用批判性思维方法解决烧伤护理实践中的问题

批判性思维是护理界越来越注重培养并予运用的思维方法。在烧伤护理实践中用批判性思维方法解决临床护理实际问题,护理人员应正确理解批判性思维的概念并培养批判性思维能力、应具备良好的职业道德和敬业精神,最终能将批判性思维正确运用于护理程序的每一个步骤中。     

医学专业研究生扩招对其培养目标与模式的影响

从医学专业研究生招生的现状及目前研究生培养目标和模式中存在问题出发,分析了我国医学专业研究生招生规模不断扩大对研究生教育的影响,并针对以上变化和问题提出针对逐渐膨胀的医学研究生群体,应采取新的管理及教育模式,从而使研究生的质量和水平得到全面的提高,使我国医学研究生教育水平逐渐与世界接轨.     

青少年特发性脊柱侧凸后路矫正的思考

青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的治疗,经历了辩证否定的发展过程,其中涉及一系列复杂矛盾的巧妙解决和对度的精确把握,哲学的思维方法有助于脊柱外科医生认识侧凸的本质,了解其演变规律,处理治疗过程出现的主要问题以及掌握矫正的关键技术。     

DNA研究的历史带给我们的启示

自然科学发展日新月异。墨守成规的传统思维模式常常是羁绊研究工作停滞不前的主要障碍。通过纵观DNA双螺旋结构的研究历程,认识到实事求是的态度是确立正确研究方向的基础,而全方位、多视角、多学科交叉的开放性思维模式给科学研究带来了更宽阔的途径。     

A shadow concept

The author focuses on the signifi cance of preconscious thinking, and its relationship to what we think of as unconscious fantasies. He reopens Freud's forgotten struggle with preconscious thinking, while he explores preconscious thinking as the basis for thinking about psychoanalytic treatment. This includes our goals in bringing an idea to the analysand's attention, and the role of transitional space where thoughts and feelings can be played with.     

Listening to Dialogue

In accordance with Progressivism, Matthew Lipman, introduced an educational model for renewal and change by means of the child. With his Philosophy for Children programme he wished to offer an alternative for the intellectualistic oriented education which silenced children. The answer to the search for freedom and change, Lipman finds in the symbioses between ‘Philosophy’ and ‘Children’. Philosophy expressed in critical thinking and communication, was the basis to emancipate the child from the oppression of the adult and to cause change. According to Lipman the main purpose of philosophy is to free every individual from determination. This plea is being elaborated by dialogue. The main issue of our paper concerns the question whether Lipman’s alternative ‘Philosophy for Children’ can fulfil the promise of change and freedom. To answer this question we will investigate thoroughly where dialogue and change in Philosophy for Children stand for. Finally we will propose another perspective of dialogue. A dialogue stressed on listening. Listening to how the world appears to us and how we appear to ourselves. Nancy Vansieleghem is working on a Ph.D. in Philosophy of Education at the Department of Education at the University of Gent, Belgium. Her main area of research is philosophy of dialogue and public space.     

聚焦思维结构的智力理论--林崇德的智力理论述评

林崇德的思维结构模型,是其智力理论的核心。因此,林崇德的智力理论,是一种聚焦思维结构的智力理论。不过,林崇德的智力理论,远不止其思维结构模型。他所提出的“智力结构是一个多元结构”的观点、“思维核心说”、“概括基础说”和“思维发展的模式”,也同样是其智力理论的重要内容。通观林崇德的智力理论,不难看出其四大特点:第一,理论性与实践性的有机统一;第二,两点论与重点论的有机统一;第三,智力培养与智力评价的有机统一;第四,不变性与可变性的有机统一。     

On philosophical subjects and methods

With the consideration of some issues in contemporary philosophy, this thesis attempts to analyze being, thinking and language as philosophical subjects, and clear up the multiple meanings for each of them. It will also inquire the traditional methods in both Chinese and Western philosophy, and those in contemporary thinking. Finally, it puts forward a theory of “the critique without principles”. The thesis aims to explore a new way to solve the problems of contemporary philosophy by changing its subjects and methods. __________ Translated from Zhexue Yanjiu 哲学研究 (Philosophical Studies), 2005 (3) by Cheng Xuemeng     

高中生化学问题解决思维过程口语报告编码分析

将高中生化学问题解决思维过程口语报告分为相应的10个行为指标进行人工编码和定量分析。被试是56名高中生,材料为6个中等难度的化学问题,通过“出声思考”实验,记录口语报告,并对口语报告进行编码和数据统计分析,结果发现:(1)高中优生的重复、解释、推理、归纳、总结等行为指标上明显优于中等生;(2)在解决不同类型的化学问题时,重复、设问、推理、归纳和反思等指标存在明显差异;(3)学生能力层次与问题类别在重复、推理、归纳和试误等行为指标上存在明显交互作用。     

The stability of alexithymia during work in a high‐stress environment: A prospective study of Swedish peacekeepers serving in Kosovo

Larsson, M. R., Bäckström, M., Michel, P.‐O. & Lundh, L.‐G. (2010). The stability of alexithymia during work in a high‐stress environment: A prospective study of Swedish peacekeepers serving in Kosovo. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. We applied a prospective design to reinvestigate the issue whether the sub‐domains of alexithymia could be considered stable traits or distress‐related states. Assessments of alexithymia and subjective distress were conducted before deployment to Kosovo in a sample of male peacekeepers. A second assessment was conducted approximately six months later during the final phase of service. The results showed evidence of moderate to high relative stability in all alexithymic sub‐domains. It was also found that a relative change in subjective distress predicted a relative change in difficulty identifying feelings and difficulty describing feelings but not in externally oriented thinking. We suggest therefore that the alexithymic sub‐domains could be considered relatively stable traits but that the level of difficulty identifying and describing feeling varies with the level of subjective distress.