Anomalous brain dominance and the immune system: Do left-handers have specific immunological patterns?

Geschwind and Behan (1982) and Geschwind and Galaburda (1985a, 1985b, 1985c) suggested a correlation between brain laterality and immune disorders. To test whether this hypothesis holds true not only for the frequency of immune diseases and circulating autoantibodies, but extends also to cellular immunity, we examined the association between handedness and markers of cellular immunity. Twenty-seven left-handed and 37 right-handed subjects were serologically screened for cellular parameters and 22 left-handed subjects were typed for human leukocyte antigen (HLA). When compared to the right-handers, the left-handed group showed a significant decrease in the inflammatory cell types CD3(+) T cells (total T cells), CD4(+) T cells (T-helper cells), and HLA-Dr (MHC-II, antigen-presenting cells) as well as in the CD19(+) cells (B cells) and CD16/CD57(+) cells (natural killer cells). We assume a relationship exists between cerebral hemispheric specialisation and the immune system not only for humoral but also for cellular immunity, and we discuss the role of the major histocompatibility complex in neurological and immunological development.     

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) in the New Millenium: A Cross-Cultural Approach

This paper reviews and discusses the results of five cross-cultural studies in Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Spain, and USA, using 2 (college students vs. their parents) × 2 (males vs. females) MANOVA match group designs with the Attitudes and Beliefs Inventory subscales as dependent variables, two multicultural studies investigating the relationship between some demographic variables (Pan American Health Organization's Index of Violence, and Acculturation) and people's Irrationality, and two multidisciplinary studies on the relationship between some medical conditions (skin diseases, and severity of symptoms during menopause) and Irrational Beliefs.     

探析流行病防治的哲学思维

本文以现代医学模式为指导,阐述了辩证思维在流行病学研究领域的应用及其必要性。从系统论和具体问题具体分析论述了传染病和慢性病并重和区别对待的疾控观;通过消除病因和医防一体化以控制流行病。最后得出与哲学思维协调发展是流行病防治基本策略的结论。     

缺血性脑血管病的血管内治疗热点

缺血性脑血管疾病的血管内治疗目前已成为脑血管病治疗研究的热点之一,并以其微创的理念、较好的疗效得到广泛认可,本文重点介绍缺血性脑血管病中支架辅助狭窄扩张、动静脉介入溶栓以及静脉窦血栓形成的发展现状以及存在的问题,并对介入技术在缺血性脑血管病中应用的未来发展方向,作了简要回顾和展望。     

宿主和寄生物的辩证关系

寄生物（包括寄生虫,细菌,真菌,立克次体,病毒等）虽依赖宿主而生存,却不一定对宿主致病,有的反而对宿主有益,根据达尔文的进化论,“自然选择”要求生物在进化中要不断适应环境,适应是生存最重要的条件,不能适应必将死亡,据此,本文对一些常见的自然因素对于宿主和寄生物两方面进行了初步分析,包括寄生物在宿主体内的繁殖速度,寄生物所引起的宿主的症状,其生现象的出现等,并对晚近发现的朊病毒,发生“星际传染性”的     

免疫性疾病治疗新途径：诱导细胞程序性死亡

免疫性疾病是一大类难治性的免疫紊乱而造成的疾病,尤其是自身免疫性疾病的一直困扰着免疫学家。传统的免疫治疗是根据不同疾病的需要增强免疫,调节免疫和抑制的方式进行,以辩证的观点分析免疫的增殖与程序性死亡这一对矛盾,认为：免疫性疾病的本质是免疫细胞增殖与程序性恨的失衡,因而通过诱导免疫细胞程序性死亡将成为免疫治疗的新途径。     

从进化观点看应激对健康的影响

从进化的观点解释了不同生物体应对应激的不同行为策略及其生理基础,和由此引起的对不同应激性疾病易感性的差异。行为策略和生理基础的差异使得一定环境条件下引发的应激反应对不同个体产生了不同的非稳态获益和代价（非稳态负荷)。非稳态的获益和代价影响了健康和疾病间的平衡：攻击性个体由于非稳态调质失调,更可能出现冲动控制障碍、高血压、自身免疫性疾病、慢性疲劳状态等;反之,非攻击性个体由于非稳调质过度释放,更易发生焦虑障碍、抑郁症、代谢综合症等     

用现代医学模式看心血管疾病合并抑郁症的诊疗

随着社会进步,生活节奏日益加快,抑郁症及抑郁情绪已经悄无声息地蔓延开来,心血管疾病已成为城乡居民的第一位死因,分别为心理、生理疾病,从传统医学模式的角度看两者互不相干,但从生理-心理-社会的现代医学模式理解以及各种研究表明它们其实有着密切的联系。     

微生态药物防治儿童感染性疾病

微生态药物包括益生物、益生菌及其复方产品合生素。国外大量临床随机对照试验结果已肯定此类药物用于儿童消化道感染、呼吸道感染等各类感染及 H IV母婴传播等疾病状态中的疗效。微生态药物用于普通婴幼儿群体是安全的,但用于免疫缺陷、患有某些基础疾病、处于临床危象的患儿或早产儿应谨慎。这是由于益生菌为活体,对于其潜在风险如传递细菌耐药、肠道菌群易位及其诱生性感染、诱发乳酸酸中毒和对肠道菌群的长期不良影响等,都需要在临床中仔细体察。本文重点回顾近10年来益生菌、合生素预防和治疗儿童感染性疾病的临床进展。     

Associations of a Sexually Transmitted Disease Diagnosis During a Relationship with Condom Use and Psychosocial Outcomes: (Short) Windows of Opportunity

Few studies have examined whether and how receiving an sexually transmitted disease (STD) diagnosis while in a romantic relationship relates to condom use and psychosocial sexual outcomes. Using dyadic data, we examined associations of a personal or a partner’s STD diagnosis during a relationship with condom use, monogamy intentions, condom intentions and attitudes, and STD susceptibility and communication. Because beliefs about how the STD was acquired may shape associations with behavior and cognitions, gender and suspecting that one’s partner had other sexual partners (i.e., partner concurrency) were examined as moderators. Participants were 592 individuals in 296 couples expecting a baby; 108 individuals had been diagnosed with an STD during the relationship. Personal STD diagnosis was unrelated to outcomes or was associated with increased risk. A partner’s diagnosis related to more positive condom intentions and attitudes. Among men who suspected concurrency, both a personal and a partner’s STD diagnosis were associated with less condom use. Receiving the STD diagnosis during pregnancy was associated with greater susceptibility and marginally greater condom use. Results suggest potential benefits of enhancing communication and encouraging joint risk reduction counseling among couples, engaging men more fully in preventive efforts, and capitalizing on the short window during which risk reduction occurs.