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61.
小学儿童对习俗时间的周期性特点的认知 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本研究探讨了小学儿童对习俗时间周期性特点的认知发展.实验任务是让被试判断两个给定日期之间的时间距离是正向接近还是反向接近。结果表明:儿童对习俗时间的周期性特点的认知成绩随年龄增长而不断提高;随着两个日期之间距离的增大,反应时不断增加,正确率不断降低,在两个日期相互接近的方向发生改变的边界处,反应时最长,正确率最低,表现出显著的“距离效应”和“边界效应”;儿童可以利用数字系统进行判断,他们的认知加工策略包括计数、数字运算和凭借习俗时间的空间表象进行模拟加工等等。 相似文献
62.
In this paper we address the problem of combining a logic with nonmonotonic modal logic. In particular we study the intuitionistic case. We start from a formal analysis of the notion of intuitionistic consistency via the sequent calculus. The epistemic operator M is interpreted as the consistency operator of intuitionistic logic by introducing intuitionistic stable sets. On the basis of a bimodal structure we also provide a semantics for intuitionistic stable sets. 相似文献
63.
In the area of child psychosocial intervention research, substantial progress in addressing challenging methodological issues has been made. In this article we suggest that continued movement forward requires maintaining a balance between methodological and theoretical issues, and that it would be advantageous to begin to think about matching advances in methodological sophistication by similar advances in theoretical sophistication. The need to advance our understanding of theoretical issues is especially important in light of the challenges raised by postmodernism, particularly as these challenges relate to knowledge development. We discuss these challenges and describe how a pragmatic orientation may be a useful way to respond to them. We also describe how a pragmatic orientation has been useful in our work in developing, implementing and evaluating psychosocial interventions for children with phobic and anxiety disorders. 相似文献
64.
The current literature suggests that individuals who chronically abuse alcohol exhibit a wide variety of cognitive deficits
resulting from cerebral dysfunction that is either directly or indirectly related to their alcohol consumption history. Cognitive
deficits have been hypothesized as having implications for standard alcohol treatment efficacy as they may directly affect
cognitively impaired individuals’ abilities to utilize various treatment modalities. Although evidence is accumulating that
suggests this is actually the case, the majority of alcohol treatment programs neither directly consider the impact cognitive
deficits have on treatment efficacy nor do they employ cognitive rehabilitation treatment strategies to remediate identified
cognitive deficits. Few studies exist that investigate the remediability of neurobehavioral deficits or the efficacy of integrating
cognitive rehabilitation strategies into more traditional treatment programs. Empirical investigations conducted to date indicate
that some cognitive deficiencies secondary to alcoholism are amenable to cognitive rehabilitation and this remediation is
generalizable. Rigorous well-controlled treatment outcome investigations are needed in order to determine the efficacy of
cognitive rehabilitation techniques in naturalistic settings using ecological outcome measures. Also, emphasis should be placed
on integrating cognitive rehabilitation techniques with proven efficacy into traditional alcoholism treatment programs. 相似文献
65.
66.
Gregory R. Peterson 《Zygon》1997,32(2):189-206
Does God have a mind? Western theism has traditionally construed God as an intentional agent who acts on creation and in relation to humankind. God loves, punishes, and redeems. God's intentionality has traditionally been construed in analogy to human intentionality, which in turn has often presumed a supernatural dualism. Developments in cognitive science, however, render supernatural dualism suspect for explaining the human mind. How, then, can we speak of the mind of God? Borrowing from Daniel Dennett's intentional stance, I suggest that analogical reasoning regarding the mind of God be abandoned in favor of an ontologically agnostic approach that treats God as an intentional system. In this approach, God's purposive action is an explanatory feature of the believer's universe, a real pattern that informs our values and beliefs about the world and our place in it. 相似文献
67.
68.
James E. Huchingson 《Zygon》1997,32(4):515-524
The primordial chaos of Genesis 1 may be understood as the Pandemonium Tremendum (or PT), the infinite field of variety or abundance within God. The concept of variety is taken from Claude Shannon's theory of communication. Especially significant is Shannon's notion that communication is the limitation of variety through decision processes. In one model of the divine life suggested by the theory, the PT is the boundless source of potential reaped by an agential God in the act of creation as a communication process. Other models for creation include the PT in a biased mode and creatures themselves as decision agents. 相似文献
69.
70.
运用规则空间模型识别解题中的认知错误 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
运用规则空间模型识别学生解题中的认知错误,该模型将认知心理学,项目反应理论和数据库的代数理论相结合,将被试的二值反应模式映射为笛卡尔乘积空间的一组序偶,然后计算被试和错误规则在该空间的代表性位置之间的马氏距离,并通过贝叶斯决策准则划分被试的错误类型,根据644名中学生对30个数学题目的反应,识别出其中86%的学生可以被划分人18种认知错误类型中。 相似文献