung disputations: protecting the sacred in the battle for the boundaries of analytical psychology' (journal of analytical psychology, 2001, 46, 3, 455-91)

John Dourley, Response to Barbara Stephens's 'The Martin Buber–Carl Jung disputations: protecting the sacred in the battle for the boundaries of analytical psychology' ( Journal of Analytical Psychology , 2001, 46, 3, 455–91), p.479
Warren Colman, A response to Barbara Stephens , p.492
David Tresan, Response to Barbara Stephens's paper in JAP, 46, 3 , p.494
Barbara D. Stephens, Patterns at play: my response to respondents , p.498     

《易纬·乾凿度》残篇文解析--西汉形上思想的成就

摘要<易纬·乾凿度>残篇文保存下来论气化宇宙的一节文字,这节文字所含的形上思想体系乃是以<易经>哲学为架构并融合了道家思想而成,它反映了汉代形上思想的最高成就.就形上思想的严密结构而论,自先秦以来,唯有此一思想体系能与儒、道两家并立而三.     

构建病人自主择医的现代医学伦理观

“病人选择医生”这一重大改革举措可以得到病人自主择医权和改革实践的有力辩护与支持,同时,为使其形成有序合理格局,并进入可持续发展的正常轨道,也亟需以解决现实重大问题为基础,着力的构建病人自主择医权的现代医学伦理观。这个医学伦理观应由现代的伦理理念框架1管理伦理框架、程序伦理框架构筑成主体框架。