人心是何?现代新儒家的心理观

随着文化心理学的兴起,如何深化中国文化与心理学的联系,促进其对心理学的贡献成为了重要问题。在这方面,以梁漱溟、熊十力和冯友兰为代表的现代新儒家进行了开拓性的研究。他们在批判性接纳科学心理观的基础上,主张心理是多层次的存在,强调了心理的自觉性、能动性、生成性、道德性等内涵。新儒家的心理观既能启发本土学者妥善解决中国文化与心理的关系,又能推动建立一种既关注大脑生理机制与心理机制又蕴含本土内涵的综合心理观。     

《论语》的“慎言”意识及其文体意义

＂慎言＂是孔子言说的重要原则,《论语》＂慎言＂意识的产生与＂言＂的神圣性、权威性,＂述而不作＂的文化理念及君子文化传统密切相关。＂慎言＂意识决定着《论语》的言说方式,体现在文体形式上必然有其独特性,并对后世文体产生了深远影响,它在某种程度上塑造了古代文体的形式规范和古代文学的风貌。     

Alive after death: An exploratory cultural artifact analysis of the Merry Cemetery of Săpânţa

The paper uses insights from several Social Psychological theories to study the cultural artifacts of the Merry Cemetery (MC) of S?pân?a (Romania). In the first study we have content analysed the epitaphs written on the painted crosses of the MC and the results show that the epitaphs reflect personal as well as social identity (in which individuals are described as members of both the family and the community) and play two important roles for the community members: they serve as a message to the dear ones and as an external memory of the community's social norms and shared worldview. The second study explored the social representation of the MC in the local community. The results show that the social representation of the MC clusters around three main themes: its symbolic, economic and local identity value. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Emotional reactions to scandals: When does moral character make a difference?

A scandal can evoke public outrage when it is widely publicized and involves an individual who is perceived to have a high level of cultural representativeness. Two experiments showed that when the scandalous target's moral character was highlighted, emotional responses towards the target were least negative when the scandal was widely circulated and when the target was seen as a representative of his culture. These results suggest that when a cultural symbol is implicated in a widely‐circulated scandal, the negative emotions directed towards the scandalous individual can be alleviated when the public remains confident in his or her commitment to morality.     

大学生民族文化认同感研究前瞻

通过CNKI进行资料检索、归类和分析,以民族国家认同、母语认同、传统节日的民族文化认同、民族精神和民族主义的民族文化认同、政治认同等五个维度作为大学生民族文化认同调查研究的切入点,进行调查问卷题项的编制。以此引领对民族国家认同感有研究兴趣的同仁对这类研究的进一步关注。     

An exploratory path analysis of the factors contributing to life satisfaction in fathers

The purpose of this study was to present and test a model to examine those factors contributing to life satisfaction in fathers. A total of 268 fathers participated in this study. Path analysis was used to examine the direct and indirect influences of independent variables on life satisfaction in fathers. Results indicated that income and perceived family cohesiveness were the strongest variables in the model. Family cohesiveness mediated the effects of income, male role norms, conflict, and father involvement on life satisfaction. Income had the greatest total effect on life satisfaction. Perceived family cohesiveness and fathers’ education level followed income as the second and third most influential effects on life satisfaction. Results are discussed in light of the existing literature on family resilience, male role norms, and life satisfaction.     

Toward Holistic,Compassionate, Professional Care: Using a Cultural Lens to Examine the Practice of Contemporary Psychotherapy in the West*

The author describes work undertaken in New Delhi with two young Indian women and their families from 1995 to 1999. Both presented with depression and suicidal ideation. One was severely cerebral palsied, the other was diagnosed with endogenous depression. As an integrative therapist, the author looks at her work from several perspectives. The debates highlighted here focus on the optimal usefulness of each of these perspectives in different situations, both the benefits and the limits and the very limits of contemporary psychotherapy itself. The author uses a cultural lens to explore the use of the self of the therapist and issues around boundaries, continuity, ethics, and compassion in psychotherapy.*Part of this work has been published in N. Hutnik (1999). An unusual intervention: Disability and abuse. Psychological Foundations - The Journa1, 1, 81–84, and is reproduced here with the permission of Psychological Foundations, New Delhi.**My heartfelt thanks are offered to Reenee Singh, friend of many years and very competent family therapist, who offered me her comments on an earlier draft of this paper.     

Adaptation of Two Family Therapy Training Instruments to Culturally Suit the Indian Context

Two family therapy training instruments, the Family Concept Assessment (FCA) and Rating Scale and Family Therapy Assessment Exercise (FTE), developed in the United States were adapted to suit the Indian cultural context. Several changes were made to the instruments while at the same time maintaining the equivalency of the scales to the original. Both the instruments were tested for face validity by a panel of cultural and content experts in the United States. The FTE was then pilot tested with an Indian sample. The psychometric properties of the adapted instrument are reported in this article including feedback from the participants.     

Cultural Values Underlying Psychometric Cognitive Testing

It is proposed that culture (values, beliefs, styles of behavior) can affect neuropsychological testing.Cognitive testing represents a social situation that-as any social situation, it is one governed by implicit cultural rules. At least eight different culture-dependent values underlie cognitive testing: (1)One-to-one relationship, (2) Background authority, (3) Best performance, (4)Isolated environment (5) Special type of communication, (6) Speed, (7) Internal or subjective issues, and (8) The use of specific testing elements and strategies. In addition, it is proposed that“the distance” (e.g., gender, age, ethnicity) between the examiner and the examinee may potentiallyimpact the testing situation. A special analysis regarding the function of instruction in cognitive tests is also presented emphasizing that test instruction interpretation is also culture-dependent. Some potential avenues of research are finally proposed.     

当代社会心理学发展的双重走向论评

本文以社会心理研究的不同学科取向、文化取向和方法论取向做为三条主要线索,对当代社会心理学发展的多元化道路和整合社会心理学的努力进行了分析评价。认为社会心理学发展的多元化道路主要是由于社会心理的多质性和社会心理学的边缘学科性质所决定的,社今心理学发展过程中的整合努力则主要是由于社会心理的整体性和社会心理学的学科统一性所决定的。分化与整合作为当代社会心理学研究和发展的一对予盾统一体,伴随了社会心理学发展的百年进程,推动着当代社会心理学新的发展。