中国人的核心自我评价的理论构想

介绍了西方经典核心自我评价的概念的提出、组成和预测能力,并提出了中国人核心自我评价的理论构想。西方经典核心自我评价包括4种核心特质：自尊、控制点、神经质和一般自我效能。文章对西方经典核心自我评价研究的主要贡献和对我们目前研究的借鉴意义作了分析,提出中国人的核心自我评价的理论构想包括4种核心特质,即善良、才干、处世态度和集体自尊。     

集体记忆中的协作促进及其原因

摘 要 协作促进是指先前协作提取的经验对后续的个人提取具有积极影响。为了探讨协作促进产生的基本条件及其原因,本研究通过两个实验分别考察了小组的人数和回忆方式对协作促进的影响以及他人再现和交叉线索对协作促进的贡献。结果表明：无论小组的大小为2人组、3人组还是4人组,回忆方式为轮流回忆还是自由回忆均能产生协作促进,且轮流回忆的协作促进量要高于自由回忆的协作促进量;他人再现对协作促进的贡献大于交叉线索。这说明协作促进是一个稳定的现象,其主要原因是他人再现的作用。     

微博网民情绪敏感度、行为意向与执行意向的关系

对891位网民问卷调查分析,探讨了网民的情绪敏感度、集群行为意向和执行意向的关系。结果显示情绪敏感度与感知一致性、行为意向和执行意向均存在显著正向关联;情绪敏感度、感知一致性和行为意向三个变量的交互作用对执行意向的影响是显著的,进一步的研究发现在低感知一致性组中,情绪敏感度在行为意向对执行意向的影响中存在调节作用,具体表现为与低情绪敏感度的网民相比,当高情绪敏感度的网民感知到信息与行为的不一致结果时,行为意向对其执行意向的预测作用更强。     

大学生的三重自我建构与个人自主的关系

采用问卷法,以477名本科学生为被试,探讨大学生的三重自我建构与个人自主水平之间的关系。结果显示:(1)个体自我可显著负向预测外部调控,正向预测认同调控和整合调控。(2)关系自我可显著正向预测外部调控和投射调控,且可在个体自我与外部调控、认同调控的关系中起调节作用。(3)集体自我可显著负向预测外部调控,正向预测投射调控、认同调控和整合调控,且可在个体自我与投射调控的关系中起调节作用。研究支持了个体自我的积极作用,同时也揭示了关系自我和集体自我对个人自主产生积极作用的方式。     

集体道德情绪研究述评

作为社会中存在的个体,无时无刻不在与各类人群交互作用,并在此过程中产生一系列与这些群体有关的情绪反应,也就是所谓的集体情绪。随着道德情绪研究的发展,集体情绪的研究逐渐与道德相联系。文中侧重探讨道德领域中的集体情绪,梳理了集体道德情绪的产生以及主要的集体道德情绪（集体内疚、集体羞愧）等的研究现状,指出未来的道德情绪研究应该在纵向研究、神经生理学研究以及积极情绪研究等方面进一步努力。     

学生班级集体效能、考试焦虑和学业成绩的SEM研究

使用结构方程模型,考察了学生班级集体效能、考试焦虑和学业成绩的关系。结果表明:1.重点学校学生班级考试焦虑极其显著低于一般学校。2.数学成绩和三科总分,高效能组均极其显著高于低效能组。3.在班级水平上,考试焦虑和集体效能、学业成绩均有负向关系,集体效能与学业成绩有正向关系,同时集体效能能够调节考试焦虑对学业成绩的影响。     

Book Reviews

Luc Boltanski, Distant Suffering: Morality, Media and Politics
Stephen Frosh, The Politics of Psychoanalysis: An Introduction to Freudian and Post-Freudian Theory
Dennis Chong, Rational Lives: Norms and Values in Politics and Society
Zsolt Enyedi and Ferenc Erös, Authoritarianism and Prejudice: Central European Perspectives
Stephanie Riger, Transforming Psychology: Gender in Theory and Practice
V. M. Bekhterev, Suggestion and Its Role in Social Life
Ian Glynn, An Anatomy of Thought: The Origins and Machinery of the Mind
David O. Sears, Jim Sidanius, and Lawrence Bobo (eds.), Racialized Politics: The Debate About Racism in America
Philip A. Klinkner with Rogers M. Smith, The Unsteady March: The Rise and Decline of Racial Equality in America     

Identity Processes in Collective Action Participation: Farmers' Identity and Farmers' Protest in the Netherlands and Spain

This study tested the assumption that a sense of collective identity stimulates participation in collective action. Contextual circumstances supposedly make a collective identity more salient and compel people to act as members of the group; protest participation is more likely among people with a strong collective identity. Group identification and participation in identity organizations were used as indicators of collective identity in a study of 248 farmers from Galicia (Spain) and 167 farmers from the Netherlands. The farmers were interviewed three times at intervals of 1 year. The longitudinal design also allowed a test of causality. A sense of collective identity appeared to stimulate preparedness to take part in farmers' protest. Action preparedness leads to action participation, which in turn appears to foster collective identity.     

The effects of personal and collective mortality salience on individualism: Comparing Australians and Japanese with higher and lower self-esteem

The cross-cultural generality of terror management theory was examined in Australia and Japan. Based on previous research suggesting that individualism is stronger in Australia than in Japan, mortality salience was predicted to enhance individualism in Australia, but to reduce it in Japan. The results supported this prediction. Consistent with the theory, the cultural pattern of worldview defense was found only among Australians and Japanese with low self-esteem. We also found preliminary evidence that collective mortality (death of one’s in-group) has a greater impact than personal mortality (personal death) in Japan. Although the cultural worldview and self-esteem may serve terror management functions in both cultures, there may be differences between cultures in the type of mortality that produces the greatest levels of anxiety and the manner in which a given worldview is used to cope with anxiety about mortality.