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941.
LI Chunying 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2012,7(2):191
As an important thinker in the early South Song dynasty, Zhang Jiucheng differed in his thinking from the School of Principles of the Song and Ming dynasties, which was the mainstream at that time, and was thus excluded by Zhu Xi and his followers. The relation between virtues and blessings was a characteristic part of Zhang’s thought. By analyzing concepts like Heavenly mandates, virtues, blessings, luckiness and unluckiness in Zhang’s thought, this essay re-defines the complicated but manifest relations between virtues and blessings; clarifies the trajectory of Zhang’s thoughts on Heavenly mandates, virtues, and blessings; and displays the efforts of the Neo-Confucians of the Song dynasties to stress the value of human nature in the tension between Heavenly mandates and virtues. 相似文献
942.
Singh L 《Cognition》2008,106(2):833-870
Although infants begin to encode and track novel words in fluent speech by 7.5 months, their ability to recognize words is somewhat limited at this stage. In particular, when the surface form of a word is altered, by changing the gender or affective prosody of the speaker, infants begin to falter at spoken word recognition. Given that natural speech is replete with variability, only some of which determines the meaning of a word, it remains unclear how infants might ever overcome the effects of surface variability without appealing to meaning. In the current set of experiments, consequences of high and low variability are examined in preverbal infants. The source of variability, vocal affect, is a common property of infant-directed speech with which young learners have to contend. Across a series of four experiments, infants' abilities to recognize repeated encounters of words, as well as to reject similar-sounding words, are investigated in the context of high and low affective variation. Results point to positive consequences of affective variation, both in creating generalizable memory representations for words, but also in establishing phonologically precise memories for words. Conversely, low variability appears to degrade word recognition on both fronts, compromising infants' abilities to generalize across different affective forms of a word and to detect similar-sounding items. Findings are discussed in the context of principles of categorization that may potentiate the early growth of a lexicon. 相似文献
943.
采用半视野速示术对48名英语专业硕士研究生进行词汇判别的语义启动实验,检查中一英双语者词汇语义通达可能存在的大脑功能偏侧化与合作效应.结果提示:(1)相对熟练的中一英双语者L1(中文)和L2(英文)均可直接通达一个共同的词汇语义概念表征系统,但L1可以通过两半球,而L2可能主要依赖于大脑右半球;(2)跨语言条件出现了半球间语义通达的合作优势效应. 相似文献
944.
945.
Harlow HF 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2008,42(4):336-347
Many species in long-term captivity have tried to kill time by playing friendly games with their warders. In the end, only
rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) could tolerate the tedious hide-and-seek games that their human jailers prefer to play. In this article, written many years
before the Stockholm syndrome was first described, the author relates how it was eventually discovered which species is most
willing to contribute to the development of a genuinely scientific human psychology.
Harry F. Harlow died in 1981 and Dr. Frank C.P. van der Horst (fhorst@fsw.leidenuniv.nl) of Leiden University stands as the
person to addess correspondence to.
相似文献
相似文献
946.
Lassègue J 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2008,42(1):27-31
In his article ‘A New View of Language, Emotion and the Brain,’ Dan Shanahan claims that the post-war Cognitive Turn focused
mainly on information processing and that little attention was paid to the dramatic role played by emotion in human cognition.
One key argument in his defence of a more comprehensive view of human cognition rests upon the idea that the process of symbolization—a
unique capacity only developed by humans—combines, right from the start, information processing and feelings. The author argues
that any theory ignoring this fact would miss the whole point, just as mainstream cognitive science has done since Noam Chomsky
published Syntactic Structures, exactly 50 years ago.
Jean Lassègue Researcher with the CNRS, Paris, France. Main research topics: Theory of Symbolic Forms and Activities; Anthropology of Culture; Epistemology of Cognitive Science 相似文献
Jean LassègueEmail: |
Jean Lassègue Researcher with the CNRS, Paris, France. Main research topics: Theory of Symbolic Forms and Activities; Anthropology of Culture; Epistemology of Cognitive Science 相似文献
947.
948.
Antony Duff 《Res Publica》2008,14(4):277-281
Richard Dagger (in this issue) provides perhaps the most persuasive version of a ‘fair play’ theory of criminal punishment,
grounded in an attractive liberal republican political theory. But, I argue, his version of the theory still faces serious
objections: that its explanation of why some central mala in se are properly criminalised is still distorting, despite his
appeal to the burdens of ‘general compliance’; and that it cannot adequately explain (as it should explain) the differential
seriousness and wrongfulness of different kinds of crime.
相似文献
Antony DuffEmail: |
949.
We compared the mobbing response to model snakes of two groups of captive-born common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) differing in genetic relatedness, age and past experience. Mobbing vocalisations (tsik calls), other mobbing behaviour and
attention to the stimulus were recorded for 2 min. intervals pre-exposure, during exposure to various stimuli and post-exposure.
Marmosets in one group were vocally reactive to all stimuli, although more so to one particular stimulus resembling rearing
snakes and modified images of it, whereas the marmosets in a younger and genetically unrelated group attended to the stimuli
but made very few mobbing calls. The parent stock of the first group had suffered stress in early life and had developed a
phobic response to a specific stimulus, which they had transmitted to their offspring. A third group, matching the older group
in age range but genetically unrelated, was also found to be unresponsive to the stimulus that elicited the strongest response
in the first group. Cortisol levels in samples of hair were assayed and a significant negative correlation was found between
the number of tsik calls made during presentation of the stimuli and the cortisol level, showing that mobbing behaviour/behavioural
reactivity is associated with low levels of physiological stress. 相似文献
950.
Michael L. Cooper‐White 《Dialog》2008,47(4):368-373
Abstract : This assessment, from a pastor who has served in all three of its ‘expressions' (congregation, synod, churchwide), and now heads one of its 8 seminaries, celebrates both major achievements as well as the interdependent ‘churchstyle’ exhibited by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America during its first 20 years. 相似文献