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991.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships found among daily hassles, the use of specific coping strategies, and reported menstrual cycle symptoms. One hundred and sixty-seven female undergraduate psychology students completed a series of questionnaires assessing their most recent menstrual cycle experience, how they coped with those symptoms, and the frequency and severity of daily stressors experienced in the past month. Frequency and severity of daily hassles were positively correlated with symptoms for all phases of the menstrual cycle. A significant negative correlation was obtained between premenstrual symptoms and the use of distancing, as a coping strategy. In addition, distancing was negatively related to menstrual tension symptoms.Northwestern State University 相似文献
992.
Gordon L. Flett Frank A. Russo Paul L. Hewitt 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》1994,12(3):163-179
The present study examined perfectionism and general coping ability as assessed by a new measure of constructive thinking.
A sample of 77 students completed the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) and the Constructive Thinking Inventory (CTI).
The MPS provides measures of selforiented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed perfectionism, while the CTI provides various
measures, including summary scores of global constructive thinking, emotional coping, behavioral coping, categorical thinking,
personal superstitious thinking, naive optimism, and esoteric thinking. Subjects also completed a measure of depressive symptoms
so that we could examine perfectionism and coping independent of current levels of adjustment. The main finding was that socially
prescribed perfectionism was associated with less constructive thinking and more negative coping across most of the CTI subscales,
and these associations remained significant after removing variance due to levels of depression symptoms. Self-oriented perfectionism
was adaptive in that it was associated with active forms of behavioral coping, but it was maladaptive in that it was associated
with a form of emotional coping involving reduced self-acceptance. The results are discussed in terms of their implications
for the cognitive treatment of perfectionists.
Queen's University
This research was supported by grant #410-91-0856 from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada awarded
to the authors 相似文献
993.
Researchers have offered various explanations for inconsistent findings in the social support literature. Some contend that the detection of either buffering or direct effects depends on the mode of measurement. Others have demonstrated that person variables (e.g., locus of control) moderate support utilization during stressful times. This study attempts to integrate the issues of measure type, locus of control orientation, and cultural influence in a comprehensive study comparing Anglo-Americans and Chinese nationals. Measures appropriate for testing the stress-buffering model of social support were given to 198 students in a Midwestern university and 200 students in mainland China. Both measure type and locus of control orientation mediated the process of support utilization in each culture, but not in the same manner across cultures. For Anglos, stress-buffering effects of both perceived and received support were found only with internals. For Chinese, main effects and a buffering pattern from perceived support were found only with externals. The received support measure yielded negative buffering effects with the latter culture. 相似文献
994.
995.
Jerome L. Short Mark W. Roosa Irwin N. Sandler Tim S. Ayers Leah K. Gensheimer Sanford L. Braver Jenn-Yun Tein 《American journal of community psychology》1995,23(2):223-247
Evaluated an experimental preventive intervention developed for children who perceived their parents as problem drinkers.
The 8-session program was designed to improve children's coping, self-esteem, and social competence, and modify alcohol expectancies
which were specified as mediators of the effects of parental alcohol abuse on child mental health. Participants were 271 self-selected
4th-, 5th-, and 6th-grade students in 13 schools. The children were randomly assigned to treatment or delayed treatment conditions
and the program was given to three successive cohorts of students. A meta-analysis across three different cohorts indicated
significant program effects to improve knowledge of the program content and the use of support- and emotion-focused coping
behaviors for the full sample. A slightly stronger range of effects was found for a high-risk subsample.
This research was funded by the National Institute of Mental Health Grant P50-MH39246 to support a Preventive Intervention
Research Center and Prevention Training Grant T32-MH18387-02. 相似文献
996.
Bruce D. Kirkcaldy Professor Cary L. Cooper Jennifer M. Brown 《International journal of stress management》1995,2(2):69-78
In a large-scale study of senior police officers in Great Britain (Superintendent and Chief Superintendent ranks), the role of coping in the stress-strain relationship was explored. There was no indication of a direct impact of coping on physical well-being nor was there any evidence of a direct effect on job satisfaction, but coping was related to mental health. Coping also exhibited a direct relationship to subjectively perceived job stress. Moreover, coping moderated the relationship between job stress and job satisfaction, but a buffering influence was not observed on the job satisfaction-health linkages. Job satisfaction had a direct impact on both mental and physical ill-health (showing high satisfaction was associated with superior physical and psychological health). Likewise, there was a direct relationship between overall job stress and job satisfaction. 相似文献
997.
998.
Measuring post-traumatic stress: A psychometric evaluation of symptom- and coping questionnaires based on a Norwegian sample 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jarle Eid Julian F. Thayer & BJØRN H. Johnsen 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》1999,40(2):101-108
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the Norweigian versions of the Impact of Event Scale, the Post Traumatic Stress Scale-10 item version and General Coping Questionnaire-30 item version. A group of 40 male and 56 female medical students was tested one week and four months after having started dissection of cadavers for the first time. The results showed that all scales had good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The student sample scored lower on the IES and PTSS-10 than comparable groups of traumatized subjects. A gender difference emerged, with female subjects scoring higher than male subjects. The factor analysis of the instruments indicated good construct validity for the symptom scales. The analysis of content validity related to DSM IV criteria indicated that the IES and PTSS-10 may have some limitations in their predictive validity of PTSD. Taken together, the three scales have shown good psychometric properties and could be used in future research and clinical work. 相似文献
999.
This study deals with late paraphrenia from a psychological coping perspective. Analyses of coping behavior in relation to paraphrenic delusions and hallucinations revealed rational choices of coping efforts and generally consistent emotional reactions to the subjectively perceived problem. The majority of the patients did not display evidence of premorbid abnormal personalities or life courses. The creation and sustainment of psychotic thoughts are discussed in relation to lack of correcting social feedback due to social isolation and weakened cognitive source monitoring. The implications of a psychological coping perspective for intervention are indicated. 相似文献
1000.
Linda Trenberth Philip Dewe Frank Walkey 《International journal of stress management》1999,6(2):89-103
The purpose of this study was to determine the dimensions of leisure that were important to people coping with work-related stress. Data were provided by 695 principals and deputy principals from secondary schools throughout New Zealand who were experiencing major legislative and organizational change in the education sector. The results produced a robust, replicable, and reliable two-factor structure using FACTOREP, a factor replication procedure. It appears that leisure is best measured in terms of active-challenge and passive-recuperative dimensions when considered in relation to coping with work-related stress. The results show that for the present occupational group, the passive nature of leisure is more important for coping with work stress. These results have implications for those involved in workplace health promotion where the emphasis thus far has been on physical activity and fitness. The results also confirm the importance of determining the most appropriate number of factors to rotate. 相似文献