4～6岁幼儿颜色偏好实验研究

本实验采用对偶比较法．对4—6岁幼儿进行颜色偏好实验研究,结果表明：在4—6岁的年龄段中,幼儿颜色偏好顺序依次为：红、黄、橙、蓝、紫、绿;男女幼儿的颜色偏好有明显差异;不同年龄之间的幼儿颜色偏好没有明显差异。     

The Russian Spinozists

The article deals with the history of Russian Spinozism in the20th century, focusing attention on three interpretations of Spinoza's philosophy – by Varvara Polovtsova, Lev Vygotsky,and Evald Ilyenkov. Polovtsova profoundly explored Spinoza'slogical method and contributed an excellent translation of histreatise De intellectus emendatione. Later Vygotsky andIlyenkov applied Spinoza's method to create activity theory,an explanation of the laws and genesis of the human mind.     

心理贫穷感对决策的影响

“贫穷感”是个体与金钱相关的、相对稳定的内心感受,包含不安全感、焦虑感、厌恶感、不满足感和金钱关注五个维度,用以描述个体与金钱相关的认知和情绪上的差异。其概念内涵由28位心理学专家和社会学专家共同界定。贫穷感自评量表是一个15题5点Likert量表。通过问卷法对420位社会人员测量发现,贫穷感与生命史Mini-K测量结果显著负相关。贫穷感越高的个体越倾向于生命史快策略。     

Socio-culturally induced distress among migrant labourers in India: a qualitative inquiry

The present study has explored the experiences of distress among Indian migrant labourers with the help of qualitative method. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview schedule where 40 unskilled migrant labourers, 20 males and 20 females participated in the study. The obtained data were analysed using constructivist grounded theory. Findings have given an insight of the dialects (idioms of distress) used by migrants to express their distress. Further, findings divulged that the essence of the migrant labourers’ distress is largely rooted in their culturally defined roles, prevailing socio-cultural norms, apathy of legal and structural system to address their needs and to protect their rights in the host culture (place of migration). The findings draw our attention to design health intervention programmes for migrant and immigrant communities, in India as well as across the world, that amalgamate the elements of collectivistic culture in order to ensure the complete social, psychological, and physical wellbeing of above said communities.     

追踪研究在组织行为学中的应用

追踪研究是一种通过引入时滞, 以探索变量动态变化趋势和变量之间相互关系的调查研究方法。近年来, 在组织行为学中, 追踪研究越来越受到学者们的关注, 追踪研究成果也在逐渐增加, 但是大多数研究者尤其是国内研究者, 对追踪研究尚缺乏全面正确的认识。追踪研究设计可以依照重复测量之间的时间间隔长短进行分类, 不同的类型对应不同的样本量、调查方式和统计分析方法, 未来可以拓展追踪研究在团队和领导力、组织文化和变革以及员工激励等方面的应用, 或开展跨文化的追踪研究。     

中国青少年抑郁的核心症状及性别、抑郁程度间的比较：基于网络分析方法

基于精神障碍网络理论,采用中文版流动调查中心抑郁量表对3634名青少年进行调查,使用网络分析方法考察了我国青少年抑郁的核心症状,比较不同性别和抑郁程度青少年的抑郁症状特征网络。结果发现：（1）我国青少年抑郁的核心症状为压抑情绪、失败感、悲伤和乏力;（2）不同性别青少年的抑郁症状网络结构、网络连接强度和核心症状不存在显著差异;（3）不同抑郁程度青少年的抑郁症状网络结构、网络连接强度、核心症状存在显著差异。     

Exemplarist Environmental Ethics

This article argues that environmental ethics can deemphasize environmental problem‐solving in preference for a more exemplarist mode. This mode will renarrate what we admire in those we have long admired, in order to make them resonate with contemporary ethical needs. First, I outline a method problem that arose for me in ethnographic fieldwork, a problem that I call, far too reductively, “solution thinking.” Second, I relate that method problem to movements against “quandary ethics” in ethical theory more broadly. Third, I discuss some interpretive work I am engaged in about Henry David Thoreau and how it bears on the methodological issues my fieldwork raised. I argue that some of the most important icons of right relation to environment, especially Francis of Assisi and Thoreau, should be envisioned as far more politically invested than they usually are. They demonstrate to scholars of religious ethics that an exemplarist ethic focused on character need not neglect politics.     

RELIGIOUS ETHICS AND EMPIRICAL ETHICS

In recent decades, cognitive and behavioral scientists have learned a great deal about how people think and behave. On the most general level, there is a basic consensus that many judgments, including ethical judgments, are made by intuitive, even unconscious, impulses. This basic insight has opened the door to a wide variety of more particular studies that investigate how judgments are influenced by group identity, self‐conception, emotions, perceptions of risk, and many other factors. When these forms of research engage ethical issues, they are sometimes called empirical ethics. This essay argues that the field of religious ethics would benefit from a more robust engagement with empirical ethics than it has thus far undertaken. In doing so, it offers a brief account of how issues of moral psychology and moral anthropology have been treated in religious ethics, and it highlights ways that the scientific findings challenge some prevailing norms in religious ethics. It ends by suggesting avenues by which religious ethics research could productively engage empirical ethics.     

结合题目作答时间的计算机化自适应测验选题方法

计算机形式的测验能够记录考生在测验中的题目作答时间（Response Time, RT），作为一种重要的辅助信息来源，RT对于测验开发和管理具有重要的价值，特别是在计算机化自适应测验（Computerized Adaptive Testing, CAT）领域。本文简要介绍了RT在CAT选题方面应用并作以简评，分析了这些技术在实践中的可行性。最后，探讨了当前RT应用于CAT选题存在的问题以及可以进一步开展的研究方向。