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781.
Paneque M Lemos C Escalona K Prieto L Reynaldo R Velázquez M Quevedo J Santos N Almaguer LE Velázquez L Sousa A Fleming M Sequeiros J 《Journal of genetic counseling》2007,16(4):469-479
Presymptomatic testing for spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) in Cuba started five years ago. We have now investigated the
psychological impact of test results on 150 individuals at 50% risk for SCA2. In a prospective study, psychological instruments
were used to evaluate depression, anxiety and family functioning (1) before testing and (2) one year after disclosure of the
test result. One year after, anxiety and depression levels decreased both in carriers and non-carriers, but anxiety decreased
significantly more in carriers. Pathological levels of anxiety were seen mostly in members of dysfunctional families, but
decreased more in them than in other consultands. Presymptomatic testing thus seems to have been especially beneficial for
these testees, possibly due to a greater gain from the psychosocial support received. It would be pertinent to evaluate now
the impact of other psychosocial variables and perform longer-term longitudinal studies. 相似文献
782.
783.
Condello C Gesuita R Pensabene M Spagnoletti I Capuano I Baldi C Carle F Contegiacomo A 《Journal of genetic counseling》2007,16(5):625-634
We conducted a psychological assessment during oncogenetic counseling for hereditary breast/ovarian cancer. Anxiety and depression
were assessed with the HAD scale, and family functioning and satisfaction with FACES III. HAD was administered at baseline
(t
1), at risk communication (t
2), at genetic test result communication, or at first surveillance in not tested subjects (t
3); FACES III was administered at baseline only. We analysed a total of 185 questionnaires administered to the 37 subjects
studied. Although not pathological, distress was significantly higher at t
2 and t
3 (p = 0.027 and p = 0.039, respectively). Health and marital status were significantly associated with distress. In a disease-free condition,
anxiety was higher (p = 0.027) at t
2, and for single status, depression increased from t
1 to t
2 (p = 0.026). Families were perceived to be well functioning, and subjects were satisfied with their families. The data collected
in this analysis could help to improve the quality of oncogenetic counselling in clinical practice. 相似文献
784.
Bugaiska A Clarys D Jarry C Taconnat L Tapia G Vanneste S Isingrini M 《Consciousness and cognition》2007,16(4):797-808
This study was designed to investigate the effects of aging on consciousness in recognition memory, using the Remember/Know/Guess procedure (Gardiner, J. M., & Richarson-Klavehn, A. (2000). Remembering and Knowing. In E. Tulving & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Memory. Oxford University Press.). In recognition memory, older participants report fewer occasions on which recognition is accompanied by recollection of the original encoding context. Two main hypotheses were tested: the speed mediation hypothesis (Salthouse, T. A. (1996). The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychological Review, 3, 403–428) and the executive-aging hypothesis (West, R. L. (1996). An application of prefrontal cortex function theory to cognitive aging. Psychological Bulletin, 120, 272–292). A group of young and a group of older adults took a recognition test in which they classified their responses according to Gardiner, J. M., & Richarson-Klavehn, A. (2000). Remembering and Knowing. In E. Tulving & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Memory. Oxford University Press. remember-know-guess paradigm. Subsequently, participants completed processing speed and executive function tests. The results showed that among the older participants, R responses decreased, but K responses did not. Moreover, a hierarchical regression analysis supported the view that the effect of age in recollection experience is determined by frontal lobe integrity and not by diminution of processing speed. 相似文献
785.
采用家庭功能评价量表(FAI),青少年孤独感问卷,对北京和两安的1325名初高中生及其父母进行调查。结果发现:(1)在家庭功能问卷的所有维度,亲子间知觉差异显著,青少年的知觉更消极;(2)在家庭功能的所有维度,男孩与父母的知觉差异均大于女孩与父母的差异;沟通维度父子间的差异大于母予差异,冲突与和谐维度母女间的差异大于父女间的差异;(3)不同知觉差异纽青少年的孤独感差异显著,知觉差异水平与孤独感间呈线性关系;亲子阃在冲突与和谐及父母关注维度的知觉差异可以显著预测青少年的孤独感。 相似文献
786.
Escape extinction combined with differential reinforcement for acceptance has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for food selectivity when implemented by trained professionals in clinic settings. This study evaluated the efficacy of parent-implemented escape extinction in the child''s natural environment using video monitoring to train parents and assess intervention efficacy. Parents were able to use intervention to significantly increase bites accepted and decrease problem behavior. 相似文献
787.
Factor analytic studies indicate that family relationships assessed by self-reports may be most clearly and parsimoniously differentiated along three dimensions, namely, Affective Expression, Behavioral Control, and Shared Activity. The present study explored the question of whether this were true of family ratings by outside parties. Confirmatory factor analysis was used with three data sets (n = 97, 91, and 95; N = 283) employing the Beavers Interactional Scales of family functioning. Multicollinearity of the observed variables was a pervasive problem. When the redundancy of the observed variables was pared down so that there were two observed variables for each latent factor, these three factors in oblique relationship provided a good fit to the observed data. 相似文献
788.
Benjamin M. Ogles Gregorio Melendez Diane C. Davis Kirk M. Lunnen 《Journal of child and family studies》2001,10(2):199-212
The development and initial psychometric studies for the Ohio Youth Problems, Functioning, and Satisfaction Scales (Ohio Scales) are described. The Ohio Scales were developed to be practical yet rigorous, multi-content, multi-source measures of outcome for children and adolescents receiving mental health services. Initial studies suggest that the Ohio Scales are promising (reliable, valid, and sensitive to change) measures that can be used to track the effectiveness of mental health interventions for youth with serious emotional disorders. Additional studies are warranted to expand the situations and populations within which the scales are valid. 相似文献
789.
Depression, Psychological Resources, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults 75 and Above
Terry A. Badger 《Journal of Clinical Geropsychology》2001,7(3):189-200
The purposes of this study were (1) to compare psychological resources and health-related quality of life between two groups of community-dwelling elders, 75 years of age and older, with similar chronic illnesses, but with varying levels of depression, and (2) to examine the relationships among depression, psychological resources, and health-related quality of life. Fifty-two elders (14 men and 38 women) were divided into mildly (n = 18) and severely (n = 34) depressed groups based on their depression scores. There were no significant differences between the two groups for demographic and illness characteristics. There were significant differences for number of medications, mastery, health perceptions, mental health functioning, and well-being. Severely depressed elders had poorer health perceptions, and decreased mastery, functioning, and well-being as compared with mildly depressed elders. An explanatory model was developed using factor analysis that fit the data well. Health perceptions and mastery had direct influences on depression, and depression directly impacted well-being. 相似文献
790.