慢性病患者及其配偶的二元应对纵向研究进展

通过回顾国内外相关文献,从研究的意义、现状及研究的难点等方面综述慢性病患者及其配偶的二元应对纵向研究进展。结果显示夫妻的二元应对在不同疾病中随着时间推移呈不同的发展趋势;患者和配偶的二元应对方式及应对一致性对双方远期心理健康、关系质量等有重要的预测作用,且可能存在角色、性别、应对方式的差异。国内目前在该方面的研究较少,可借鉴国外研究方法,探究不同疾病背景下夫妻二元应对的发展及其对心理社会适应的预测作用,为制定有针对性的二元干预措施提供指导。

     

中医隐性知识结构维度模型的验证性研究

隐性知识大量存在于中医医者知识体系中。深入探讨中医医者隐性知识的结构维度,有利于中医的传承及个体隐性知识的转移。通过文献分析和专家访谈,发现中医隐性知识可以分为学习策略维度、临床技能维度、人际互动维度、情绪情感维度、价值取向维度和中医药文化维度。结合各维度之间的相互关系,构建了中医隐性知识的结构模型。为了提升该维度结构模型的科学性,对国家级名老中医、国医大师、中医院管理者进行了深度访谈和问卷调查,进行了验证性研究。     

Interviewing asylum seekers: A vignette study on the questions asked to assess credibility of claims about origin and persecution

The aim of the current vignette study is to map the style, type, and themes of questions that are asked when assessing the credibility of asylum seekers' claims. Sixty‐five officials from the Swedish Migration Agency (Migrationsverket ), were asked to respond to one out of four different vignettes that contained fictitious asylum narratives. Each vignette presented the types of problems often encountered by officials at the migration board. Two of the vignettes contained no evidence of the origin of the asylum seeker. The other two contained no evidence for the claim of persecution. The asylum officials were asked to formulate five questions that would help them to assess the veracity of the applicant's claim. Our analyses showed that they mainly formulated open questions in an information gathering style. A thematic analysis of the questions revealed that when a claim about origin was assessed, asylum officials mostly asked questions about life in the country of origin, identity documents, and the flight to Europe. When the claim about persecution was assessed, in contrast, asylum officials mostly formulated case‐specific questions (e.g., how the applicant was arrested). Hence, when the credibility of claims about origin is assessed, there seems to be a typical set of questions that asylum officials use. The asylum officials seem to assume that if the applicant is truly originating from a specific country or area, he or she should have ample knowledge about that area, its customs, and frequently encountered objects.     

淄潍河流域商周文化东渐历史背景之考古学观察

商周文化东渐是山东地区商周考古的一个重要课题,淄潍河流域则是山东地区商周考古的一个关键性区域,随着考古资料的日益丰富,从考古学角度探讨淄潍河流域商周文化东渐及其历史背景已成为可能。