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491.
Beatriz Markman Reubins 《International Forum of Psychoanalysis》2017,26(1):38-42
AbstractThe goal of this paper is to emphasize the early consequences of pre-Oedipal maternal deprivation, addressing the theories and techniques of the pioneers of child psychoanalysis. Even when these theories differ in their understanding and conceptualization of child psychopathology, their common denominator is that they believe in the importance of the infant’s early experiences of life and the necessary physical and emotional constancy of the mother–infant dyad. This paper approaches the different theories using three clinical vignettes. Through the synthesis of the psychoanalytic therapeutic process of a four-year-old boy, we can see how the conflicts and symptoms evolved and resolved in the course of five years of treatment, during which the boy’s behavior and productivity changed, allowing the treatment to come to an end. This boy was able to work through his traumatic separation experience in analysis, and to develop more mature defense mechanisms that led him toward a better adjustment to his environment. We can conclude that the early interruption of maternal care led to serious symptoms in this child’s behavior and mental organization. If these difficulties had not been addressed in time, the symptoms would have gone on to become severe. 相似文献
492.
关于阅读障碍神经机制的研究已经有很多,但到目前为止,研究者仍不完全清楚,阅读障碍者脑区的异常,究竟是阅读障碍的原因还是结果。研究者发展出不同的研究范式来探究此问题,包括学龄前研究、双对照组研究、纵向研究等。文中综述了这些研究范式各具的优势、不足和研究结果之间的一致性,并分析了确认因果关系之所以困难的原因。在此基础上,提出如下建议:(1)细致区分阅读障碍的亚类型;(2)以成熟和完善的阅读认知-神经模型为指导;(3)通过不同的研究范式进行交叉印证;(4)综合考虑脑的动态发展变化特点,和基因、环境、经验的作用等多种因素的影响。 相似文献
493.
494.
This study set out to explore the trajectory of personal, moral and spiritual values of students taking Religious Studies at A level in the UK. A sample of 150 students completed a battery of measures at the beginning of their period of A level study and again at the end. The data found no difference over this period of time in personal values (purpose in life, self-esteem, and empathy) in some moral values (concerning anti-social behaviour and concerning substance use) and in levels of religious exclusivism or frequency of private prayer. The areas in which significant differences were observed were concerned with attitude toward sex and relationships, religious pluralism, belief in life after death, and mystical orientation. Between the ages of 16 and 18 years, following two years’ engagement with Religious Studies at A level, the participants became more liberal in their approach toward sex and relationships, less convinced about the truth claims of religious pluralism, less likely to adhere to traditional Christian teaching on life after death, and less open to mystical experience. They are also less certain of ever having had a religious experience, and less frequent in their practice of religious attendance. 相似文献
495.
Research on Tip of the Tongue (ToT) states has been used to determine whether access to syntactic information precedes access
to phonological information. This paper argues that previous studies have used insufficient analyses when investigating the
nature of seriality of access. In the first part of this paper, these complex issues are discussed and suitable analyses proposed.
In the second part, new experimental data are presented. In Experiment 1, English speakers were asked to give information
about mass/count status and initial phoneme of nouns, when in a ToT state. In Experiment 2, German speakers were asked to
report grammatical gender and initial phoneme of nouns, when in a ToT state. Evidence that syntactic and phonological information
are accessed independently was obtained for both languages. Implications for models of language production and further methodological
issues in ToT research are discussed. 相似文献
496.
497.
核心自我评价水平与生活满意度的关系一直受到研究者的关注,但目前仍没有实证研究探讨核心自我评价稳定性与生活满意度的关系。本研究以193名大学生为被试,采用纵向研究设计于三个时间段分别测量被试的核心自我评价水平、核心自我评价稳定性以及生活满意度,以探讨三者之间的关系。结果发现,核心自我评价水平与稳定性的相关关系不显著;核心自我评价水平能够显著预测生活满意度,但稳定性对生活满意度的预测作用不显著;调节效应检验结果表明,核心自我评价稳定性在核心自我评价水平与生活满意度之间存在调节作用。 相似文献
498.
499.
Environmental knowledge and conservation behavior: exploring prevalence and structure in a representative sample 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Jacqueline Frick Florian G. Kaiser Mark Wilson 《Personality and individual differences》2004,37(8):1597-1613
Knowledge is commonly seen as a necessary precondition for a person’s behavior. Consistent with this, most educational interventions rely on knowledge transfer. However, for the most efficient informational strategies for education, it is essential that we identify the types of knowledge that promote behavior effectively and investigate their structure. A questionnaire consisting of three environmental knowledge scales and a conservation behavior measure was sent to 5000 randomly selected Swiss adults. A completed questionnaire was returned by 55% of them (N=2736). A series of structural equation analyses indicates that the three knowledge forms exert different influences on conservation behavior: Action-related knowledge and effectiveness knowledge have a direct effect on performance. In contrast, system knowledge is more remote from behavior, exerting only a mediated influence on it by way of affecting the other two knowledge types. 相似文献
500.