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951.
《The Journal of social psychology》2012,152(6):665-669
ABSTRACT According to terror management theory (TMT; Greenberg, Pyszczynski, 1986), self-esteem protects people from anxiety associated with the knowledge of certain mortality. A number of studies provide evidence consistent with this assertion, but no studies have experimentally examined the effect of threatened self-esteem on death-anxiety. In the current study, self-esteem was manipulated and death-anxiety measured. A self-esteem threat increased death-anxiety relative to a self-esteem boost and non-self threat control condition. 相似文献
952.
An often‐neglected perspective is that work–family incompatibilities are not only intrapersonal role conflicts but also typically involve interpersonal conflicts. This study adopts an episodes approach and uses the theory of cooperation and competition to understand the interaction that promotes resolving work–family conflict incidents. Two‐hundred and four Chinese dual‐career parents each described a specific work–family conflict incident and responded to specific questions to code the interaction. Structural equation analyses indicated that cooperative goals facilitated constructive controversy that in turn promoted high quality resolutions, strong relationships, and confidence in the future of their work and family lives. 相似文献
953.
Constructive conflict management strategies are important in maintaining a positive classroom environment yet little is known about interpersonal or school variables associated with teachers' use of such strategies with students. Teachers high in self-reported classroom management efficacy (CMEFF) and security of attachment (low on avoidance, anxiety) were predicted to endorse use of positive classroom management strategies (e.g., integrating, compromising) more than insecure teachers and those low in CMEFF. Teachers (N = 283) from eleven schools (seven elementary), largely female and white, responded to a questionnaire in their boxes (29.4% response rate). School and teacher demographic variables were included in a multivariate regression after preliminary analysis suggested that ignoring the multilevel structure of the data made little difference in results; school variances were small compared with teacher variances. CMEFF and years teaching had positive, significant effects on use of integrating and compromising strategies, while avoidance had negative effects on both and anxiety on integrating strategies. Implications for teacher development are discussed. 相似文献
954.
The purpose of this study was to examine individual differences in beliefs and attitudes regarding workplace attire including: the value placed on clothing, the impact of attire on workplace outcomes (e.g., promotions, raises), the effort and planning involved in dressing appropriately for work, how their clothing made them feel, and whether they used their attire to manage the impression of others in the workplace. Results from a sample of MBA students indicate that those who valued workplace attire used it to manage the impressions of others and believed that it positively impacts the way they feel about themselves and their workplace outcomes. Dressing to impress appeared to have particular utility for high self-monitors and those in management/executive positions. Women were found to be more interested in clothing and experienced more “appearance labor” when compared to men. Suggestions for future research are proposed.The authors wish to thank the University of Southern Indiana for its sponsorship of this research through a 2004 Faculty Research and Creative Work Award grant. 相似文献
955.
阐述了乳腺癌治疗方法的发展过程,包括外科、内科、放疗科、生物治疗。乳腺外科由扩大根治手术发展到保乳手术,由局部的病变认识到全身病变。内科治疗与外科配合,与内分泌的治疗相结合,又有大量的新药出现,使内科治疗从姑息性治疗走向根治性治疗。加上放疗技术和放疗设备的进步,靶向治疗药的层出不穷使人们越来越认识到乳腺癌是需要综合性治疗,从而推论到对医院管理制度及方法的探讨。认为医院需要建立正确的核心价值观即与患者携手同行让生命不再灰色,表现出更多的人文关怀,利用高科技为患者提供个性化的综合治疗,并付以相应的管理制度。 相似文献
956.
1986年WHO推出的“三阶梯”癌痛镇痛用药方案目前在临床工作中存在误区。麻醉科医师必须明确在晚期癌痛治疗转变中的责任和义务:具有专业能力、保健与防病能力,消除使用阿片类药物成瘾恐惧症;团队协作能力、新技术的评估能力,实行跨学科综合姑息保健;遵循生物心理社会医学模式,对晚期癌痛患者实施人文关怀。不仅会运用药物和医疗技术手段,还需配合心理和社会方面进行全面的诊疗,更好地为患者服务。 相似文献
957.
杨海燕 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2006,27(9):27-29
生命伦理学具有广泛性和综合性,着眼于群体健康是当前生命伦理学发展的趋势.在群体水平的生命伦理学的研究中,有关"正义"的概念是核心的问题.涛慕思·W·博格提出了正义的"关系概念",借以考察范围广泛的社会制度与健康结果的产生具有什么样的因果关系,进而强调社会制度的制定者和支持者对其产生的健康结果负有责任.通过对此"关系概念"进行分析,以期对中国国内健康领域问题的解决有所启示. 相似文献
958.
医疗行为具有高风险属性,但医疗机构经营目标不是追求自身利益最大化,而是公众健康,因此医疗机构风险管理的手段和目标应该着眼于影响目标实现的各种不确定因素,这就要求把医患关系状况纳入风险管理范畴。在当前社会环境下,医疗机构自觉地自留一部分风险成本更有利于经营目标的实现和医患关系的协调。 相似文献
959.
权变管理理论与《易经》哲学思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着全球经济一体化的日益深入,组织所面临的内外环境更加复杂.权变管理理论对组织的决策、计划、领导等方面的作用越来越受到人们的重视,本文将结合《易经》哲学的一些观点从变化观、系统观、过程观等方面对权变管理理论进行探讨. 相似文献
960.
This paper presents a review of research related to goals in youth with a chronic health condition (CHC) and a related framework to inform theory and research. Performed literature review using PsychINFO and Medline with a combination of many key words related to health, goals, and youth. Sixteen studies related to goals in youth with a CHC were identified. An integrative framework to inform research on goals in pediatric CHCs was presented based on studies reviewed. The impact of a CHC on goals and related behaviors, impact of goal conflict and collaboration, interventions with goal-setting components, and impact of developmental, disease, socioeconomic, and cultural factors were described. Recommendations for future research were discussed. The application of theory related to the nature and impact of goals in youth with a CHC will advance the field from a research and clinical standpoint. 相似文献