从《太玄》看扬雄的人性论思想

一般讲扬雄的人性论,都以《法言》为依据,认为他是“善恶混”派的代表.并认为他的人性论缺乏内在超越的根据,比较接近于荀子。本文认为《太玄》中蕴涵丰富的人性论思想,研究扬雄的人性论,应以《太玄》为基础。扬雄的人性论本于其天道观,有很强的超越性,扬氏以五行为架构,提出了非常具体的超越途径,其思想接近于性善说.     

范围假设解释大学生性别刻板印象表征的适用性*

通过任务助长实验范式考察范围假设对于某一熟悉群体刻板化特质判断的适用性。研究结果表明当大学生对于某一熟悉群体的刻板印象的抽象表征被激活时,违反刻板印象的样例表征也得到激活,用以限定抽象表征的适用范围。研究结果支持范围假设,即当一个抽象概念从语义记忆中被提取时,与抽象概念相冲突的情景记忆也被提取,以用来限定抽象概念的适用范围。     

Challenges and Gifts of Teaching Luther in a Lutheran College1

This article examines what can be learned from teaching Luther to American college students. It reviews several ways in which college students benefit from studying Luther. The article suggests that identifying the “operating principles” in Luther's thought can help students more carefully discern the contemporary significance of his thought. After discussing some challenges encountered when teaching Luther to college students, the article ends with reflections on the theological significance of the college context. While Luther's discovery of a gracious God remains central, the college setting promotes a retrieval of several broader themes in Luther's thinking that have often been neglected by Lutherans: ongoing creation, wisdom, the Bible as “torah,” the suffering of God, and societal reform.     

Elaboration on potential outcomes (EPO) and the consultative salesperson: investigating effects on attributions and performance

Past work has found that salespeople make very different attributions when describing successful versus unsuccessful sales. In this article, we explore the influence of elaboration on potential outcomes (EPO), a relatively new individual-specific personality construct that has not been previously examined in the sales context. We show that salespeople's predisposition to engage in predecision elaboration on the potential outcomes of their sales activities across the sales cycle has an important impact on their selling attributions and on their performance, even after accounting for the effects of self-efficacy and trait competitiveness, two other person-specific variables that have been heavily examined in past research. Juxtaposing survey responses with objective sales performance data from 301 salespeople drawn from two sales organizations, the results show that EPO and the more heavily examined variables help to systematically explain salespeople's attributions for success but are only weakly linked to attributions for failure. Moreover, the results show that EPO itself explains a modest, but nevertheless promising, portion of variance in sales performance.     

Prospective memory and intraindividual variability in ongoing task response times in an adult lifespan sample: the role of cue focality

To contribute to the ongoing conceptual debate of what traditional mean-level ongoing task (OT) costs tell us about the attentional processes underlying prospective memory (PM), we investigated costs to intraindividual variability (IIV) in OT response times as a potentially sensitive indicator of attentional processes. Particularly, we tested whether IIV in OT responses may reflect controlled employment of attentional processes versus lapses of controlled attention, whether these processes differ across adulthood, and whether it is moderated by cue focality. We assessed 150 individuals (19–82 years) in a focal and a nonfocal PM condition. In addition, external measures of inhibition and working memory were assessed. In line with the predictions of the lapses-of-attention/inefficient-executive-control account, our data support the view that costs to IIV in OT trials of PM tasks reflect fluctuations in the efficiency of executive functioning, which was related to failures in prospective remembering, particularly in nonfocal PM tasks, potentially due to their increased executive demands. The additional value of considering costs to IIV over and beyond traditional mean-level OT costs in PM research is discussed.     

Caring for Dying Children and Their Families: MFTs Working at the Gates of the Elysian Fields

The constant comparison method was used to analyze seven in-depth interviews with Marriage and Family Therapists and some of their colleagues working with dying children and their families. The findings of the study revealed that working in these settings can encourage shifts in priorities, relationships, and beliefs about life and death, and can elicit professional growth. Also, it can carry with it significant costs such as emotional exhaustion, and hypervigilance about death. Implications for practice and training are discussed. In the Greek mythology, the Elysian Fields is the place where the souls of the heroes and the virtuous dwell in the afterlife. It is the equivalent of the Christian Heaven. Portions of this paper were presented at the 65th Annual Conference of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, Long Beach, CA, 2007.     

Strategic Maneuvering in Political Argumentation

Although political argumentation is not institutionalized in a formal sense, it does have recurrent patterns and characteristics. Its constraints include the absence of time limits, the lack of a clear terminus, heterogeneous audiences, and the assumption that access is open to all. These constraints make creative strategic maneuvering both possible and necessary. Among the common types of strategic maneuvering are changing the subject, modifying the relevant audience, appealing to liberal and conservative presumptions, reframing the argument, using condensation symbols, employing the locus of the irreparable, and argumentative use of figures and tropes. It is difficult to evaluate strategic maneuvering in political argumentation, however, because the activity types dictate wide latitude for the arguers, so there are few cases of unquestionable derailment.     

看与思的方式：在意会与言传之间——医学人文困境与反思

一方面,在现象层面,反映的是人对自身生命尚缺乏应有的理解与有效掌控;另一方面,在药物技术的医事背后,反映的是医学的深层社会问题,即：医学关注的与真实生命需要的是否吻合？医学能做的与人希望的是否一致？医学是否需要反思未来走向？     

Vicarious and post‐memory practices in adopting families: The re‐production of the past through photography and narrative

In this paper, we explore how adoptive parents manage and order visual information relating to their adoptive child's birth or foster family. More specifically, our task is to make sense of the ways in which the memories that children have of their past families are (re)constructed and managed within the context of present adoptive parental concerns. Life story books have become a dominant way in which narratives of the child's past family are formed. The aim of this book is to provide the child with relevant information, objects, possessions and images of the past and to create a coherent narrative between the past and the present. Parents are encouraged to make use of visual images, consisting mainly of photographs of birth families and foster carers to order the autobiography of the child. To date, there is no research that has examined how the process is experienced by parents and children. In order to examine how parents made use of visual information in particular, we carried out two focus groups with adoptive parents who participated in an adoption agency support group. A social remembering approach informed the questions asked, and a discursive analysis of the data was developed. The main analytical focus in this paper is on how photographs, objects and places serve as active participants in the production of the adoptive children's memory. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

青少年语文创造力的发展研究

采用自编的《青少年语文创造力测验》,研究了初一到大一750名青少年语文创造力的发展.结果表明:(1)青少年的语文创造力存在显著的年级差异,随着年级的升高,语文创造力呈波浪式持续发展的趋势;(2)青少年语文创造力存在显著的性别差异,初二到高二以及大一,女生的语文创造力显著的优于男生.